운동부하 흰쥐에서 포도당 증합체가 심근 당원에 미치는 영향

이석강,조성현,김용운,박덕일,김종연,장용찬 대한스포츠의학회 1994 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

운동부하전 섭취한 탄수화물이 운동흰쥐의 심근 및 골격근이 당원량에 미치는 영향을 측정하여 심근과 골격근의 대사적 차이점의 일단을 연구한 본 논문의 결과는 다음과 같다. 심근과 골격근 당원량(mg/ g wet tissue, 이하 단위 동일)은 정상군에서 심근 2.62±0.51로서 골격근의 3.37±0.58보다 낮았다(p<0.01). 심근 당원량은 정상군이 2.62±0.51이었다. 운동 30분에서 대조군은 정상군의 63%수준으로 감소하였으며(p<0.01), 탄수화물섭취군은 정상군의 86 및 90%수준으로 감소하였으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 탄수화물 섭취군의 당원량은 대조군의 142 및 137%정도로 양군 모두 대조군보다 유의하게(p<0.01) 높았다. 운동 60분에는 대조군은 운동30분의 78%(정상군의 49%)수준으로 감소하였으며(p<0.05) 탄수화물섭취군은 포도당중합체 및 포도당섭취군에서 각각 운동 30분에 비하여 72(p<0.01, 정상군의 62%), 81%정도(p<0.05, 정상군의 73%)로 감소하였다. 포도당 섭취군의 당원량은 대조군의 147% 정도로 대조군보다 유의하게(p<0.01) 높았다. 운동 120분에서 대조군은 운동 60분에 비하여 63%(정상군의 33%) 수준으로 감소하였으며 (p<0.01) 포도당섭취군은 운동 60분의 69%(정상군의 50%)수준으로 유의하게 감소하였으나, 포도당 중합체 섭취군은 차이가 없었다. 탄수화물 섭취군의 당원량은 포도당 중합체 및 포도당섭취군에서 각각 대조군의 202 및 162% 정도로 양군 모두 대조군보다 유의하게(p<0.01)높았다. 골격근 당원량은 정상군이 3.37±0.58 이었다. 운동 30분에서 대조군은 정상군의 69% 수준으로 감소하였으며(p<0.01) 탄수화물섭취군은 포도당 중합체 및 포도당섭취군에서 각각 정상군의 85 및 88% 수준으로 감소하였으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 탄수화물 섭취군의 당원량은 포도당 중합체 및 포도당섭취군에서 각각 대조군의 125 및 129% 정도로 양군 모두 대조군보다 유의하게(p<0.05) 높았다. 운동 60분에는 대조군은 운동 30분의 77%(정상군의 53%) 수준으로 감소하였으며(p<0.05)탄수화물섭취군은 포도당중합체 및 포도당섭취군에서 각각 30분에 비하여 93(정상군의 80%), 89(정상군의 78%) %정도로 감소하였으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 포도당중합체 및 포도당 섭취군의 당원량은 각각 대조군의 152 및 149% 정도로 대조군보다 유의하게 (p<0.001) 많았다. 운동 120분에서 대조군은 운동 60분에 비하여 50%(정상군의 26%) 수준으로 감소하였으며(p<0.001) 포도당 섭취군은 운동 60분의 75%(정상군의 58%)수준으로 유의하게(p<0.05) 감소하였으나 포도당 중합체 섭취군은 대조군의 84%(정상군의 67%)정도로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 탄수화물 섭취군의 당원량은 포도당 중합체 및 포도당섭취군에서 각각 대조군우ㅢ 255 및 221% 정도로 양군 모두 대조군보다 유의하게(p<0.001) 높았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 심근과 골격근 간의 생리, 생화학적 특성의 차이에도 불구하고 탄수화물의 섭취후 중등도 정도의 달리기 운동시 근 당원의 함량에 미치는 영향은 정도의 차이는 있으나 같은 경향을 나타내었으며, 골격근에서 심근보다 더 많은 근 당원 절감효과를 나타내었다. 또한 운동전 탄수화물의 섭취시 이러한 근 당원 절감 효과로 장시간의 운동시 심근 및 골격근 당원의 고갈 지연으로 운동수행능력의 증가가 기대되며, 특히 포도당 보다는 포도당 중합체의 섭취시 효과가 더 크리라고 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of glucose and glucose plymer ingestion on the concentration of the cardiac muscle glycogen at 30, 60 and 12 minutes of the treadmill running in rats. Rats were randomly assinged to normal, control, and carbohydrate groups. Carbohydrate group was divided into glucose, and glucose polymer ingested rats. The experiment was carried out after overnight fasting. Rats were administrated either water (control) of carbohydrates of formulated glucose(6%), and glucose polymer(6%) via polyethylene tube to the stomaach before treadmill run. Exercise was loaded by a treadmill run at the speed of I ㎞/hr for 30, 60, and 120 minutes. The results of experiment were as follows: Glycogen content of the cardiac muscle was lower than that of the skeletal muscle (plantaris) in normal rats. Glycogen content of the cardiac muscle was decreased in proportion to the exercise time compared to normal in control and carbobydrates ingested rats. It decreased in control, glucose, and glucose polymer compared to normal rats in decreasing order at 120 minutes treadmill running (% change of glycogen content of control, glucose, and glucose polymer compared to normal rats were 33, 50, and 63% in the cardiac muscle at 120 minutes of treadmill running respectively). Glycogen content of the skeletal muscle was decreased in proportion to the exercise time compared to normal in control and corbohydrates ingested rats. It decreased in control, glucose, and glucose polymer compared to normal rats in ecreasing order 120 minutes treadmill running(% change of glycogen content of control, glucose, and glucose polymer compared to normal were 26, 58, and 67% in the cardiac muscle at 120 minutes of treadmill running respectively). Change of the glycogen content of the cardiac and the skeletal muscle during treadmill running after glucose and glucose polymer ingestion showed that both muscles had tendency to decrease in proportion to exercise time similarly in control and carbohydrates ingested rats. Decreasing rate of glycogen content of cardiac and skeletal muscles during treadmill running compared to normal in carbohydrates ingested rats was lower than that of control. From these results, it is suggested glycogen content of cardiac and skeletal muscles had tendency to decrease in proportion to exercise time similarly in control and carbohydrate ingested rats. Glycogen content of cardiac and skeletal muscles in carbohydrate singested rats less decreased than that of control during treadmill running compared to normal. Glucose polymer of the carbohydrates ingested rats in considered as the most effective for glycogen sparing according to exercise time in both muscles. Therefore, intake of carbohydrate, especially glucose polymer, before exercise may be increase performance of the prolonged moderate exercise.

急性一酸化炭素中毒時의 血壓變動에 關하여

李錫江,李文杰,金圭秀,呂雄淵 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1965 慶北醫大雜誌 Vol.6 No.1

非壓縮性 GAS POCKET에 關하여

李錫江,金大洙 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1967 慶北醫大雜誌 Vol.8 No.1

절식흰쥐에서 운동부하 기간의 차이에 따른 체내저장 Glycogen과 유리지방산 이용양상

이석강,인주철,안종철,이영만,김종연,이동철 대한스포츠의학회 1986 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.4 No.1

副交感神經作用이 肺胞表面 活性物質의 生成 및 分泌에 미치는 影響

李錫江 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1973 慶北醫大雜誌 Vol.14 No.2

急性一酸化炭素中毒時의 血壓變動에 關하여

李錫江,李文杰,金圭秀,呂雄淵 경북대학교 의학연구소 1965 慶北醫大誌 Vol.6 No.1

The effect of acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning on arterial and venous blood pressure was studied in this report. The changes in mean pressure in abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava were measured for 15 minutes in CO breathing dogs(2.5% CO, 21% O_2 in N_2), in low oxygen breathing dogs (10% O_2 in 16 liters of N_2) and in total adrenalectomized and CO breathing dogs. Experiments were so designed that blood O_2 content decreased approximately the same extent and same rate in both CO breathing and low O_2rebreathing group. The results showed no significant difference in blood O_2 content in the both group. The mean arterial pressure began to decrease following after two minutes of CO breathing and declined continuously and rather precipitously as time progressed, while in the low O_2 rebreathing dogs the arterial pressure was maintained or rather elevated for about 10 minutes and thereafter declined. Venous pressure was elevated continuously as time progressed in both CO breathing and low O_2 rebreathing group and the elevation was more maked in CO breathing group. Such difference in blood pressure changes between the two groups was attributed to the difference in decreased cardiac out-put caused by anoxic myocardial damage. More severe myocardial damage in CO poisoning group would be possible by the fact that left side shift of oxygen dissociation curve of blood and/or inhibitory effect of CO on the cytochrome oxydase in tissues. In adrenalectomized and CO breathing group the mean arterial pressure was maintained for about 10 minutes at significantly ower level as compared with the adrenal gland intact and CO breathing group and declined thereafter gradually. The causes of maintained arterial pressure in the adrenalectomized group, even though at lower level,are not certain. But it is plausible as the effect of adrenalin for maintenance of blood pressure is said to be abolished under severe anoxic state.

副交感神經性作用이 肺胞表面 活性物質의 生成 및 分泌에 미치는 影響

李錫江 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1973 慶北醫大誌 Vol.14 No.2

Type Ⅱ 肺胞細胞에서 分泌되는 것으로 알려진 肺胞表面活性物質의 生成 및 分泌機轉이 neurohumoral effect에 依한 것인지를 究明코저 副交感神經性 作用을 亢進시키거나 遮斷시킨 操作을 施行한 家兎肺洗滌液의 表面活性度 및 type Ⅱ 肺胞細胞의 形態的 變化를 檢討하였으며 아울러 肺洗滌液의 蛋白質含量을 測定한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 正常家兎 肺洗滌液의 平均 最大 및 最小表面張力 및 stability index는 各各55.9 dyne/cm, 5.3 dyne/cm 및 1.7이었으며 蛋白質含量은 平均 165.5 μg/ml이었다. 2. 兩側頸部迷走神經을 電氣的으로 刺戟하거나 acetylcholine을 投與한 家兎肺洗滌液의 最小表面張力은 增加하여 stability index는 減少하였다. 蛋白質含量은 增加하였으며 특히 電氣的으로 刺戟한 群에서 增加의 程度가 甚하였다. 3. 兩側頸部 迷走神經을 切斷한 家兎肺洗滌液의 最小表面張力 및 蛋白質含量은 현저히 增加하였으며 atropine投與에 依해도 最小表面張力은 增加하였으나 肺胞洗滌液의 蛋白質含量은 正常이거나 若干 減少하였다. 4. 兩側頸部迷走神經을 電氣的으로 刺戟한 群의 type Ⅱ 肺胞細胞의 電子顯微鏡學的 所見은 osmiophilic inclusion body의 electron density가 正常 家兎의 그것에 比해서 增加되었다. 또 甚한 endoplasmic reticulum의 擴張을 보였으며 擴張된 endoplasmic reticulum內에는 osmiophilic material로 思料되는 物質을 볼 수 있었다. 그外 mitochondria 및 Golgi vesicle等 微細構造는 別變化를 나타내지 않았다. 5. 兩側頸部迷走神經切斷 및 atropine을 投與한 家兎의 type Ⅱ 肺胞細胞의 電子顯微鏡 所見은 osmiophilic inclusion body의 空胞現象, 構造 및 electron density의 不規則 等을 볼 수 있었으며 endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria 및 Golgi vesicle等 微細構造에는 別變化를 볼 수 없었다. 6. 上記의 結果로 미루어 보아 type Ⅱ 肺胞細胞는 刺戟에 對해서 대단히 銳敏한 細胞로 思料되며 副交感神經性作用에 對한 type Ⅱ 肺胞細胞의 微細構造의 變化와 肺洗滌液의 表面活性度와는 반드시 比例的인 相關關係가 없었으나 微細構造物의 反應으로 미루어 볼 때 neurohumoral effect에 依해서 肺胞表面活性物質의 生成 및 分泌가 調節된다고 思料된다. (本硏究中 電子顯微鏡的 觀察을 함에 있어서 始終 指導해 주신 本校 病理學敎室 孫泰重 敎授님께 깊이 感謝드립니다.) Conflicting results have been reported on the effects of the parasympathetic activity in the production and secretion of the lung surfactant. In the present stduy, an attempt was made to clarify the possible neurohumoral mechanism in the production and secretion of the lung surfactant, and two types of the parasympathetic activity were elecited on the rabbits, namely; exacerbtion in which acetylcholine and bilateral cervical electrical vagal stimulation were employed, and blockade in which atropine and bilateral cervical vagotomy were employed. The activities of the surfactant of the lung washings with the modified Langmuir-wilhelmy balance were studied as well as the electron microscopic observations of the type Ⅱ alveolar cells were made from the rabit so treated, and a comparison was made with the normal. The total protein content of lung washings was also measured. Study of the surface tension: The maximal and miniaml surface tension, stability index and the total protein content of the normal rabbit lung washing were 55.9dyne/cm, 5.3dyne/cm, 1.7 and 165.5μg/ml, respectively. The minimal surface tension of the lung washings was increased in all the groups studied with the most significant increase in the vagotomized group. Measurement of protein: The total protein content of the lung washings was sinificantly increased in the vagotomized and electrical vagal stimulated rabbits. But in the acetylcholine treated and atropinized rabbits it was slightly increased or within the normal limit. Electron microscopic study: In the normal rabbit, the type Ⅱ alveolar cell displayed abundant inclusions with the caracteristic deeply osmiophilic lamellae, and inclusion could be found throughout the cytoplasm. The endoplasmic reticulum was abundant, but the cisternae remained inconspicuous. However, mitochondria and Golgi vesicles were regularly distributed In electrical vagal stimulated rabbits, the type Ⅱ alveolar cell displayed conspicuous osmiophilic inclusions. Endoplasmic reticulum cisternae were massively dilated and contained abundant osmiophilic materials. In the vagotomized and atropinized rabbits, a moderate alteration of the osmiophilic inclusion bodies of type Ⅱ alveoler cell was produced, consisting of attenuationc of the typical lamellae and formation of vaculoes. Endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and Golgi vesicle were regularly distributed. Both the exacerbation and blockade of the parasympathetic activity decreased the activity of pulmonary surfactant, but morphologically the enhancement of the secretory processes by parasympathetic effect, and degenerative changes of microstructures of type Ⅱ alveolar cell by anticholinergic effect were produced. The above results indicate that the production and secretion of the surfactant by the type Ⅱ alveolar cell may be governed by neurohumoral mechanism

당뇨병의 운동치료법

이석강 영남대학교 의과대학 1997 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.14 No.2

Ether 및 Halothane 전신마취(全身麻醉)가 가토폐(家兎肺) 및 간조직(肝組織)의 단백량(蛋白量)에 미치는 영향(影響)

이석강,신현국,조중환,이기석,Lee, Suck-Kang,Shin, Hyun-Cook,Cho, Joong-Hwan,Lee, Ki-Suk 대한생리학회 1971 대한생리학회지 Vol.5 No.1

In an attempt to observe possible effects of ether and halothane anesthesia on the protein contents of the lung and liver of rabbits, the animal was subjected to the moderato anesthesia with either ether or halothane by non-rebreathing system for one hour, and the protein content of the lung and liver was measured by the method of Lowry et at. using Folin-phenol reagent. The comparison was made with the protein content from the normal rabbits, and the following results were obtained. l) The protein contents of the lung and liver of the normal rabbit were $45.0{\sim}11.5\;mg/gm$ wet wt. and $100.4{\sim}15.1\;mg/gm$ wet wt. respectively. 2) In the ether or halothane anesthesized group, the protein contents of the lung were $57.2{\sim}13.3\;and\;60.3{\sim}7.2$ respectively. 3) In the anesthesia groups with ether and halothane, the protein contents of the liver were $103.4{\sim}10.0\;and\;90.1{\sim}13.0$ respectively. 4) No significant difference in the protein contents of the lung and liver was observed after ether or halothane anesthesia comparing with the normal.

急性一酸化炭素中毒症의 血壓變動에 關하여

李錫江 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1965 慶北醫大雜誌 Vol.6 No.1