토양중 신생 및 숙성 Bentazon 잔유물의 벼에 의한 흡수

이재구,경기성,Fuhr, F 한국농화학회 1989 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.32 No.4

The amounts of ^(14)CO₂ evolved during the ^(14)C-bentazon aging in soil for 3 and 6 months were 6.1 and 14.8% of the original radioactivity, respectively. The presence of earthworms in soil tended to increase the uptake of ^(14)C-bentazon by the roots of rice plants, even if it was not statistically significant. The evolution of ^(14)CO₂ from ^(14)C-bentazon in soil increased in the presence of rice plants and earthworms compared with in the absence of them. The uptake of ^(14)C-bentazon residues by rice plants decreased remarkably with increasing the aging period within the limit of 3 months both in the absence and presence of earthworms, but there is not much difference between 3-month-aging and 6-month-aging. Much larger amounts of ^(14)C-labelled compounds were translocated to the shoots, compared with the data from a previous investigation using maize plants. The amount of non-extractable bound residue increased remarkably with the aging period up to 3 months. The polarity of the compounds extracted from soil increased with the aging and the growing of rice plants, indicating the formation of some polar metabolites.

Clinical Impact and Correlations of Odontoid Parameters Following Multilevel Posterior Cervical Fusion Surgery

이재구,현승재,양승헌,김기정 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.4

Objective: C2 slope (C2S), a cervical parameter mathematically approximated as T1 slope minus cervical lordosis (T1S–CL), predicts functional improvement in cervical deformity patients. Nonetheless, C2S is a positional parameter based only on the horizontal axis. The current study aims to introduce novel odontoid parameters and establish their relationships with patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: Lateral plain radiographs of 32 adults who underwent multilevel posterior cervical fusion were analyzed. The odontoid parameters included odontoid incidence (OI), C2S, odontoid tilt (OT), and gravity line-C2 distance (GL-C2), while the cervical parameters were the Cobb angle at C0–1, C1–2, C0–2, C2–7, C2–7 sagittal vertical axis (cSVA), T1 slope, and T1S–CL. The range of motion (ROM) of the occipito-atlantoaxial complex was measured in flexion and extension plain radiographs. Scores on the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) for axial neck (VASn) and arm pain were measured. Results: Compared to asymptomatic subjects, patients had larger C2S, cSVA, and T1S– CL, and smaller OT. Preoperatively, OI was significantly correlated with the ROM of C1–2 (r = 0.37, p < 0.05) and C0–2 (r = 0.46, p < 0.01). OT and C2S had significant correlations with the C0–1, C1–2, and C0–2 angles, GL-C2, and T1S–CL. Postoperative NDI scores were significantly correlated with OI (r = -0.40, p < 0.05) and OT (ρ = -0.37, p < 0.05). VASn was significantly correlated with GL-C2 (r = -0.35, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The odontoid parameters were significantly correlated with established cervical parameters and HRQoL measures. OI is a constant parameter representing the individual's compensatory reservoir at the upper cervical spine.

Reciprocal Changes Following Cervical Realignment Surgery

이재구,현승재,양승헌,김기정 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.4

Over the last few decades, the importance of the sagittal plane and its contour has gained significant recognition. Through full-body stereoradiography, the understanding of compensatory mechanisms, and the concept of global balance and reciprocal change has expanded. There have been a few reports describing how cervical realignment surgery affects global spinal alignment (GSA) and global balance. Despite the research efforts, the concept of reciprocal change and global balance is still perplexing. Understanding the compensatory status and main drivers of deformity in a patient is vital because the compensatory mechanisms may resolve reciprocally following cervical realignment surgery. A meticulous preoperative evaluation of the whole-body alignment, including the pelvis and lower extremities, is paramount to appreciate optimal GSA in the correction of spinal malalignment. This study aims to summarize relevant literature on the reciprocal changes in the whole body caused by cervical realignment surgery and review recent perspectives regarding cervical compensatory mechanisms.

학술 7 - 한국산 뱀의 소화기 계통에서 발견된 이생흡충류-2

이재구,김현철,Lee, Jae-Gu,Kim, Hyeon-Cheol 대한수의사회 2014 대한수의사회지 Vol.50 No.5

Odontoid Incidence: A Novel Cervical Parameter Influencing Cervical Alignment From Top to Bottom

이재구,현승재,김기정 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.2

Objective: By using angulation of the axis itself, this study aims to define and analyze odontoid incidence (OI) and odontoid tilt (OT) as novel cervical alignment parameters and investigate their correlations with cervical alignment. Methods: Novel and existing parameters were measured with whole-spine lateral plain radiographs and EOS images of 42 adults without cervical symptoms. The correlations of OI, OT, C2 slope (C2S), and T1 slope (T1S) were calculated. Results: The OI, OT, and C2S showed significant correlations with C2–7 angle (r = 0.43, r = -0.42, r = 0.62, respectively) and C0–2 angle (r = -0.33, r = 0.48, r = -0.61, respectively). OI, OT, T1S were independent predictors of the C2–7 angle in univariate regression analysis (adjusted-R2 = 0.17, R2 = 0.15, R2 = 0.28, respectively). OI, OT, and T1S were independent predictors in the multivariable regression analysis with estimated standardized coefficients of 0.36, -0.67, -0.69, respectively (adjusted- R2 = 0.80, p < 0.001). Regarding the C0–2 angle, OI and OT were independent predictors in the univariate regression analysis (adjusted-R2 = 0.08, R2 = 0.21, respectively). Conclusion: OI, OT, and C2S had significant correlations with cervical alignment. As the pelvic incidence, the OI is the only anatomical and constant parameter that could be used as a reference point related to the cervical spine from the rostral end. The study results may serve as baseline data for further studies on the alignment and balance of the cervical spine.

Infection kinetics and developmental biology of Cryptosporidiam muris (strain MCR) in Korean native kids and Corriedale lambs

이재구,김현철,은길수,Lee, Jae-Gu,Kim, Hyeon-Cheol,Eun, Gil-Su The Korean Society for Parasitology 1998 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.36 No.3

반추동물에 있어서 쥐와포자충의 감염 동태에 관한 지식에는 불충분한 점이 많다. 그래서 11마리의 1~20일령의 재래산양과 면양에 $2{\;}{\times}{\;}10^7$의 쥐와포자충 (MCR주) 난포낭 (oocyst)을 한 번에 경구투여한 다음 분변 내의 난포낭 배설 양상을 관찰하였다. 11마리의 재래산양과 면양 중 4마리에서만 분턴에서 억대 (108/day/head)에 이르는 난포낭이 검출되었는데 반해 3마리에서 천만대, 나머지 예에서는 극히 적은 수만이 검출되었다. 전기생충증명기는 19-35일로서 평균 $28.1{\;}{\pm}{\;}5.8일$, 기생충증명기는 16-85일로서 평균 $47.8{\;}{\pm}{\;}21.1일$, 분변 내 난포낭 배설량은 최고가 $613.5{\;}{\times}{\;}10^6$, 평균 $156.6{\;}{\times}{\;}10^6{\;}{\pm}{\;}253.6{\;}{\times}{\;}10^$이었으며, 이 원충에 대한 연령의존성 저항은 인정 할 수 없었다 한편, 감염 후 44일째 난포낭 배설 극기에 희생시킨 재래산양의 제4위 점액세포의 미세융모 내에서 이 원충의 모든 단계의 발육기를 관찰할 수 있었다. 모든 발육기에서 바깥쪽이 숙주세포의 두터운 사상돌기로 둘러싸여 있는 쥐와포자충 특유의 전단 돌출부를 볼 수 있었다. 또, 이 원충의 재래산양/마우스 모델 감염실험에서 마우스 고유의 난포낭 배설 양상이 인정되었다. 이 원충의 면역원성과 난포낭의 재생산이 도전감염실험과 면역억제에 의하여 증명되었다. 이상의 실험 결과로 반추수에 있어서 쥐와포자충의 내생발육을 입증하였다. A total of nine Korean native kids and two Corriedale lambs, 1-20 days old, were each inoculated per os with a single dose of 2 × 107 oocysts of Cwptospori,mum muris (strain MCR) originated from mice to elucidate the kinetics and developmental stages of the coccidium in small ruminants. Irrespective of host's age, the prepatent period for both animals ranged from 19 to 35 days (28.1 days, on the average) and the patent period 16-85 days (47.8 days), and the total oocyst outputs showed enormous differences. Infection with greater numbers of oocyst outputs was not ordinarily established by transmission experiments. Oocysts discharged from the kids retained their infectivity by the mouse titration method. The immunogenicity of the coccidium and oocyst reproduction were proven by challenge infection and administration of prednisolone acetate. respectively. All the developmental stages of the coccidium in parasitophorous vacuoles were found by transmission electron microscopy in the pits of the gastric glands of a kid inoculated with oocysts and then necropsied on day 44 postinoculation. It indicated the full course of the host-parasite relationship in kids and lambs as well as mice.

스포츠적성우수자의 조기발굴을 위한 평가 방식제안

이재구,김영규 한국체육정책학회 2004 한국체육정책학회지 Vol.4 No.-

This study was to develope and suggest an selection profiles which can distinguish and find out early an inborn talents in sports from childhood as possible. Because their performance abilities in any field players depend on various factors, socioenvironmental, genetic, psychiatric, intelligence, physical fitness, physique aspects, and etc. So, we have considered such a factors for sports talent identification. As follow, we presented largely the four stages for early developing the human resources that have a special talents in various sports fields. The first step for a basic evaluation and selection for qualifying any sports talents have to be subjected to elementary school students, which were not participate any sports activities at all. We propose to apply fitness test battery for elementary school students to screen a qualifying subjects with a special talents. The second step is to evaluate how to support a participation as a elite sports player from their parents and themselves, subjects possible for early selection. For success as a best player in any sports fields, he or she have to take a certain supporting from their family and ,of course, by himself(or herself). Otherwise, anyone can't guarantee their success as a elite player. Therefore, we propose that a socioenvironmental factors about supporting background of possible player and their family must include as a factors for early selection system. The third step needs to perform any testings that any genetic and psychological characteristics can be considered systematically. They have to necessarily take a consideration as an important factors which influence forcefully on specific sports talent. The fourth step is to consider an intelligence and coping capability with sports events and competitions because a highly elite players need any creative strategies and playing ability. The last step to consider is the evaluation on physique variables and fitness characteristics.

어류의 아가미에 기생하는 쌍자충

이재구 대한수의사회 1985 대한수의사회지 Vol.21 No.12

CaCO3를 flux로 사용시 ash와 ash의 용융 특성에 미치는 영향

이재구,김재호,이효진,박태준,김상돈,김종진 한국에너지학회 1995 에너지공학 Vol.4 No.3

분류층 석탄가스 반응온도에서 slag의 배출 조건을 원활하게 유지하기 위하여 CaCO3를 flux로 사용한 용융특성을 파악하였다. 첨가에 의한 용융온도는 flux 주입량에 따라 감소하다가 증가하였다. 최저 용융온도의 범위는 ash중 CaO 농도기준 30-40%의 범위에서 나타났으며, Base/Acid ratio에 따라 최소 용융온도는 ash중 무기물간의 eutetic effect가 작용함을 알 수 있었다. 고온에서의 slag 조성은 ash의 조성과 비교시 알카리 산화물의 휘발화와 SO2의 감소를 보여주고 있으며, salg중 환원성 가스가 증가함에 따라 금속 산화물의 환원에 의해 SiO2 조성은 증가하였다. CaCO3를 혼합한 시료를 질소분위기하에서 조제하여 점도를 측정한 결과, low silica ash의 경우 낮은 점도치를 보여주나, 250 poise 이하의 범위에서 고화되는 현상이 발생하였다. high silica ash에서는 CaCO3 투입에 의해 slag 점도는 감소하였는데, slag 분석 결과 CaO가 산소 제공물질(oxide doner)로 작용하여 silicate의 응집현상을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다.

사람계측에 의한 넓적다리 근육부피 추정산출 모형의 개발

이재구,김영규,김창수,이완희,백두진 대한체질인류학회 2006 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.19 No.4

The purpose in this study is to make a regression model for the prediction of skeletal muscle volume in thigh. For this purpose, men,14 and women,6 were included in this study. They were measured 22 independent variables by CT and anthropometry methods. CT Image analysis were performed with INFINITT, Rapidia 2.8, Korea. The results in this study are as following. There were not significant (P=.000) between CT-measured variables and predicted variables by anthropometry, excepting the difference (P=0.01) at thigh top muscle circumference. Therefore, many of variables could be applied with parameters for estimation equation by anthropometry. The estimation equation, obtained for thigh muscle volume using the predicted mid-thigh muscle circumference corrected by skinfold thickness and predicted total femur bone volume, was Y(Mtot)=127.4134*(X1)+18.7767*(X2)- 5998.62. Where, X1 is predicted mid-thigh muscle circumference and X2 is predicted total femur bone volume. R2 in this model is .97, and SEE is 123 mL, CV 3.6%. In conclusion, the determination of skeletal muscle volume in thigh can be highly validated with estimaton model in this study. Therefore it also be apply to predicting thigh muscle volume in korean adults. 본 연구는 CT촬영 분석을 통하여 한국인 넓적다리 근육을 정량화하고, 그 정량값을 기준으로 사람계측변 수들을 통하여 넓적다리 근육부피를 추정 산출할 수 있는 모형을 고안하려는 것이다. 따라서 총 20명(남 14명, 여 6명)의 연구대상자들의 넓적다리 부위를 CT촬영한 후, 사람 계측변수들을 계측하 였다. 각 개인별 CT영상 자료는 DICOM FILE에 저장되었으며, CT영상분석 소프트웨어(INFINTT, 한국)를 이용하 여 정량 분석하였다. 추정식 모형개발을 위한 독립변수들은 22개 이었으며, 이들은 기술통계, 단순회귀분석, 상관분 석, 추정 모형고안 및 모형평가 과정을 수행하는데 모두 이용되었다. 그 결과, CT 영상분석에서 산출된 실측 값들 (넓적다리 근육둘레 변수들 및 넙다리뼈 부피 변수들)과 사람계측에 의하여 추정된 추정 값들 간의 차이검증(ttest) 에서 넓적다리 몸쪽 근육둘레 변수에서만 유의한(P=0.0102) 차이가 있었고, 나머지 모든 변수들간에는 유의 한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 얻어진 한국인 넓적다리 근육부피 추정 모형 Y=127.4134*X1+18.7767*X2-5998.62로 고 안되었으며, 추정식에 의한 R2는 97%, SEE는 3.6% (123 cm3)로 나타났다. 여기서 X1은 넓적다리 추정 가운데 근육 둘레 변수(피부밑지방두께로 보정된)이며, X2는 넙다리뼈 추정 부피 변수이었다. 이 추정모형에 의하여 얻어진 넓 적다리 근육부피와 CT에 의하여 실측된 값 간에는 통계적으로 유의한(P⁄0.05) 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 본 연구에서 얻어진 추정식은 한국 성인의 넓적다리 근육부피를 추정산출하는데 적합한 모형인 것으로 평가되었다.