백사(白沙) 이항복(李恒福)의 「조천록(朝天錄)」 연구(硏究)

이성형 ( Soung Hyung Lee ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2006 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.17 No.-

本稿는 白沙 李恒福이 ``丁應泰의 誣告事件``을 해결하기 위해서 陳奏使로 明에 다녀오면서 見聞과 所懷를 기록한 「朝天錄」을 연구함으로써 文學世界와 함께 使行文學으로써의 의의를 찾고자 하였다. 使行文學은 使命의 완수를 위한 公的 목적을 가지고 있기 때문에 일반 紀行文學과는 다른 성격을 갖고 있지만, 使臣은 일반적으로 뛰어난 文士중에서 선발되었기 때문에 창작된 작품의 수준이 높았으며, 특히 白沙의 「朝天錄」은 對明關係 使行文學 硏究에 중요한 작품으로써의 가치를 갖고 있다. 「朝天錄」의 문학세계는 크게 ``異國景物에 대한 稱歎``, ``使行旅程의 哀歡``, ``憂國愛民의 衷情``, ``歷史의 鑑戒``로 나누어 분석해 볼 수 있다. 「朝天錄」의 문학적 의의는 기존의 使行錄에 비하여 한층 발전적인 모습의 내용과 형식을 제시함으로써, 후대 使行錄과 使行文學이 내용과 형식면에서 다양하고 우수한 많은 작품들이 창작되는데 영향을 주었을 것으로 보인다. 앞으로의 남은 과제는 아직까지 연구가 미진한 使行文學에 대한 특징을 고찰함으로써 使行文學고유의 문학적 의의를 도출해 내고, 또한 古文家로서 인정을 받았던 白沙에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 할 수 있겠다. This article is aimed at investigating the significance of emissary literature by studying "Jocheonnok" in which experiences and impressions on the way to Ming are recorded by envoy Baeksa Lee Hang-bok to solve the false charge case on Jeong Eung-tae. Emissary literature is different to general travel literature because it has a public goal to accomplish an envoy mission. However, emissary literature works are excellent because they were written by envoys selected among excellent literary men. In particular, Baeksa`s Jocheonnok is valuable as an important work for the study of the emissary literature related to Ming. The literary world of Jocheonnok can be analyzed by roughly dividing it into "impression on foreign culture," "joys and sorrows of the envoy trip," "patriotism," and "historical lessons." Jocheonnok is meaningful in literature in that it was likely to have an effect on the creation of excellent emissary literature works with various contents and styles by suggesting more developed contents and styles compared to the existing emissary literature. In the future, it is expected to discover the unique significance of emissary literature by investigating its characteristics which have not been fully researched and to study on Baeksa who was recognized as an brilliant literary man in old times.

연헌(蓮軒) 이의무(李宜茂)의 한시(漢詩) 일고찰(一考察) - 『잡시류(雜詩類)』를 중심(中心)으로 -

이성형 ( Lee Soung-hyung ) 근역한문학회 2021 한문학논집 Vol.58 No.-

Lee Eui-moo is a representative tattoo that was mainly active in Joseon Seongjong and Yeonsan-gun, and was excellent in poetry, excellent in the quality of sentences, and is evaluated as a person who participated in all publications related work. In Lee Eui-moo’s collection of books, Yeonheonjapgo, contains 352 Chinese poems of 496 verses, while Book2’s “Jabshiryu” contains 215 articles 338 verses of various themes. First, look at the work that expresses the appearance of Bacchus in alcohol and the pursuit of a comfortable and free life, Lee Eui-moo originally enjoyed poetry and liquor very much, and was proud of himself as ‘Bacchus in alcohol’. He showed his excitement through poetry and alcohol, or showed his free life. It is understood that in the turbulent times of the time, hopes were great, but in the later years, he was delayed by a low government office and tried to receive comfort through poetry and alcohol. Secondly, looking at the works that expressed hope through the great metaphor of the classics, it can be seen that Lee Eui-moo pursued the Song Dynasty Chinese poetry style. Lee Eui-moo liked to use classics in several works, and among them, through the metaphor of his classics, it is possible to confirm the tendency to reveal his hopes in his implicit appearance. Third, through the works expressing the contradictory feelings toward his head, we can see the tendency to long for and pursue situations that are contrary to his position. In fact, this psychology is a general tendency of bureaucrats, but Lee Eui-moo has a clear tendency compared to other literary figures due to the atmosphere of the times and the free nature of the time. Fourth, the proportion of farewells to people leaving local governments or envoy’s is high in “Jabshiryu”, so many works recommend sightseeing with Chiguntaekmin. When a person with whom he has been associated is about to be assigned to a local government office, he tends to focus on working well and filial piety.

무음 압축을 이용하는 음성 통신 시스템을 위한 동적 버퍼 관리 알고리즘

이성형(Sung-Hyung Lee),이현진(Hyun-Jin Lee),김재현(Jae-Hyun Kim),이형주(Hyung-Joo Lee),허미정(Mi-Jeong Hoh),최증원(Jeung-Won Choi),신상헌(Sang-heon Shin),김태완(Tae-Wan Kim) 한국통신학회 2012 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.37 No.7

天槎大觀 과 路程記 의 相關關係와 內容構成 比較 1) 1. 緖 論 2. 作者間 交遊關係와 刊行目的 分析 3. 天槎大觀 과 路程記 의 相關關係

李聖炯(Lee Soung-hyung) 대동한문학회 2016 大東漢文學 Vol.49 No.-

少痊 金德承(1595~1658)과 市北 南以雄(1575~1648)의 교유는 1645 년부터 확인되지만, 月沙 李廷龜(1564~1635) 집안과의 밀접한 교유를 매개로 보다 이른 시기에 교유했던 것으로 추정된다. 또한 같은 西人이고, 관직 이력을 살펴볼 때 1624년을 전후한 시기에도 서로 교유했을 가능성이 농후했다. 당시 해로 연행 노정에 대한 정보가 부족한 상황이었기 때문에, 市北이 평소 교유가 있었던 少痊의 天槎大觀 을 필사해서 路程記 를 제작했다고 추정된다. 두 작자의 문집을 고찰해 보면, 少痊集 의 草稿가 아들에 의해서 정리된 반면 市北遺稿 는 5대손에 의해서 정리되어, 市北遺稿 의 내용에 대해서는 치밀한 고증이 필요하다. 두 연행록의 幷序와 後記를 고찰해보면, 天 槎大觀 은 작자와 저작시기 및 저작 장소, 저작 목적 등을 구체적으로 확인할 수 있기 때문에 少痊의 저작이 분명하다. 반면, 路程記 의 평범한 후기를 통해서는 路程記 가 市北의 저작임을 특정하기에는 한계가 있다. 두 연행록의 相關關係에 대해서는 天槎大觀 의 小註로 異本의 존재가 확인되는데, 그 내용이 路程記 에서 확인된다는 점과 개인적인 견문과 소회의 서술이 서로 일치하는 점, 그리고 동일한 오류가 재생산 되는 점을 통해서 路程記 가 天槎大觀 의 이본임을 알 수 있다. 두 연행록의 내용구성을 비교해 보면, 우선 상이한 서술로 서로 결락이나 오류를 보완한 부분이 있고, 간략하게 변형되거나 축약된 서술이 확인되며, 諱法의 상이한 적용 양상이 보인다. 이를 통해서 路程記 는 市北의 저작 이지만, 창작본이 아니고 天槎大觀 의 筆寫本임을 알 수 있다. 다음으로 내용 구성상의 차이를 살펴보면 路程記 에서는 天槎大觀 의 ‘安州牧’에 대한 서술이 누락되었고, 小題에 대한 누락이나 부정확한 사용이 확인된다. 또한 노정과 내용이 혼재되었다. 이를 통해서 초고가 혼재 되어 전해졌던 정황과 市北遺稿 가 간행될 때에 天槎大觀 을 참고하지 않았음도 알 수 있다. Association between Sojeon(少痊) Kim Deok-seung(金德承, 1595~1658) and Sibuk(市北) Nam Yi-wung(南以雄, 1575~1648) was confirmed from 1645 but it is presumed that such association would be taken place at an earlier times based on close association with Wolsa(月沙) Lee Jeong-gu(李 廷龜, 1564~1635) family as media. In view of same Seo-in(西人) and their public service career, their mutual association was highly likely to be taken place around the times of 1624. At that time, as information for sea route itinerary to Qing Dynasty was not sufficient, it is presumed that Sibuk(市北) would have written ‘Rojunggi(路程記)’ by transcribing ‘Cheonchadaegwan(天槎大觀)’ of Sojeon(少痊) with whom he had an association at normal times. When considering anthology of those two writers, while draft of ‘Sojeonjib(少痊集)’ was summarized by his son, ‘Sibuk draft(市北遺稿)’ was arranged by 5th generation and so, its contents requires close historical research. When considering preface and postscript of two travel assays, in case of ‘Cheonchadaegwan(天槎大觀)’, as its writer, written times, place and objective could be confirmed in detail, it is clear that such book was written by Sojeon(少痊). Through an ordinary postscript of ‘Rojunggi(路程 記)’, there is a limitation in specifically defining that ‘Rojunggi(路程記)’ was written by Sibuk(市北). Regarding correlation of two Qing Dynasty travel assays, existence of different version is confirmed by footnote of ‘Cheonchadaegwan(天槎大 觀)’ and it could be realized that ‘Rojunggi(路程記)’ is different version of ‘Cheonchadaegwan(天槎大觀)’ in terms of the fact that its contents are coincided with that of ‘Rojunggi(路程記)’, narration of personal experience and impression is coincided with each other and same error was taken place repeatedly. When comparing contents composition of those two assays, first, there was a part supplementing omission or error by different narration and simply transformed or abbreviated description were confirmed and different application of illegality was observed. Through this, it could be seen that ‘Rojunggi(路程記)’ was written by Sibuk(市北) but it is a manuscript of ‘Cheonchadaegwan(天槎大觀)’, not created by Sibuk(市北). As a next step, when observing difference of contents composition, in ‘Rojunggi(路程記)’, description for ‘Anjumok(安州牧)’ of ‘Cheonchadaegwan (天槎大觀)’ was omitted and omission or incorrect use of subtitle was confirmed. In addition, its contents were mixed with travel itinerary. Through this, it could be realized that its draft was transmitted in a mixed form and when publishing ‘Sibuk draft(市北遺稿)’, ‘Cheonchadaegwan(天 槎大觀)’ was not referenced as well.

만운(晩雲) 정충신(鄭忠信)의 『백사선생북천일록(白沙先生北遷日錄)』 연구(硏究)

이성형 ( Lee Soung-hyung ) 근역한문학회 2016 한문학논집 Vol.45 No.-

『Bukcheon Ilrok(北遷日錄) of Baesa(白沙) Sunsaeng(白沙先生北遷日錄)』 is an exile diary in which deeds and anecdote of Baesa(白沙) Lee, Hang-Bok(李恒 福, 1556~1618) were written while Manwoon(晩雲) accompanied Baesa(白沙) who was exiled to Bukchung(北靑) due to objection to Pyemoron(廢母論). 『Bukcheon Ilrok(北遷日錄)』 was composed of ‘introduction, diary, Chungsa Sueui Sucho(丁巳獻議手草), epilogue` and published in a form of independent book. In this diary, Sino-Korean poetry of Baesa(白沙) was contained and footnote was supported in order to supplement contents of main text. First, contents of ‘patriotism and Yangsicheogi(量時處己)` in ‘Bukcheon Ilrok (北遷日錄)` explains general outline of change of times at that time and contains teaching of desirable ‘Yangsicheogi(量時處己)` to future generation through belief and loyalty of Baesa(白沙). Second, contents of exiled life and agony of separation contain anguish in a hidden side of daily life that looks to be affluent and agony of separation from family. Third, contents of deep emotion for hard life and funeral process contain hard life experienced through bad weather and tough journey and mourning of numerous persons shown in funeral service of Baesa(白沙). 『Bukcheon Ilrok(北遷日錄)』 has a limitation that it lacks literary sense while remaining at objective narration. However, right after its publication, it was enjoyed by many literary persons and in many cases, deep emotion for loyalty of Baesa(白沙), in particular, was expressed. Therefore, ‘Bukcheon Ilrok(北遷日錄)` is considered to be an exile diary imbued with a nature of Chungshin Eunhaengrok (忠臣言行錄, memoirs of loyalists).

OBD의 차량 진단 정보를 위한 IoT 장치 개발

이성형(Seong-Hyung Lee),이성희(Seong-Hee Lee),이상문(Sang-Moon Lee),황승훈(Seung-Hoon Hwang) 한국통신학회 2015 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.1

WTO 한-일 수산물 수입규제 분쟁 사건에 관한 고찰

이성형(Sung-Hyoung Lee),전정기(Cheong-Ghi Chun) 한국무역연구원 2016 무역연구 Vol.12 No.5

After the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, Korea adopted Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) measures to restrict the importation of certain food products from Japan. In September 2013, Korea extended the scope of its import bans to all fishery products caught in eight Japanese prefectures, and laid out additional testing and certification requirements regarding the presence of cesium and iodine in all food products from Japan that were not previously subjected to import bans. Japan requested consultations with Korea regarding such measures and these consultations held on 24 and 25 June 2015 but failed to reach a mutually agreed solution. Japan request the establishment of a Panel and so, On 8 February 2016, the Director-General identified the composed the panel. Because of the request for consultations and establishment of a Panel, Japan claimed that the South Korea’s measures were inconsistent with certain articles of the SPS Agreement. This Study analyzes the WTO disputes relative to the Radionuclides case of South Korea with Japan, Specifically, such disputes involved cases of some major legal issue involving certain article 2(2), 2(3), 5(1), 5(2), 5(5) and 5(6) of the SPS Agreement through some WTO dispute cases.

‘법률 또는 규정의 준수 확보를 위해 필요한 조치(GATT 1994 제20조(d)항)’의 적용 요건에 관한 연구

이성형(Sung-Hyoung Lee),전정기(Cheong-Ghi Chun) 한국무역연구원 2019 무역연구 Vol.15 No.1

The WTO system is aimed at free trade but, in certain cases, exceptions are allowed. The 10 exceptions are listed from (a) to (j) in GATT 1994 Article XX (General exceptions). The fourth of them is stated in the text as “necessary to secure compliance with laws or regulations which are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, the enforcement of monopolies operated under paragraph 4 of Article II and Article XVII, the protection of patents, trade marks and copyrights, and the prevention of deceptive practices.” The purpose of this paper is to interpret the meaning of this clause (GATT 1994 Article XX(d)). There are many ways to interpret the WTO agreement, but this paper focuses on the interpretation of the Panel and the Appellate Body of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body. The Panel and the Appellate Body considers the requirement of this clause (1) the measures for ‘secure compliance’ with laws or regulations themselves not inconsistent with the General Agreement and (2) the measures were ‘necessary’ to secure compliance with those laws or regulations. This thesis focuses on the interpretation of the requirements of the GATT 1994 Article XX(d) and aims at highlighting the meaning of ‘secure compliance’, ‘laws or regulations not inconsistent with the General Agreement’ and ‘necessary’ to secure compliance with those laws or regulations.

초등 역사교실수업에서 사료학습의 전략적 탐색

이성형 ( Sung Hyung Lee ),송인주 ( Song In Ju ) 역사교육학회 2012 역사교육논집 Vol.48 No.-

The purpose of this paper is suggest teaching methods for historical data lesson in elementary history classrooms. Historical data as a source of historical knowledge have interpretive and controversial characteri-stics in themselves. It is, therefore, important that students exchange their ideas each other over the data and seek for implications in them, since this is part of being democratic citizens. Before teachers practise this kind of instruction step by step, students should have some understanding a priory what historical data are. This paper suggests some instructional contexts for teachers which may help children understand what historical data are and what characteristics they have. Children are expected to develop historical sense of data more effectively by trying historical generalization and historical imagination.

TBT 협정상 ‘불필요한 무역장애 금지’ 규정에 대한 연구

이성형(Sung-Hyoung Lee),전정기(Cheong-Ghi Chun) 한국무역연구원 2016 무역연구 Vol.12 No.3

Under the TBT Agreement, WTO members have the right to take measures necessary for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health, of the environment, or for the prevention of deceptive practices. At the same time, WTO members have several obligations and these are described more particularly in Article 2 of TBT Agreement. The Article 2 of TBT Agreement contains two important obligations. One is ‘national treatment’ (Article 2.1) and the other is a ban on unnecessary obstacles to international trade (Article 2.2). This paper focuses on Article 2.2 of TBT Agreement and it provides that the measures are not prepared, adopted or applied with view to or with the effect or creating unnecessary obstacles to international trade. For this purpose, technical regulations shall not be more trade-restrictive then necessary to fulfil a legitimate objectives. The purpose of this paper is to interpret the meaning of ‘unnecessary obstacles to international trade’, ‘more trade-restrictive then necessary to fulfil a legitimate objectives’ under Article 2.2 of the TBT Agreement through some WTO dispute cases.