미술교육에서 지각적 경험의 의미와 역할에 대한 고찰

이모영(Lee, Mo Young) 한국미술교육학회 2009 美術敎育論叢 Vol.23 No.3

본 연구는 미술교육에서 지각적 경험의 의미와 역할을 미술의 사회적 기능에 관한 논의를 중심으로 고찰해보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 지각적 경험의 개념을 구체적으로 기술하고, 지각적 경험의 주요 이론과 특징을 분석하였다. 그리고 이에 근거하여 미술이 구체적으로 어떤 인지적, 사회적 기능을 수행하고 있는지를 논의하였다. 미술의 중요한 인지적, 사회적 기능은 다음과 같다 우선 미술은 통합적 사고방식과 밀접하게 관련되어 있다. 이 통합적 사고방식은 미술의 이해는 물론 발견과 통찰의 과정에 매우 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 둘째로 미술은 다양성과 개방성을 촉진하는 기능을 수행한다. 따라서 미술교육은 삶에서 다양한 의견을 장려하고, 다름에 대한 개방성과 관용을 발달시키는데 매우 중요한 역할을 담당한다. 셋째로 미술은 소통을 촉진하는 기능을 수행한다. 서로 대립되는 견해가 존재할 때, 미술은 각각의 견해를 고유한 개별적 특수성을 통해 지각하도록 함으로써 더욱 바람직한 행위를 이끌어 내도록 하는데 매우 효과적인 수단을 제공한다. 이를 통해 미술은 우리 사회에 만연해 있는 대립과 갈등을 극복하는데 크게 기여할 수 있다. 미술교육에서 지각의 의미와 역할에 대한 본 논의는 미술이 우리의 삶에서 왜 중요한지 그리고 미술교육이 공교육의 현장에서 왜 등한시되지 말아야 하는지에 대한 논거에 이론적 기초를 제공하는데 크게 기여할 수 있을 것이다. This study intends to search for the significance and role of perceptive experience in art education focusing on the issues raised on the social function of arts. For this, the paper will describe the concept of perceptive experience in detail and analyze major principles and characteristics of perceptive experiences Based on the results derived, the significant cognitive and social function of arts was discussed. The significant functions of arts in terms of cognitive and social aspects were as followings. First, arts was closely related to the integrated way of thinking. This integrated way of thinking served a very critical role for the understanding of arts as well as the process of artistic discovery and insight. Second, arts served the function to accelerate the sense of diversity and openness. Therefore, art education takes a very significant role to encourage the display of various opinions in life and develop the sense of openness as well as tolerance to differences. And third, arts served the function to accelerate communication. When confronting ideas exist, arts provides a very effective means to derive more ideal acts by helping people perceive each opinion by viewing others' unique characteristics. Through such approach, arts can greatly contribute to overcoming the confrontation and complication spread in our society. The study that has approached the art education in terms of significance and role of perception is expected to provide the persuasive theoretical bases when it comes to discuss the importance of art in our lives and stress the art education in public education.

시각적 사고(visual thinking)가 미술교육에 시사하는 함축적 의미에 관한 고찰

이모영(Lee Mo-Young) 한국미술교육학회 2005 美術敎育論叢 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구는 미술의 인지심리학적 기초를 형성하는 시각적 사고의 개념을 분석해보고, 이 시각 적 사고의 개념이 미술교육에 시사하는 함축적 의미에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 시각적사고 개념을 통한 미술교육에 관한 고찰은 미술의 인식적 기능에 대한 새로운 관점을 제시하고, 이를 통해 미술교육이 올바르게 평가되어 그 중요성과 필요성이 새롭게 인식되기 위한 이론적 토대를 제공해줄 수 있을 것이다. 시각적 사고는 시각 정보나 시각 이미지를 조작하여 정보를 처리하는 능동적이고 지능적인 인지적 과정이다. 시각적 사고는 특히 전체상황에서 역동적으로 작용하는 상호작용 효과를 처리함으로써 예술작품의 창조와 감상은 물론 창의적 사고에 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 따라서 미술은 직접 경험의 형태로 대상의 본질적 특징을 발견하고 창조하는 인식의 한 수단으로 기능하고, 이를 통해 마음속에 잠재되어 있는 자발적인 창조의 욕구를 자극하고 사물을 탐구하고 발견하는 보편적 인식능력의 발달에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다. 따라서 미술교육은 결코 소홀히 다루어질 수 없는 삶의 중요한 한 영역임이 분명하다. This study aims to analyze the concept of visual thinking which serves a cognitive basis for art and examine the implications of this concept in art education. A study on art education through visual thinking provides insights into the cognitive functions of art and serves theoretical underpinnings for re-evaluating the importance and necessity of art education. Visual thinking is an active and cognitive process which makes information processing possible by manipulating visual information and visual images. Visual thinking plays an important role in generating creative ideas and creating and evaluating art works by effectively processing interactions which are operative in the entire mechanism. Hence, art serves as a means of cognition which enables artists to discover and capture essential characteristics of an object through direct experience. It also plays an important role in the course of general cognitive development, which helps to stimulate the need of creativity on the one hand and explore and discover objects on the other. Therefore, it is evident that art education is an important part of our lives, which is worthy of much attention.

예술에 대한 심리학적 접근의 비판적 고찰

이모영(Mo Young Lee) 한국미학예술학회 2000 미학예술학연구 Vol.11 No.-

N/A

예술심리치료에서 체화된 인지(embodied cognition)의 치유적 함의

이모영(Lee Mo-young) 한국예술심리치료학회 2019 예술심리치료연구 Vol.14 No.4

본 논의의 목적은 예술심리치료에서 체화된 인지의 치유적 함의를 고찰하는 것이다. 이를 위해 다음과 같은 연구문제를 설정하였다: 예술심리치료에서 왜 체화된 인지가 중요한가? 체화된 인지와 예술은 구체적으로 어떻게 관련되어 있는가? 예술의 치유적 효과에 대한 체화된 인지의 함의는 무엇인가? 연구결과는 다음과 같다: 첫째로, 체화된 인지는 몸을 매개로 한 마음의 무의식적 측면을 강조함으로서 심리적 문제에 대한 기 존의 논의에서 많은 변화를 요청하고 있다. 둘째로, 예술은 몸을 매개로 한 체화된 마 음을 표현하고 확장하는 효과적인 방법을 제공하여 주요한 인지적 기능을 수행한다. 셋째로, 예술은 체화된 마음을 표출하고 확장하는 효과적인 수단을 제공함으로서 우리 를 활성화시키고, 이완시키고, 세계와 관계를 맺도록 하고, 마음을 변화시켜 의미를 새 롭게 구성하도록 함으로써 치유적으로 기능한다. 이와 같은 체화된 인지의 치유적 함 의에 대한 본 논의는 이론적 체계가 부족한 것으로 평가되는 예술심리치료에 중요한 이론적 기초를 제공하여 예술심리치료의 학문적 정체성을 강화하고, 예술심리치료에 대한 사회적 인식을 개선하는 데에 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this paper was to examine the healing implications of embodied cognition in arts psychotherapy. For this, the following research problems were selected: Why is the embodied cognition important in arts psychotherapy? How specifically is the embodied cognition related with arts? What are the implications of the embodied cognition with respect to the healing implications of the arts? Research results are as follow; First, embodied cognition emphasizes the unconscious aspect of the mind which takes the body as the medium, requesting many changes in the existing argument on psychological issues. Second, the arts provide effective methods that express and expand the embodied mind which takes the body as the medium to engage in major cognitive functions. Third, the arts provide effective means of expressing and expanding embodied cognition to activate and relax us, and enable us build relationships with the world and change our minds to construct a new meaning to facilitate healing. This paper on such healing implications of embodied cognition is expected to make an enormous contribution to intensifying the academic identity of arts psychotherapy and improving social consciousness toward arts psychotherapy by providing a crucial theoretical basis for arts psychotherapy which is lacking a theoretical system.

예술적 창조성에 대하여 ' 시각적 사고 ' 개념이 지니는 함축적 의미에 관한 연구

이모영(Mo Young Lee) 한국미학예술학회 2000 미학예술학연구 Vol.12 No.-

The issue of creativity in the artistic area, in that more original words of art must be created as compared to other area, has been long regarded as an important theme. This paper discusses the implicit significance of the concept `visual thinking` in artistic creativity. For this purpose, this paper presents four questions that can promote the understanding of artistic creativity. The first question is on difference between process of problem solving and processes of creative problem solving. The second question discusses whether creative process is achieved gradually or suddenly. The role of unconsciousness in creativity is being discussed by the third question, and finally, the topic of whether mental image can facilitate artistic creativity` is dealt with. This paper attempts to present characteristics of artistic creativity by discussing the four mentioned problems in the point of view of the concept `visual thinking`

J.J. Gibson의 생태학적 지각이론과 그림이해: R. Arnheim의 이론과 비교분석을 통하여

이모영 ( Mo Young Lee ) 한국미학예술학회 2004 미학예술학연구 Vol.19 No.-

예술적 창조성과 시각적 사고: 예술창조 과정에 관한 심리학적 연구

이모영 ( Mo Young Lee ) 한국미학예술학회 2006 미학예술학연구 Vol.23 No.-

This paper was intended to investigate into the importance of visual thinking in the process of creating artworks. In detail, the main characteristics of the process of creating artworks were analyzed on the basis of the `self reports` made by a number of artists. According to the results, the process of creating artworks arises unconsciously, automatically, and abruptly for the most part, and it is then adjusted and controlled by perceptual images rather than linguistic concepts. In contrast, numerous cognitive psychologists regard the process of creating artworks as a universal, cognitive process as well as an intentional, rational process based on professional knowledge and systematic search. Nevertheless, such analyses are subject to a number of biases in that they oversimplify the complex mental phenomena involved in the process of creating artworks within the frame of the cognitive psychological principles. A recent neuroscience research has demonstrated a new type of thinking which acts quite differently from a logical investigation based on professional knowledge. According to this study, the left hemisphere of the human brain carries out an analytic processing of the detailed characteristics of an image whereas the right hemisphere executes an synthetic, simultaneous processing of the structural characteristics of a spatial relationship. Such processing by the right hemisphere manifests numerous characteristics identical to those of the process of visually processing information. Visual thinking helps avoid a mechanical use of an algorithm stemming from linguistic concepts, and are very much effective for reorganizing problems in that they facilitate a dynamic conversion of given elements, considering the constituent elements simultaneously as well as comprehensively with use of a visual image as a medium. Therefore, it is inferred that visual thinking helps conceptualize new ideas for an artwork, playing an important role in the process of creating artworks, which are expected to be a harmonious, coherent entity.

미적 경험에 관한 다차원 통합모델

이모영(Mo Young Lee) 한국미학예술학회 2002 미학예술학연구 Vol.15 No.-

This paper aims to provide a psychologically multi-dimensional integrative model that can give a comprehensive account for human aesthetic experiences. Most of the previous studies on psychological approaches to the aesthetic experiences have focused on analyzing the relationship between physical attributes of objects and aesthetic experiences on the objects. These previous studies, however, have failed to take into account various aspects of human aesthetic experiences, simply providing the limited understanding of them In order that the theory of art psychology can have more explanatory power for the human aesthetic experiences, it should be able to account for not only the aesthetic responses drawn from a combination of colors and forms but also those drawn from associations and symbolic meanings that are generated from objects represented in a painting. The present study provides an Integrative model that Is based on the process of human understanding of aesthetic objects and that integrates a variety of conventional models proposed in the previous studies on human aesthetic experiences. This new model consists of three dimensions: sensory, reflexive and reflective dimensions.

예술에 대한 심리학적 접근: 시지각의 문제

이모영 ( Mo Young Lee ) 한국미학예술학회 2008 미학예술학연구 Vol.27 No.-

예술과 인지의 경계 -이미지의 인지적 기능을 중심으로-

이모영 ( Mo Young Lee ) 한국미학예술학회 2015 미학예술학연구 Vol.43 No.-

The idea that art can function as a method of cognition does not have a clear base in the history of learning. Generally, art has been considered as subjective, decorative, and emotional regarding its characteristics. At least it has been considered as a method of understanding and communication that is irrelevant to epistemological issues in the mainstream thought of the modern academics which are dominated by scientific thought. As a result, the important of art is not fully recognized in the scene of academics and education although art is in fact closely related with our lives. However, great changes are taking place in this view recently. The advancement of the information and communication technology of the 21st century enabled the processing of images and thereby reviving the basic communication method man who understands and communicates through images. As people became capable of accessing the knowledge they need in real time through internet search, having great knowledge no longer became the criterion for competitive strength as a means to differentiate one from others. Therefore, people wish to create new knowledge, experience things in different ways, and also experience meaning and impression rather than simply obtaining knowledge. Art is becoming more and more important along with such changes in the cultural trend. The importance of the workings of the mind such as feeling beauty from an object, feeling impressed, feeling sympathy with other people``s pain and feeling the sentiment of pity, and thinking creatively with exuberant imagination is gradually growing in our lives. This type of change in trend is becoming a chance to pay attention to art as a method of understanding and communication, and the need for shedding new light on man``s method of cognition which is to understand things by directly seeing, hearing, touching, and experiencing them, the most natural method of cognition of man, is rising. For such reasons, this study analyzed the issue of the border between art and cognition focussing on the cognitive function of the image. As a result, art appeared to perform a very important function for our knowing as a form of cognition. Art lets people to express what cannot be explained in words or what is difficult to explain, give attention to objects in new methods, and unleash and reconstruct ideas. Art also moves our minds to enable emphatic understanding and act based on it to intensify the practical tendency of knowledge and communicate with it and plays an important function in eliminating social conflict. The result of this study about art as a method of cognition is expected to make a great contribution to the expanding of understanding about human cognition as well as art and also to the advancement of knowledge by expanding the prospect of research in various academic disciplines. Moreover, if it is a fact that art is closely related with cognition and man``s understanding is greatly influenced by the cognitive function of art, then a great change would take place in learning and also life. There would be a change in the intellectualist education system, and alternative methods could be discussed in the field of treatment that deals with the health and psychological issue of man. Especially, it would be possible to contribute much to the intensification of art and art education by revealing that art can carry out a very important function as a form of cognition that understands and constitutes life.