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이상모 ( Sangmo Lee ) 이화여자대학교 통역번역연구소 2021 T&I review Vol.11 No.1
Machine translation powered by artificial intelligence is now being widely used for such areas as legal translation, which require high-level professional knowledge and skills and thus were used to be considered exclusively for human translators. The Korea Legislation Research Institute, which has translated the statutes of the Republic of Korea for 30 years, has begun to use machine translation. Yet there are issues to be addressed, including legal problems associated with using machine translation. If we could come up with a proper solution to these issues based on in-depth research, machine translation would better assist human translators. (Korea Legislation Research Institute, Korea)
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모닝 ( Mou Ning ),이상모 ( Lee Sangmo ) 제주대학교 법과정책연구원 2024 국제법무 Vol.16 No.1
The phenomenon of bullying in schools is an important social problem worldwide, threatening the safety and psychological well-being of students. The phenomenon of bullying in schools is also seriously occurring in China. In addition, numerous cases affecting hundreds of thousands of students are reported every year. However, despite the increasing social interest and the implementation of various policies in China, there are significant gaps in the legal system aimed at the prevention and management of bullying in schools. Through a thorough analysis of the problem of bullying in schools in China, this paper evaluates the limitations of the current legal system necessary to solve and prevent these cases. School bullying in China involves a variety of behaviors, including physical violence, verbal abuse, social exclusion, and cyberbullying. The complexity of these behaviors and the often covert nature of events are difficult to resolve within the existing legal system. The laws related to current school violence in China are mainly the “Minors Protection Act” and the “Youth Crime Prevention Act”. However, its contents are broad or ambiguous, making it ineffective in certain cases of bullying, and inconsistent in its enforcement and application. To this end, we look at how countries such as the United States, Germany, France, and Japan have developed legal systems to respond more effectively to school harassment. For example, the United States has state laws in place that provide clear definitions and guidelines for schools to follow in bullying cases. The German approach integrates bullying prevention into the curriculum and requires cooperation between various government agencies. Through this analysis, we present relevant legal and institutional improvements for the prevention of school violence in China and suggest implications for Korea. In other words, it is proposed to build a more comprehensive legal culture by expanding from schools to home and social domains with a specialized legal system that clarifies the definition of harassment, specifies legal responsibility, and sets enforceable standards for prevention and response, as well as strong inter-ministerial cooperation and stronger enforcement mechanisms.
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이상모 이화여자대학교 통역번역연구소 2021 T&I review Vol.11 No.2
Starting from the differences between general translation and statutory translation, this paper examines the factors that must be considered in order to change the paradigm of statutory translation and the translation approaches based on such factors, and explores several cases that were actually reviewed in the statutory translation process. The field of statutory translation must identify a translation method that aptly highlights these differences in consideration of the legal system and the legal hierarchy. In addition, it is also necessary to actively consider whether the translator and the translated text carry legal effect and the authority to provide authoritative interpretations. The modification and application of the basic principles applied to general statutory translation and review of domestic and foreign legislative enactment guidelines will allow for a more objective and accurate translation.
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