스포츠 심리학 : 인지적 능력이 탁구경기 수행의 숙련도에 미치는 영향

이강헌(KangHunLee) 한국체육학회 1997 한국체육학회지 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구는 탁구경기의 숙련도와 관련이 있는 인지적 요인을 찾으려는 것이다. 구체적으로 단순 및 선택반응시간과 동작시간, 재배열 능력, 운동에 관한 지식, 주의 집중력단기 그리고 단기 기억력 등의 인지적 요인이 탁구경기의 숙련도에 미치는 영향을 규명한 것이다.본 연구의 대상은 여자탁구선수 60명으로서, 14-18세의 여고선수 30명과 19-25세의 대학 및 일반 선수 30명이며, 이들은 각각 숙련자 15명과 비숙련자 15명으로 구분되었다. 각 요인별로 측정된 자료는 일차적으로 측정의 신뢰도 문제를 검토한 후 각 집단별로 분류하여 평균과 표준편차를 산출하고 도표화하였다. 또한 집단간의 평균차를 검증하기 위하여 2원 변량분석을 실시하였으며 상호작용효과가 있을 때에는 별도의 분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다.숙련도가 높은 집단은 동작시간과 탁구에 대한 지식 그리고 주의집중력이 우수하였으나 반응시간과 재배열 능력 그리고 단기기억력은 숙련도에 따라 의미있는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 반응시간과 스매시 동작의 재배열 정확성은 연령이 높은 집단이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 전체적으로 본 연구는 인지적 능력과 숙련도의 관계를 부분적으로 증명하였다고 볼 수 있다. 그러나 향후의 연구에서는 보다 과제와 관련된 인지적 요인을 통하여 숙련자의 특성을 찾으려는 노력이 필요하다고 보여진다. The Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive abilities on expertise in table tennis games. Sixty female table tennis players were selected as subjects and assigned to age(14-18 years and 19-25 years) and expertise(elete and intermediate group) in table tennis. Simple and choice reaction time(RT), movement time(MT), resequencing performance, table tennis knowledge, concentration, working memory were used to test the selected cognitive factors. Two-way ANOVA was employed for the analysis.Expert players of both age groups possessed faster MT, more table tennis kowledge and concentration ability. Older players was found to be Faster RT and more accurate in smash resequencing than younger players.

스포츠사회학 : 해군사관생도의 체육활동 참여와 여가만족의 관계

조춘환(ChunHwanCho),이강헌(KangHunLee) 한국체육학회 2002 한국체육학회지 Vol.41 No.2

It is common opinion that physical activity is a useful leisure activity which has mental, socio-cultural value as well as physical value of midshipmen. Therefore, we may can say that physical activity contribute to the improvement of leisure and life satisfaction through answering one's physiological, psychological, social need and being in charge of the role which gives enjoyment and the chance of happy life.And this study was to promote the physical strength, emotional sound, and leisure opportunity of midshipmen through the examination the relationship between participation in physical activity and leisure satisfaction.To accomplish the goal of this study researcher sampled the 498 midshipmen as a subject of this study and used the questionnaire study method.The method of statistics used to analyze the collected data are covariance analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis.The results of this study is as follows;1. There is a close relationship between the grade of year and leisure satisfaction, and it increase to the grade of year of midshipmen.2. There is a close relationship between physical activity and leisure satisfaction.3. The leisure satisfaction is in proportion to strength, frequency, period, and the time required of participation on the physical activity.4. There is a close causal correlations between the degree of participation on physical activity and leisure satisfaction.

무용: 무용유형과 학교급별 여자무용수들의 공연전 상태불안

김미경(MiKyungKim),이강헌(KangHunLee) 한국체육학회 2002 한국체육학회지 Vol.41 No.5

This study was designed to find out that how much women dancers feel state anxiety (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, self-confidence) before performance, and that how the level of the anxiety differs in terms of dance style and school level. For this purpose, a total of 164 students, who participated in the 5th National Dance Competition for Elementary, Middle and High Schools, were sampled, which were compose of 74 students of middle (korean dance: 24, ballet; 30, modern dance: 20), 90 students of high school (korean dance: 30, ballet: 30, modern dance: 30). Following findings could be obtained by conducting 2-way ANOVA according to each causation of anxiety after means and standard deviation between dance style and school level, with measured data. This study was used by Park, hyun-suk’s competitive state anxiety scale developed by Martens(1990).1. Cognitive anxiety tended to be increasing when the age was lowering in school level, but there is not specific cognitive anxiety concerning styles of dance. It appers, however, that there are not interactive effects between the style and the school level.2. There are specific differences in ballet, contrasted to korean dance or modern dance, concerning somatic anxiety, and it appears that there are not interactive effects between dance style and school level, while middle school students show specific differences in school level.3. There are not differences between school level both in dance style and school level concerning self-confidence.

인문,사회과학편 : 중학생의 체육수업 선호요인 검사지 개발

진국희(GukHeeJin),이강헌(KangHunLee) 한국체육학회 2006 한국체육학회지 Vol.45 No.1

The purpose of this study was to developed preference factor inventory of Physical Education class for Middle School students. An open-ended questionaries survey, a preliminary study and a main study were conducted to achieve this aim.Middle school students(300 boys, 300 girls) responded an open-ended questionaries survey regarding the preference factors in P.E. and the results were classified as positive and negative factors. An inductive content analysis of the responses resulted in 1,706 cases of positive aspect. The data were grouped into 18 specific domains and the 18 domains were categorized into 6 general domains again; ① freedom of activities ② enjoyment of movement, ③ promotion of health and fitness ④ satisfaction with a teacher ⑤ learning skills and gaining achievement ⑥ others. An inductive content analysis of the responses resulted in 1,989 cases of negative aspect. The data were grouped into 17 specific items and the specific items were categorized into 6 general domains; ① conditions of environment ② dissatisfaction with teacher ③ loss of interest and motivation ④ dissatisfaction with P.E. and tests ⑤ lack of seif-confidence ⑥ others. Based on the results of the content analysis, 75 preliminary measures were drawn and 480 middle school students were questioned for the preliminary survey. Through descriptive statistics, a reliability analysis, an exploratory factor analysis, 39 questions on preference factor for P.E were decided to adopt for the tool of this analysis. The inventory contains six subordinate factors; ① fitness and skills, ② lack of tests and seif-confidence, ③ dissatisfaction with a teacher, ④ satisfaction with a teacher ⑤ freedom of activities ⑥ conditions of environment. The suitability of the questionaries were demonstrated by confirmatory analysis.

스포츠심리학 : 목표설정 난이도가 중학생의 높이뛰기 수행과 내적동기에 미치는 영향

박정호(JeongHoPark),이강헌(KangHunLee) 한국체육학회 2002 한국체육학회지 Vol.41 No.2

The purpose of this study was to find out that how much the difficulty of a goal given can affect a middle school student's performance of jumping up and an intrinsic motivation. The test was done by the 120 middle school students. An each group is composed of 30 members. The students were exercised by jumping up for 6 weeks. For the period, an intrinsic motivation was measured every 3 weeks. A collected data were classified into the difficulty of setting up a goal and the time of measuring it. The gathered information was done by MANOVA, 2-way ANOVA by repeated measure, Contrast Test and SNK multiple Rang Test.First, In the performance of a middle school student's jumping up, the group given a goal(easy, proper, hard) was more excellent than a controlled one. Especially, the enough proper group to achieve a goal was better than the controlled one in the record of jumping up.Second, In the study of an intrinsic motivation at a middle school according the difficultys of goal, the former got a higher point than the latter at interest, capability, and a factor on trial. But we couldn‘t find any difference in the measuring time.Third, In the difficulty of setting up a goal and an intrinsic motivations, a tense factor had not any differences in the difficulty of goal and measuring time.

프로 경륜선수의 스트레스 요인과 대처방안

박광진(KwangJinPark),강우용(WooYongKang),이강헌(KangHunLee),구민재(MinJaeKoo) 한국체육학회 2012 한국체육학회지 Vol.51 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 프로 경륜선수들의 스트레스 요인과 대처방안을 규명하고, 이를 바탕으로 스트레스 요인과 대처방안의 연계성을 밝혀 프로 경륜선수들이 스트레스에 효율적으로 대처하는데 도움을 주는데 있다. 이를 위해 질적 사례연구의 방법을 적용하여 전체 프로경륜선수 588명 중 223명을 대상으로 개방형 설문과 인터뷰 10명, 문헌고찰을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 평상시 스트레스 요인(은퇴 후 진로, 경제적인 요인, 제한된 사회생활, 시합으로 인한 압박감), 시합시 스트레스 요인(성적부진, 시합으로 인한 압박감, 복지, 폐쇄된 입소생활, 선수들과의 관계, 경륜공단), 연습시 스트레스 요인(복지, 컨디션, 가족, 선수들과의 관계)으로 구분되었다. 한편 이를 극복하기 위한 방법으로 과제중심 대처방안(훈련에 전념, 휴식, 자기계발), 정서중심 대처방안(마인드컨트롤, 가족과 시간보내기), 긍정적 회피 대처방안(취미생활, 여가활동, 여행 및 드라이브, 지인과 대화, 기타), 부정적 회피 대처방안(음주가무, 해결방법 없음, 음식)을 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 직업 운동선수인 프로 경륜선수는 아마추어 선수들과는 다른 스트레스 환경에서 생활하기 때문에 특수성을 고려한 스트레스 대처방안이 강구되어야 할 것이며, 이를 위해 스포츠심리상담사의 역할이 중요하게 대두된다. The aim of this study is to define the stressors and coping strategies of professional cycle racers and based on this, this study is trying to help them effectively deal with experienced stresses by revealing the relation between the stressors and coping strategies. For this, the study was analyzed through open-ended questions conducted by a survey of 223 out of 588 professional cycle racers, interview of ten and a review of literature by applying ways of qualitative case study. The analysis showed that usual stressors : career after retirement, economic factors, limited social life, and pressure caused by competitions were in order, And stressors in competitions : poor performance, pressure caused by competitions, welfare, closed barracks life, relationship with professional cycle racers, and Industrial complex for professional cycle racers were in order, And stressors in practice : welfare, body condition, family, and relationship with professional cycle racers were in order. Thus, to overcome these stressors, professional cycle racers used Task-oriented coping strategies : concentration of training, rest, self-development were in order, Emotion-oriented coping strategies : mind control, spending time with family were in order, Affirmative avoidance-oriented coping strategies : interest life, leisure activity, traveling and driving, conversation with acquaintances, and others were in order, Negative avoidance-oriented coping strategies : singing and dancing, no solutions and food were in order. In conclusion, professional cycle racers(professional cycle racers by career) are different from amateur athletes in stressful situations so stress coping strategies considering specialty should be designed to get rid of stressors. I think sport psychology counsellors are helpful in dealing with such factors.