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남북 과학기술분야 교류협력 20년의 성과와 향후 확대추진 방안
이춘근(Choongeun Lee),박환일(Hwanil Park),백서인(Seoin Baek),손은정(Eunjung Son) 과학기술정책연구원 2019 정책연구 Vol.- No.-
This study summarizes that Inter-Korean S&T Exchanges and cooperation over the past 20 years, and presents the direction and strategy of cooperation, focusing on the new situation. North Korea began strengthening S&T cooperation with the former socialist countries in the 1950s, realizing the enormous technological gap with the Western countries in the 1980s, and further expanding S&T cooperation with developed countries. However, as the former socialist countries collapsed and international sanctions became severe in the 1990s, North Korea "s external S&T cooperation sharply shrank. Inter-Korean S&T cooperation began at first in indirect exchanges involving overseas Koreans, and gradually began to change into direct exchanges and cooperation bases. Especially in recent years, as relations between South and North Korea improved, it is likely that inter-Korean cooperation will expand further. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the collection and analysis of information related to S&T in North Korea. STEPI was difficult to conduct in-depth research due to lack of North Korea internal data in the 1990s. However, as the number of research projects about North Korea increased in the 2000s, practical cooperation was promoted and a network of experts such as the North Korea S&T Research Council was expanded. STEPI opened a cooperation window with the North Korean Academy of Sciences and strived to establish an S&T cooperation center between South and North Korean. The cooperation between STEPI and North Korea has three implications. First, it is important for STEPI to open and expand the official cooperation window with North Korea since North Korea restricts South Korea"s cooperation to a limited number and strictly controls all cooperation. Second, the government organization is reorganized whenever the regime changes and the study of the research institute are reduced according to the inter-Korea situation. Therefore, there is a problem in that long-term experts are disconnected. Third, there is a lot of demand for cooperation projects with North Korea and there are many tasks actually delivered to North Korea, but these projects rarely lead to actual cooperation. In order to improve the main problems of inter-Korean exchange cooperation for 20 years, it is necessary to improve the expertise of North Korea reality and inter-Korean cooperation and to cooperate with government and professional groups. In addition, it is necessary to determine the possible tasks for each situation scenario in advance. In conclusion, this study classified the cooperation stage into four stages(stage of continuing the current situation, stage of cooperation activation, stage of comprehensive cooperation, stage of establishment of cooperation base), and suggest collaborative programs or tasks at each stage.