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Socio-Economic Impacts of an Unscheduled Event: A Case in Korea
이성관,강승림,김창호 한국도로학회 2009 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.11 No.1
Total number of recorded earthquakes in Korea is more than 2,000 of which 48 were catastrophic. The impacts from infrastructure damage due to an rthquake to production facilities and lifelines may spread across boundaries of several regions via import-export relationships and can bring serious economic impact to other regions. The economic impacts from unscheduled events stem not only from the damage and direct losses, but also from the indirect losses during the recovery and reconstruction periods. To recover and reconstruct the facilities and lifelines damaged by unexpected events through investment or government financial aid, both the direct and the indirect economic impacts from an event, need to be measured in regional and interregional contexts. Direct economic impact is the direct change of production and demand due to the disruption of production facilities and lifelines from an unexpected event, and indirect economic impact is the change in other sectors due to inter industry relationships. The purpose of the paper is to analyze various economic impacts of an earthquake, especially impacts on transportation networks in Korea. We collected spatial and economic data from Korea, and analyzed and estimated final demand loss and commodity flows from the unscheduled event. Total number of recorded earthquakes in Korea is more than 2,000 of which 48 were catastrophic. The impacts from infrastructure damage due to an rthquake to production facilities and lifelines may spread across boundaries of several regions via import-export relationships and can bring serious economic impact to other regions. The economic impacts from unscheduled events stem not only from the damage and direct losses, but also from the indirect losses during the recovery and reconstruction periods. To recover and reconstruct the facilities and lifelines damaged by unexpected events through investment or government financial aid, both the direct and the indirect economic impacts from an event, need to be measured in regional and interregional contexts. Direct economic impact is the direct change of production and demand due to the disruption of production facilities and lifelines from an unexpected event, and indirect economic impact is the change in other sectors due to inter industry relationships. The purpose of the paper is to analyze various economic impacts of an earthquake, especially impacts on transportation networks in Korea. We collected spatial and economic data from Korea, and analyzed and estimated final demand loss and commodity flows from the unscheduled event.
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Al-Si-Mg 계 합금의 열처리에 의한 미세조직과 경도 변화
이성관,백남익,이세종 한국열처리공학회 2000 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.13 No.2
The effects of heat treatments in Al-Si-Mg alloys on the microstructure and hardness have been investigated by the optical microscope, scanning electron microscope(SEM), and Rockwell hardness tester. The materials of various compositions are melted in a vacuum induction furnace under argon atmosphere. Five different Al alloys are prepared from commercial purity aluminium, magnesium and Al-25Si alloy. Two types of aging treatments are performed: i) Isothermal aging of the specimens at 150℃, 170℃ and 190℃. ii) Pre-aging of the specimens at 60℃, 80℃ and 100℃, and followed by final-aging at 170℃ and 190℃. After the heat treatments, Rockwell hardness are measured with all the specimens.
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保健所機能 標準化作業 및 保健所와 支所의 均衡있는 開發策 : 農村保健所를 中心으로
李性寬,宋達孝 최신의학사 1977 最新醫學 Vol.20 No.7
Since the commencement of the activities of the health centers there have been many problems inherent in the system. Namely health centers have excluded the medical care function from -their list of activities and it is this function which is most eagerly desired by the community at large. So the function has not been sufficient to solve the health needs of communities in our country. Therefore, the health center has not been able to really take roots in the community in our, country. Even though the health centers have conducted public health measures for the prevention of diseases the community has never appreciated these endeavors due to a lack of -understanding about health in general. The health center should accordingly be renewed from :its old stagnant activities and be reactivated to perform new tasks including medical care. Indeed the government has changed the health center with performing these tasks including providing medical care to low. income persons beginning this year. The duties and responsibilities of the health center are therefore of very great importance. The function of the health center should be based on community needs. It is highly desirable then to establish new functions and strengthen old functions of the health center in order to fulfill the health needs of the community. Also it would be desirable to create a local community .organization to inform the people that the health center is their own agency and that would act for their own health maintenance and promotion. The function of the health center should include: 1. Medical care 2. Local health planning -based on health needs of the community 3. Community health organization including participation of residents 4. Health organization in coordination with outside health facilities 5. Supervision, guidance and training for health workers at health sub-center 6. Functions concerning environmental sanitation including food sanitation 7. Evaluation The function of the health sub-center should be: 1. Primary medical care, patient case finding and referral to high level facilities 2. Comprehensive health services based on household unit 3. Collection of vital statistics to evaluate the project programs 4. Cooperating with local residents 5. Guidance concerning health matters in every day life To improve the function of the health center it would be desirable to provide a competent staffs, a sufficient financial support, installation of modern equipments and unification of the administrative channels. To improve the efficiency of personal health services to the community at the health sub center it would be desirable to establish a place where health care could be easily delivered to the community.
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