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Ethosome에 캡슐화된 Palmitoyl Tripeptide의 항균효과
이연정 ( Yeon Jung Lee ),이윤섭 ( Yun Sub Lee ),진병석 ( Byung Suk Jin ) 한국공업화학회 2014 공업화학 Vol.25 No.6
Palmitoyl tripeptide (M330) showed higher antimicrobial activities than methyl paraben or phenoxy ethanol through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. However, when the M330 was added into cosmetic formulation, white precipitates formed due to the electrostatic interaction between M330 and carbopol (carboxy vinyl polymer) as a thickener in cosmetics, and the viscosity of cosmetics decreased sharply. Also, the antimicrobial activities of M330 in cosmetics became lower than those of methyl paraben or phenoxy ethanol. Thus, the encapsulation of M330 in ethosome vesicle was attempted in order to recover the declined antimicrobial activities of M330 in cosmetics and prevent the precipitates from forming. When ethosome-encapsulated M330 was added into cosmetics, the precipitates did not form, and the decrease in the viscosity of cosmetics was not large compared to the addition of unencapsulated M330. Challenge tests showed that antimicrobial activities against gram negative bacteria were improved by the encapsulation of M330, but the encapsulation was not effective against gram positive bacteria and fungus. A combination of M330 with EDTA showed synergistic inhibitory potential against C. albicans. After coencapsulation of M330 and EDTA in ethosome, antimicrobial activities proved to be higher than those of unencapsulated M330 and EDTA.
백두산 화산재해 시나리오에 따른 강원지역 농작물 피해의 경제적 파급효과 추정
이연정(Lee, Yeonjeong),이윤정(Lee, Yun-Jung),윤성민(Yoon, Seong-Min) 한국지역사회학회 2014 지역사회연구 Vol.22 No.2
In this study, we estimated direct and indirect economic losses due to the volcanic ash, when Mt. Baekdu volcano erupts, especially of the agricultural sector of Gangwon, Korea. These two economic losses were calculated by using fragility function model and Input-output analysis model, respectively. From the results of calculation, we found that if volcanic ash is accumulated 3.115mm on average, the amount of direct losses of Gangwon in 2010 runs 245.9 billion wons and the damage ratio is about 20.14%. We also found that the amount of indirect losses, which is expected to be caused on the production, import, and added value of whole industry sectors, is 383.1 billion wons. And it’s 1.56 times larger than the amount of direct losses. The total amount of economic damage is 629.0 billion wons.
전력소비와 경제성장: 지역패널자료를 이용한 동태적 인과관계 분석
이연정(Lee, Yeonjeong),이윤정(Lee, Yun-Jung),윤성민(Yoon, Seong-Min) 한국지역개발학회 2019 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.31 No.3
This study aims to investigate the relationships between electricity consumption and economic growth in Korea. The study uses the regional panel data of electricity sales volume and GRDP in seven metropolitan cities and nine provinces. The study performs panel unit root test and panel cointegration test, and estimates panel vector autoregression (PVAR) model. The empirical results can be summarized as follows. First, there is no long-term relationships between the electric power consumption and the economic growth. Secondly, although the economic growth does not affect the power consumption in the short-term, the power consumption has led to the economic growth. Third, the power consumption in the large cities affects the short-term economic fluctuations, but not in the provinces.