프랑스의 기업위원회

이달휴 청주대학교 법학연구소 1998 法學論集 Vol.14 No.-

근로자의 자살과 산재인정

이달휴 한국비교노동법학회 2009 노동법논총 Vol.17 No.-

In modern society, it much appears for workers to a mental disability because of stress and overwork. It is the key problem whether suicide caused by work stress and overwork of workers is accepted to the 'industrial accident' or not. Industrial injuries compensation system in korea, only suicide in the statue of the mental disability is accepted by authorities agency to the industrial injury. And suicide caused by the overwork will be accepted to the 'industrial injury' only if it would have caused by his or her employment. It is not important whether he or she is situated on a mental disability. It is more important to prevent workers from suicide than post remedy. Therefore, the employer should notice a mental and physical health of the workers to prevent the suicide caused by employment.

산업재해보상보험법상 구상권의 본질과 제3자로서의 공무원 -대법원 2003. 12. 26. 선고 2003다13307 판결을 중심으로-

이달휴 충북대학교 법학연구소 2017 法學硏究 Vol.28 No.2

The Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act is enacted to ensure the welfare of the employees and their families who were injured because of his work. Unlike other social insurance systems, the employer pay the entire insurance premium. This is a representation of the damage function in the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act In case an employee is injured by a third party in the process of working, Korea Labor Welfare Corporation pays the worker for industrial insurance benefits and subrogates the right of the worker to file a damage claim against the third party within the limits of the benefit amount based on the article 87 of the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act. Thought the article 87 of the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act is stipulated in the name of the right to demand a reimbursement, the essence of the article 87 is the subrogating right. the coverage of the third party as the requisite for claim for reimbursement should be studied for the exercise of the right to demand a reimbursement. The Supreme Court hold that a civil servant is not included in this coverage of the third party in the subrogating right but local government is included in that. It is studied that the verdict of the Supreme Court is wrong because local government is not included and civil servant is included in that. The ground of theory is that the verdict conflict with the principle of liability insurance as the legal nature of the Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Act.

사회통합의 개념에 있어서 다양성의 의미

이달휴 한국사회법학회 2019 社會法硏究 Vol.0 No.37

사회는 인간들의 모임이다. 이러한 모임에는 서로 의견이 상이한 부분이 있다. 이러한 다른 의견들이 심화되면 갈등이 생기고 종국에는 분열로 나아간다. 따라서 이러한 갈등이 분열로 나아가지 못하도록 사회통합을 이루어야 한다. 사회통합의 개념에 다양성이 포함되어 있고, 이러한 다양성의 의미를 인식할 필요가 있기 때문에 본 논문에서 다양성이 어떤 의미를 가지는가를 살펴보았다. 즉 인간의 이성은 인간이 존재하는 한 본능적으로 기능하고 있다. 부연하면 인간의 이성을 어떤 사물을 비교・구분하는 능력이면서 자기애라고 하였을 때 비교・구분하는 어떤 기준에 의하여 자동적으로 계층이 발생한다. 이에 존재하는 계층을 어떻게 통합시키는가의 문제가 나타나며 이를 위하여 우선 사회통합의 개념에 내포되어 있는 다양성의 의미를 강조한 social cohesion이라는 사회통합의 개념을 살펴보았다. 역으로 다양성이 매우 중요하기 때문에 사회통합의 개념은 social cohesion이 되어야 한다. 그리고 이러한 사회통합의 개념에 나타난 다양성의 의미에 근거하여 국가가 사회통합을 위한 제도적 장치를 둘 때 중앙집권식 방법이 아닌 유연적 사회통합의 방식을 선택하여야 한다는 것을 강조하였다. 그리고 구체적으로 갈등유형을 지역갈등, 계층갈등, 이념갈등, 세대갈등으로 나누어서 이러한 구체적인 갈등유형에 따라 다양성의 의미가 어떻게 나타나며 어떻게 볼 것인가를 연구하였다. 이성을 가진 인간의 모임인 사회에는 다양한 생각이나 행동이 있으며, 이러한 다양성은 원칙적으로 사회생명력의 초석이 된다. 그러나 현실적인 측면에서 보면 다양성만 있고 통일성이 없는 사회는 갈등이 증폭될 가능성이 있고 종국에는 분열되어 그 사회는 사라질 가능성이 존재한다. 따라서 다양성 속에 통일성이 존재하여야 하며 역으로 통일성 속에 다양성이 존재해 야 한다. 그 통일성을 이루는 가장 중요한 조건은 어떤 곳의 어떠한 시기이든 모든 제도는 너와 나라는 인간 존엄성의 실현을 위한 제도여야 한다는 것이다. 즉 사랑이나 자유 또는 공정, 정의라는 것도 인간 존엄성의 실현을 위해 존재하는 것이지 그 자체를 목적으로 하여 존재하는 것은 아니다. 따라서 인간 존엄성의 실현을 위해서 다양한 사고가 존재할 수 있으며, 이러한 다양한 사고는 인간 모임인 사회를 지속시키면서 즐겁게 해주는 요소이기 때문에 다양한 생각이나 행동을 배려하면서 적극적으로 수용하는 자세가 사회통합의 개념과 조화를 이룬다고 할 수 있다. Society is a gathering of human beings. There are some differences in opinion in these collectivity. When other opinions get worse in collectivity, conflicts develop and eventually the collectivity moves toward division. It should be an effort for social cohesion to prevent this conflict from moving toward division. The concept of social cohesion includes diversity, and the meaning of diversity is studied in proportion to the necessity. In other words, human reason functions instinctively as long as humans exist. When it comes to the ability to compare and separate human rationally. Social class is automatically created by a criterion for comparative and separate classification. The question arises of how to integrate the existing social class. To solve the problems, the meaning of diversity embedded in the concept of social cohesion was considered. Conversely, since diversity is very important, the concept of social cohesion must be itself.When the State establishes the system for social cohesion based on the meaning of diversity in concept of social cohesion I emphasized that flexible methods should be chosen, not centralized methods. The types of conflict were concretely classified as a regional conflict, class conflict, ideological conflict, and generation conflict and how the meaning of diversity appears in the concrete types of conflict was studied. There are many different ideas and ways of doing in society made up of human being with reason and this diversity is, in principle, the cornerstone of social life. In a realistic sense, a society that is diverse and ununified has the potential to escalate the conflict and eventually disappears. Therefore, unity must exist in diversity and in contrast, diversity must exist in unity.

공무원의 노동3권제한과 공공복리

이달휴 경북대학교 법학연구원 2009 법학논고 Vol.0 No.31

The basic labor right of public servant and public welfare Lee, Dahl Hugh (Associate Professor, School of Kyungpook National University) Constitutional Court decided Act on the Establishment and Operation of Public Officials' Unions based on Article 33 (2) of the Constitution are constitutional. And Constitutional Court decided Anti-Overrestriction Principle is not applied to it. I think Article 33 (2) of the Constitution only provide the limitation of subject on the basic labor right of public servant, and the basic labor right of public servant must be limited by ‘public welfare’ of Article 37 (2) of the Constitution. And we have to know that the concept ‘public welfare’ contain rationality. Therefore it has to accept the element of efficiency for the rationality. By the logic ‘public welfare’ can be constantly accepted. 우리 헌법재판소는 공무원노조법상 공무원의 노동3권 제한에 대해 합헌결정을 내렸다. 그리고 그 근거로 헌법 제33조 제2항을 들면서, 과잉금지원칙이 적용될 여지가 없다고 한다. 그러나 헌법 제33조 제2항은 노동3권 주체에 대한 제한을 말하는 것이며, 내용상 제한은 헌법 제37조 제2항의 공공복리에 의하여 이뤄져야 한다고 생각된다. 그리고 헌법 제37조 제2항의 공공복리의 내용을 파악할 때는 합리성이 고려되어야 하고, 이러한 합리성을 달성하기 위해 효율성의 요소가 적극적으로 도입되어야 한다. 이러한 논리에 따라 공공복리가 지속적으로 인정되는 것이다.

진정노동형법의 법원과 부진정노동형법의 원리

이달휴 한국노동법학회 2001 노동법학 Vol.- No.13

프랑스 단체협약

이달휴 한국노동법학회 1995 노동법학 Vol.- No.5

노사관계의 시대적 방향성

이달휴 한국비교노동법학회 2006 노동법논총 Vol.10 No.-

This times is the unlimited competition era. Nation, company and individual are to be changed for survival in this unlimited era. Especially on the industrial relations, unlimited competition may be regarded as unvoiced war. Under this period state, the industrial relations must be considered to decide what direction it is changed toward. The concept of coexistence between the employer and the employee and policy of mutual harmonization for each development should be accepted to both the employer and the employee. We must recognize that the labor law protects only the person who works for realizing the function of labor. To realize the function of labor, the self determination on the work condition is demanded. Another recognition in protecting of worker, only labor law is not enough. So social security law must be considered together. Under both laws, the policy of industrial relation must be selected. Therefore, First, trade union must be organized by the company union, because the self determination on the work condition works by the way of democracy of trade union. Second, the rate of raise in wage is based on the productivity of labor. Third, the political strike is not permitted, because it is against the basic free and democratic order. Forth, to overcome the period situation, we recognize that the education is the best policy, so company and nation must establish the system to develop manpower.

산재법상 산재후유장애에 대한 업무상 판단과 대책

이달휴 경북대학교 법학연구원 2015 법학논고 Vol.0 No.51

Workers’ compensation act is social insurance that provides cash benefits and(or) medical care for workers who are injured or become ill as a direct result of their job. The problem occurs when physical trauma produce mental injury to injured workers. In other words the problem is if Workers’ compensation law protects injured workers suffering from PTSD from stress or mental pressure after curing their injury. It is difficult for judge the occupational nature of PTSD as the PTSD happens to injured workers out of the multi cause regardless of age after industrial accidents, after a lapse of long period from industrial accidents. The other problem is how the PTSD is judged. The Korean workers’ compensation law have the rule of additional injury and disease compensation pension, compensation for re-medical treatment and general causation between diseases and work for protecting the injured workers. The inferior court intends to solve the work connected of PTSD by applying the rule of additional injury and disease compensation pension. This application of the rule to PTSD is wrong because when PTSD happens to the workers who saw colleague injured. this rule is no more applied. Therefore, PTSD could be protected according to the judgement of work related disease based on the general rule that prescribes the proximate causal relation between disease and work. In America, PTSD of the worker is divided into three forms that are cases in which observable physical trauma causes mental injury, cases in which mental stress or stimulus causes observable physical trauma and cases in which mental stress or stimulus so-called purely mental injuries, that is, injuries unaccompanied by any observable or apparent physical trauma according to the cause of PTSD, PTSD of the injured worker is protected by workers’ compensation system, if PTSD happens out of physical trauma decided as the work related injury. Above all, we try to prevent the PTSD from the physical trauma. The best method is to consider and educate the injured workers for prevention of PTSD. 자본주의 사회에서는 근로자는 노동을 통하여 생활할 수밖에 없다. 그런데 노동을 제공하는 과정에서 근로자에게 예기치 않은 사건이 발생하는 경우가 있다. 그중 하나가 산업재해이다. 이러한 산업재해는 일순간 발생하고 그러한 발생에 의하여 근로자와 그 가족은 무한한 고통과 불행을 당하게 된다. 이러한 산업재해의 하나가 PTSD(Post-traumatic Stress Disorder)이다. 즉 산재법상 산재후유장애인 것이다. 그런데 이러한 산재후유장애에 대하여 산재법의 보호를 받을 수 있는지가 문제된다. 즉 업무상 장해에 해당되는가의 문제가 발생한다. 이를 위해서 PTSD의 개념, 증상, 원인 및 특징을 알 필요가 있다. 산재후유장애는 외상을 직접적으로 당한 근로자뿐만 아니라 그러한 외상을 당하는 근로자를옆에서 지켜본 동료근로자도 발생한다는 특징이 있고, 이를 개념에 포함시켜야 한다. 왜냐하면 이에 따라 산재법상 업무상 판단이 달라질 수 있기 때문이다. 그리고 선진국인 미국에서는 산재후유장애를 어떻게 처리하는지를 살펴보았다. 즉 미국의 Louisiana 주에서 산재법상 PTSD를 3가지 종류로 나누어 외상과 산재후유장애 사이에 인과관계가 인정되면 산재법상 보호를 하며, 다만 주에 따라서 인과관계의 정도를 달리하고 있다는 것을 살펴보았다.

시대변혁기에 있어서 노동법의 역할

이달휴 노동법이론실무학회 2017 노동법포럼 Vol.- No.20

Labor law came into the world to solve the contraction which occurred in the process of Industrial Revolution, that has promoted the development of capitalism. Social changes have changed so far since the labor law appeared. For instance, the social security law directly guarantee the survival rights of the human being, and the national consciousness has changed. Now is the Fourth Industrial Revolution the nature of which deepens the social polarization of labor and society and intensifies the employment crisis. At these times, the role of labor law need to be reconsidered. For this purpose, examining the historical aspects of labor law, I looked at the value of public welfare on the labor law. These descriptions are connected to the constitutional problems which is the basis of the labor law. The contemporary features which affect the labor law and the nature of labormanagement relation that labor law regulates are studied. On this basis, the roles of labor law are divided into three parts. First, the role that labor law realizes employees’dignity through labor. Second, the role that labor law transforms the mutual oppositive relationship between labor and management into the union of workers and their users. Third, the role that labor law promotes the public welfare. The purpose of labor law was presented to serve the roles of labor law. The dismissal of workers with low performance, the problems of temporary employee and the labor court at issue were considered on these grounds