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이경주 고요아침 2021 한국동시조 Vol.- No.18

중성자 에너지 측정을 위한 NE213-PSD 장치의 감응 분석

이경주,Lee, Kyung-Ju 한국분석과학회 1992 분석과학 Vol.5 No.4

방사선 중성자 선원의 에너지 스펙트럼을 측정하기 위하여 액체 섬광 검출기(NE213)와 펄스모형 분리장치를 감마선 선원과 중성자 선원을 이용하여 그 감응 특성을 분석하였다. Am-Be 선원을 이용하여 이 장치에 대한 "Figure of Merit"을 측정한 결과 1.13 이었다. 이 값은 단색 에너지 중성자 선원인 $^{12}C(d,\;n)^{13}N$에서의 1.3 과 상당히 유사한 값을 보여 준다. NE213-PSD 장치의 성능 시험을 위한 이 실험결과는 중성자-감마 혼합 방사선장에서 스펙트럼의 측정과 중성자 에너지 스펙트럼과 속밀도 측정표준을 확립하는 데 기술적으로 유용하게 쓰일 것이다. In order to measure the energy spectrum of a radioactive neutron source, the pulse shape discrimination (PSD) system with organic scintillator, NE-213, was characterized by using some of the gamma ray sources and neutron source, Am-Be. The figure of merit of the rise time spectrum of AmBe source measured by this system was about 1.13. This value agrees well with the value of 1.3 which is measured for monoenergetic source, $^{12}C(d,\;n)^{13}N$. The results of present experiment for performance test of NE213-PSD system will provide the useful technique to measure the spectrum of neutron-gamma mixed field and to establish the neutron energy spectrum and flux density standards.

북한지역 고려 후기 금동불 연구 -중대형 금동불을 중심으로-

이경주 미술사연구회 2018 미술사연구 Vol.- No.35

고려 후기는 13세기 몽고(蒙古)와의 치열한 전쟁이 끝나고 개경(開京)으로 환도한 1270년부터 고려가 멸망하는 1392년까지의 시기에 해당된다. 이 시기에는 왕실은 물론 관료층과 민간의 적극적인 불사 후원과 사원경제의 발달, 공덕사상(功德思想)이 발전함에 따라 많은 불상이 조성되었다. 현재까지 확인된 불상은 여말선초(麗末鮮初)의 사례를 포함하여 대략 140 여점 내외의 비교적 많은 작품이 남아 있다. 특히 고려 후기는 고려 왕실과 원(元) 황실의 지속적인 혼인은 물론 원 라마교(喇嘛敎) 승려의 입국, 기황후(奇皇后)의 금강산 장안사(長安寺) 불사 후원과 같이 양국 간에 정치, 경제, 문화 전반에 걸쳐 밀접한 관계를 형성하고 있음에도 불구하고 불상은 이전 시기부터 계승된 전통적인 불상 양식이 주류를 형성한다는 특징을 보인다. 본 논고는 고려 후기 불상 가운데 북한지역에 남아있는 금동불의 현황과 특징에 주목하였다. 현재 북한지역에는 약 9구의 불상이 확인되는데 재료적으로는 대부분 금동(金銅)으로 제작된 상이다. 또한, 지역적으로는 고려시대 북계(北界)지역에 해당하는 평안도(平安道)에 3구, 서해도(西海道)에 해당하는 황해도(黃海道)에 5구, 강원도 지역에 1구의 상이 남아있어 수도인 개경 이북 지역임을 알 수 있다. 이들 상의 형식은 변형통견식(變形通肩式)의 대의(大衣)를 입은 방식 등 고려 후기 불상의 전형적인 형식을 따르고 있으면서도 특히 1346년 충청도(忠淸道) 지역에서 제작된 청양 장곡사 금동약사여래좌상(靑陽 長谷寺 金銅藥師如來坐像)과 서산 문수사 금동아미타여래좌상(瑞山 文殊寺 金銅阿彌陀如來坐像)과 형식적으로 매우 유사한 모습을 보인다. 즉, 얼굴과 신체의 균형 잡힌 비례를 비롯하여 갸름한 얼굴과 온화한 표정, 허리를 곧추 세우고 정면을 응시하는 자세에서 동일한 모습이다. 또한, 복부의 정교한 띠매듭의 표현과 왼쪽가슴에서 승기지(僧祇支)를 고정하는 장치인 금구장식(金具裝飾), 양쪽 무릎에 형성된 원형의 주름 등 세부 형식 역시 14세기 금동불과 비슷하게 표현되어 있다. 따라서 북한지역 불상은 장곡사, 문수상과 같이 14세기 중엽의 연대를 알 수 있는 충청도 지역의 불상 유형과 유사한 형식을 공유하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 특징은 14세기 이전에 제작된 서울 개운사 목조아미타여래좌상(서울 開運寺 木造阿彌陀如來坐像, 1274년 중수), 서산 개심사 목조아미타여래좌상(瑞山 開心寺 木造阿彌陀如來坐像, 1280년 중수)과 같이 상체를 앞으로 숙인 듯한 자세와 양감이 풍부한 얼굴, 번잡한 대의 주름과는 뚜렷하게 구별되는 특징이라 할 수 있다. 다만, 장곡사나 문수사상에 비해 상이 크고 당당한 자세를 보인다는 점과 세부 표현이 보다 정교하다는 점에서 장곡사, 문수사상보다는 다소 앞선 14세기 전반에 제작된 것으로 추정된다. 북한지역 불상에서 보이는 특징은 주로 고려 중기 遼(916~1125)에서 유입된 요소들이 고려화(高麗化)되어 나타난 것으로 볼 수 있다. 중국 산서성(山西省) 대동(大同, Dàtóng)의 하화엄사(下華嚴寺) 소조삼세불이나 미국 넬슨갤러리(Nelson Gallery of Art) 소장 금동아미타여래좌상의 사례에서 볼 수 있듯이 북한지역 불상은 근본적으로 고려 중기 요의 불상요소를 고려적으로 변용한 것을 수 있다. 특히, 북한지역 불상은 이러한 요소를 더 강하게 반영하고 있는데 이는 전통적으로 북방지역과 인접한 지리적인 특성상 ... The late Goryeo period is defined as lasting from 1270, when Goryeo's fierce war with theMongols ended and the country's royal court returned to the capital, Gaegyeong, to the fall of theGoryeo dynasty in 1392. A large number of Buddha statues was produced during this period, due toactive financing of Buddhist ceremonies by the royal court, the official classes and the general public;the development of temple-based economies; and the development of the ideology of “merit andvirtue” (功德). So far, approximately 140 statues – a relatively large number – have been discovered,including examples dating from the Goryeo-Joseon transition period. The late Goryeo period was marked by close political, economic and cultural ties betweenGoryeo and Yuan, including ongoing marriage between the royal and imperial families, the arrival ofLamaist Yuan monks in Goryeo, and the financing of Buddhist ceremonies at Jangansa Temple atMt. Geumgang by Empress Gi. Despite this, most Goryeo Buddha statues from this time continuethe stylistic traditions of earlier Goryeo. This study focuses on the background to and characteristics of extant late-Goryeo gilt bronzeBuddha statues that originated in the northern Goryeo region that is now North Korea. Currently,approximately nine such Buddha statues have been identified as originating from this area; most ofthese are made of gilt bronze. In terms of region, three of the nine statues are from today'sPyongan-do Province, which corresponds to Goryeo's Bukgye region, while five are fromHwanghae-do Province, corresponding to Goryeo's Seohae-do region, and one from today'sGangwon-do region: all of these areas are located to the north of the Goryeo capital, Gaegyeong. In terms of form, these statues show characteristics typical of the late-Goryeo period, such as thebyeonhyeong tonggyeon (變形通肩) samghati configuration, whereby the main robe is draped overboth shoulders and an additional robe in a half-moon shape is placed over the right shoulder. Theyare particularly similar in terms of style to two Buddha statues produced in 1346 in today'sChungcheong-do Province: the seated gilt bronze Bhaisajyaguru (Medicine Buddha) at JanggoksaTemple in Cheongyang and the seated gilt bronze Amitabha Buddha at Munsusa Temple in Seosan. These two statues are the same as the northern Goryeo Buddhas in terms of the balancedproportions of their faces and bodies, their slender faces and mild expressions, and the way they situpright, facing forward. They also show similarities to 14th-century gilt bronze Buddha statues in terms of stylistic detail, including the elaborate belt knots on their bellies, the ornamental gold pinsused to fix their undergarments on the left side of their chests, and the round folds formed onboth their knees. This tells us that the northern Goryeo Buddhas share formal characteristics withthe Buddhas at Janggoksa and Munsusa, which are known to have been produced in the mid-14thcentury. These characteristics differ distinctly from those of statues produced before the 14th century, suchas the seated wooden Amitabha Buddhas at Gaeunsa Temple in Seoul (restored in 1274) and atGaesimsa Temple in Seosan (restored in 1280). Features of the latter include postures in which theupper body appears to lean forward, full faces, and complex robe creases. However, the northernGoryeo Buddhas are presumed to have been produced in theearly 14th century, before those atJanggoksa and Munsusa, because of their relatively large sizes, dignified postures and finer level ofdetail. The characteristics of the northern Goryeo Buddha statues that originate can be seen asnaturalized manifestations of elements generally introduced from the Liao Dynasty (916~1125) in themid-Goryeo period. As shown by the molded statues of the Buddhas of the Three Worlds at thelower monastery at Huayan Temple in Datong, Shanxi Province, China, and the seated gilt bronzeAmitabha Buddha housed at the Nelson Gallery of Art in the Un...

한국손해보험 경영평가의 문제점과 개선방향

李炅周 홍익대학교 경제연구소 1998 經濟硏究 Vol.13 No.-

HMG CoA-reductase inhibitors를 복용하는 환자의 잠재적 약물상호작용 연구

이경주,김경림,성재민,유승완,이현윤,조세경,정예지,남기남,이유정 한국임상약학회 2020 한국임상약학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Objective: The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are frequently prescribed medications worldwide for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Statins are considered to be well tolerated; however, they have a potential for myotoxicity. Concomitant drugs that inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 can increase the concentration of statins and thus the risk of developing myotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors associated with potential drug-drug interactions in patients receiving statins. Methods: The subjects of this study were patients aged more than 18 years who received at least one prescription of statins in a general hospital located in Chuncheon-si, Korea, between January 1, 2018, and March 31, 2018. Data regarding statin use and baseline characteristics was collected from the computerized hospital database. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with potential drug-drug interactions. Results: A total of 1061 patients were finally included in the study. The incidence of potential drug-drug interactions was 45% in all subjects. According to the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis, myocardial infarction as the indication of statin, arrhythmia or heart failure as a comorbidity, and aspartate aminotransferase levels higher than 40 IU/L were significant risk factors for potential drug-drug interactions in study subjects. Diltiazem was the most commonly co-prescribed drug that caused potential drug-drug interactions with statins. Conclusion: There was a considerable rate of potential drug-drug interactions in patients receiving statins. Health care professionals should attempt to reduce potential drug-drug interactions during statin administration.

관광지 소기업의 사회적 자본이 경영성과에 미치는 직접효과와 경영자의 자기효능감이 가지는 매개효과 분석: 강원도 정선지역 상권을 중심으로

이경주,이소윤 한국관광진흥학회 2022 관광진흥연구 Vol.10 No.3

Development of tourism destinations is a critical driver of regional and national economic growth. The performance of micro-firms in tourism destinations is deeply associated with service quality perceived by tourists, strongly influencing the competitiveness of tourism destination and promoting tourist loyalty to the destination. To understand the performance of micro-firms, exiting literature in tourism and hospitality has adopted various business and management perspectives, such as personal characteristics of managers, organizational resources and capabilities, and business environment. Despite the theoretical diversity, the previous studies have relied heavily on theories in business and management studies. To overcome the limitation, this study adopts sociological perspective to predict the performance of micro-firms in tourism destination. This study proposes a structural equation model in which micro-firms’ social capital has a positive effect on performance and the managers’ self-efficacy mediates the relationship between social capital and performance. For an empirical analysis, this study performed a survey of 205 micro-firms in Jeongseon-gun, Gangwon-do Province in South Korea and carried out hypothesis tests. The analysis results found that the social capital has a positive and significant impact on the performance. Furthermore, this research shows that the self-efficacy of managers has a full mediation effect on the relationship, suggesting that the managers’ self-efficacy is the critical path that connects micro-firms’ social capital and performance.

생물반응기를 이용한 적하수오 부정근의 바이오매스와 생리활성물질 대량생산

이경주,박영기,김자영,정택규,윤경섭,백기엽,박소영 한국식물생명공학회 2015 식물생명공학회지 Vol.42 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate theproductivity of biomass and antioxidant compounds in Polygonummultiflorum by culturing explants in air-lift bioreactor containingMurashige and Skoog (MS) medium, by adding differentconcentrations of auxins [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) andnaphthalene acetic acid (NAA)], sucrose, methyl jasmonate(MeJA), and salicylic acid (SA). Results of this studyrevealed that the explants culturing on the medium supplementedwith 9.84 μM IBA and 50 g/L sucrose wereobserved to have higher productivity of biomass and bioactivecompound than other treatments used. Thus, we expect thatthese results will be helpful for large-scale production ofbiomass and antioxidant compounds from Polygonum multiflorum.

Chromothripsis in Treatment Resistance in Multiple Myeloma

이경주,이기홍,윤경아,손지연,이은영,이혜원,엄현석,공선영 한국유전체학회 2017 Genomics & informatics Vol.15 No.3

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease caused by an abnormal proliferation of plasma cells, of which the prognostic factors include chromosomal abnormality, β-2 microglobulin, and albumin. Recently, the term chromothripsis has emerged, which is the massive but highly localized chromosomal rearrangement in response to a one-step catastrophic event. Many studies have shown an association of chromothripsis with the prognosis in several cancers; however, few studies have investigated it in MM. Here, we studied the association between chromothripsis-like patterns and treatment resistance or prognosis. First, we analyzed nine MM cell lines (U266, MM.1S, RPMI8226, KMS-11, KMS-12-BM, KMS-12-PE, KMS-28-BM, KMS-28-PE, and NCI-H929) and bone marrow samples of four patients who were diagnosed with MM by next-generation sequencing-based copy number variation analysis. The frequency of the chromothripsis-like pattern was observed in seven cell lines. We analyzed the treatment-induced chromothripsis-like patterns in KMS-12-BM and KMS-12-PE cells. As a result, breakpoints and chromothripsis-like patterns were increased after drug treatment in the relatively resistant KMS-12-BM. We further analyzed the patients’ results according to the therapeutic response, which was divided into sensitive and resistant, as suggested by the International Myeloma Working Group. The chromothripsis-like pattern was more frequently observed in the resistant group. In the sensitive group, the frequency of the chromothripsis-like pattern decreased after treatment, whereas the resistant group showed increased chromothripsis-like patterns after the treatment. These results suggest that the chromothripsis-like pattern is associated with treatment response in MM.

공간현상 분석을 위한 GIS 기반의 공간통계적 접근방법에 관한 고찰 : 공간 군집지역 탐색을 위한 공간검색통계량의 실증적 사례분석

이경주,권일 대한공간정보학회 2012 Spatial Information Research Vol.20 No.1

When analyzing geographical phenomena, two properties need to be considered. One is the spatial dependence structure and the other is a variation or an uncertainty inhibited in a geographic space. Two problems are encountered due to the properties. Firstly, spatial dependence structure, which is conceptualized as spatial autocorrelation, generates heterogeneous geographic landscape in a spatial process. Secondly, generic statistics, although suitable for dealing with stochastic uncertainty, tacitly ignores location information implicit in spatial data. GIS is a versatile tool for manipulating locational information, while spatial statistics are suitable for investigating spatial uncertainty. Therefore, integrating spatial statistics to GIS is considered as a plausible strategy for appropriately understanding geographic phenomena of interest. Geographic hot-spot analysis is a key tool for identifying abnormal locations in many domains (e.g., criminology, epidemiology, etc.) and is one of the most prominent applications by utilizing the integration strategy. The article aims at reviewing spatial statistical perspective for analyzing spatial processes in the framework of GIS by carrying out empirical analysis. Illustrated is the analysis procedure of using spatial scan statistic for detecting clusters in the framework of GIS. The empirical analysis targets for identifying spatial clusters of breast cancer incidents in Erie and Niagara counties, New York. 지리적 공간상에서 발생하는 대부분의 현상은 서로 인접한 곳에서 유사한 값을 가지는 특성이 있다. 이는 공간자기상관성과 관련이 있으며 공간분석의 존재 이유를 나타내는 개념이다. 또한 지리적 공간상에서 위치에 따라 값의 분포가 다양한 패턴을 보이게 된다. 이러한 패턴은 공간적 변이를 내포하고 있다. 즉, 특정 위치에서 항상 같은 값을 관찰할 수 있다고 단정하기는 불가능하기 때문에 이러한 변이는 본질적으로 확률론적 특성을 지닌다. 이러한 공간자료의 특성들을 무시하고 일반적 통계분석 등을 수행할 경우 공간자기상관성으로 인하여 통계분석에서 가정하는 자료 값들 간 독립성이 위배되고 분석결과는 왜곡될 가능성이 크다. 그러므로 공간자료 분석을 위해서는 공간자기상관성과 확률론적 변이를 적절하게 반영할 수 있는 수단이 필요하다. GIS는 공간적 위치정보를 처리하는데 적합하고 공간통계학은 공간적 변이를 다루는데 유용하다. 따라서 GIS를 기반으로 공간통계학을 통합하는 분석방식은 공간자료의 특성들을 고려하여 유의미한 분석을 하기에 적합한 장점이 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 공간자료 분석에 있어서 공간통계학과 GIS를 결합하는 접근방식의 유용성을 논의하고 실증적 사례분석을 통하여 구체적 활용성을 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위하여 공간통계학을 주요 방법론으로 활용하는 공간역학(spatial epidemiology) 분야를 예시적으로 살펴보았다. 구체적으로는 공간검색통계량을 이용하여 미국 Erie 및 Niagara 카운티(New York 주) 내의 유방암 발생의 공간적 군집패턴 분석 논의하였다.

한국 보험산업의 발전과 규제완화 방향

李炅周 홍익대학교 경제연구소 1997 經濟硏究 Vol.12 No.-