용기(용期)의 보호환경(保護環境)에 따른 불수정란(不受精卵)(웅성불임잠(雄性不妊蠶))의 유발기구(誘發機構)에 관(關)한 조사연구(調査硏究)

윤종관 ( C. K. Yoon ),오준식 ( J. S. Oh ) 한국잠사학회 1973 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.15 No.2

용기의 고온보호가 웅아의 생식력에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 9품종을 공시하여 유충기에는 각시험구 공히 보통육을 하고 화용 후에는 일정기간을 고온(33℃)에 보호하고 여기에 수원 103×수원잠 104의 정상 웅아를 교배하여 교미능력과 조사아수의 산하총란수에 대한 불수정비율 즉 웅성불임상황을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 용기의 고온보호는 상온에 비하여 웅아임의 불화가 현저히 나타나지만 그 출현율은 품종에 따라서 큰 차가 있다. 2) 고온구는 상온구에 비하여 화아상태가 불량하다. 3) 교미능력은 수원잠계통에 비하여 모란 대동 일124 및 중108 등이 불량하다. 4) 외관상 수정능력이 있어 보이는 웅아도 이를 이용한 산하란의 수정상태를 보면 모란, 대동, 일124 및 중108 등에서는 65%내외의 불수정율을 나타냈다. 5) 용의 말기 1일간의 처리구에서는 10%내외의 불수정란율을 나타냈고 2일째 20%내외 3일째 35%내외 4일째 40~60% 5일째 68% 7일째 70%내외에 달하였다. 이러한 사실에 의하여 불임성의 출현양상은 용의 후기보다 큰 영향이 미친다는 것을 알 수 있게 한다. 6) 고온처리 웅아와 교미시키고 5시간이 경과한 웅아에 대하여 그 교미낭과 수정낭내의 정자의 상태를 관찰한 결과 대조구에서는 생식계가 정상적이고 정자량이 풍부하며 운동력도 활발했지만 처리구에서는 정자량이 적고 운동력도 전자에 비하여 완만하였다. 7) 자아의 수정낭내의 정자의 상태를 관찰한바 고온구의 것은 상온구에 비하여 정자의 량과 운동이 약했으며 개체에 따라서는 발견할 수 없는 것도 있다. 8) 웅아교미기의 외부상태 및 교미기의 부속근육 등은 형태학적으로 아무런 이상이 없다. 9) 고온구의 용말기의 정소에서는 무핵정자의 상태까지 분화 발달한 것이 거의 없고 대부분이 성숙분열에서 정자의 세포붕괴를 이르켜 퇴화하고 있지만 이 시기의 대조구에서는 이미 많은 무핵정자가 형성되고 있다. In order to find out effects of the generative power of silk worm moth which have been brought up in the high temperature accommodation at their pupa stage. For this specific study, 9 different kinds of male silk worms have been selected as specimen. All those specimen were brought up in the normal temperature at their larvae stage and after the pupation period they have been accommodated in the condition of high temperature for a certain length in accordance with the study programme. Afterwards, those mlae specimen were copulated with Suwon jam 103×104 which were all brought up in normal conditions. This study was carried out to find the copulation function as well as the ratio of unfertilized eggs(male sterility test). Results of study have been revealed as follows: 1) Although some differences were observed, male pura which have been brought up in the condition of high temperature shown the low rate of unfertilized eggs rather than those were brought up in the normal conpition. 2) In this group the eclosion(emergency) has been found to be poor rather, than those specimen brought up in normal conditions. 3) The copulation function of Moran, Daedong, J124 and C108 specimen were found to be poor than those of Suwon jam. 4) Fertility rate of Moran, Daedong, J124 and C108 was found to be around 65%. This figure is rather lower than what we normally expect. 5) Unfertilized egg ratio of Moran, Daedong and C108 were found to be around 20% if they were brought up in the condition of high temperature for one day from the time of pupation: 40% at 2 days, and 70% at 3 days duration. More than 3 days treatment has shown no progress in the unfertilized egg ratio. 6) One day`s treatment for the pupa at the later stage has shown the unfertilized egg ratio of about 10%; 20% at 2 day`s treatment, 35% at 3 day`s treatment, 40-60% at 4 day`s treatment, more than 60% at 5 day`s treatment, and the 70% of fertilized egg ratio was only observed when the treatment days come to 7 days. It was understood that the unfertilized egg ratio was high at the antepupa stage rather than that of post-pupa stage. 7) According to the result of observation the sperm in copulatory pouch and seminal receptacle out of the normal female silk worm which have been copulated with the male brought up in the condition of high temperature at their moth stage. The reproduction system found in the control zone has been found to be normal and the sperm is amountful and active in motion while the sperm found in the treatment to be limited in amount and slow in motion. The observation was made within 5 hours from the copulation. 8) According to the result of observation of sperm of seminal receptacles of the female silkworm moth, and according to that observation of sperm in the seminal receptacle in female silkworm moth, the amount of sperm and mobility in the female moth brought up in high temperature were poor comparing that were brought up in normal temperature zone. Some of them are even found to be no trace of such. 9) Appearance and mosle of the copulatory organ of the male silkworm moth was found to be no anatomical change. 10) Testis of the later pupa stage which was brought up in the high temperature was found to be almost net developed to anucleate sperm and they are degenerated at stage of between maturation division and sperm abnormal stage. Mean time at control zone, the formation of anucleate sperm was already observed.

자아(雌蛾)의 내부(內部) 생식기내(生殖器內) 수정란(受精卵)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

윤종관 ( C. K. Yoon ),사기언 ( K. Y. Sa ) 한국잠사학회 1971 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.13 No.2

체내 유존난중에 월년난 고유색으로 착색된 것의 유무와 교미를 필한 잠아를 직시처리구와 약간 산란 후 처리구로 구분하여 산란공을 가열한 해부침으로 처리하여 산란을 임의 중절한 다음 일주간을 방치한 후 이를 해부하여 음도 수란관 및 난관기부에 있는 잠란을 각각 채취하여 그 수정여부를 조사 연구한바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 공시아중 불과 5% 내외가 각각 1∼2개의 착색란을 보유하고 있을 뿐더러(Table 1.) 그 착색양상도 월년난고유의 색채가 아니고 난관내 잠란의 일반적인 색채와 약간의 차이가 있는 일종의 이상 착색난에 지나지 않는다. 2. 교미 직후 직시처리구에서는 음도에 잠란이 유입되어 있지 않다. 3. 약간 산란 후 처리구에서는 공시아수의 약 10%에 해당하는 잠아가 음도 또는 수란관에 1개식의 수정란을 보유하고 있다. 4. 교미 직후 처리구에서는 수란관에 공시아의 약 2%에 해당하는 잠아가 1개식의 수정란을 보유하고 있다. 5. 난관에는 전혀 수정란을 발견할 수 없다. 이는 정자가 난관에 까지 진출하지 못하는 것으로 인정하는 것이 타당할 것이다. 6. 교미직후 직시처리구에서는 대부분 잠난이 난관에 위치하고 있지만 약간 산란 후 처리구에서는 산란으로 인하여 잠란의 산란공으로 향한 이동운동이 계속되어 수란관과 음도에 진출되어 있다. 7. 정자는 주로 수정양을 비롯한 음도 근처에 있으면서 이곳을 통과하여 산란공에 향하는 잠란에 부착하므로서 난문을 통하여 난문에 진입하는 것으로 믿어진다. The following results were obtained through the experiments and study of fertility for silkworm eggs in vagina, oviduct, and ovarial base. The sample eggs were collected after leaving silkworm moth for one week from the date of treatment was given to oviporm orifice of the silkworm moth by heated needle in order to discontinue laying eggs. Those sample silkworm moths were divided into two groups. The first group was under the condition of immediately after the couplation and the second group was under the condition of after the laying eggs in some extend, and both of them were completed couplation. The sample eggs were screened in order to confirm the degree of color which normally be observed as very characteristic during hibernating. 1. About 5% of silkworm out of the total sample were identified as having 1-2 eggs. (See table 1). But, the charasteristic colour of hibernating egg was not observed. The colour was not much different as that of eggs in ovarian duct. 2. Immediately after the couplation, the eggs were not found in vagina under the condition of immediately after the couplation. 3. About 10% of the sample under the condition of after laying eggs in some extend were found having eggs in vagina or oviduct. 4. About 2% of the sample silkworm moth under the condition of immediately after the couplation were found having I fertilized egg in oviduct. 5. No fertilized egg was found in ovarian tube. It seemed that sperm did not enter ovarian tube. 6. Almost the entire eggs were found in ovarian tube under the condition of immediately after the couplation. But, eggs under the condition of after laying eggs in some extend were found around oviduct and vagina due to the continuous movement of silkworm eggs towards oviporus orifice. 7. Sperm is mainly found around seminal receptacle and vagina, and sperm goes into micropyle together with silkworm eggs which were moving towards oviduct.