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윤인섭,장환수,임재현,권영삼,장광호 한국임상수의학회 2009 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.26 No.6
The effect of hemorrhage on the electroencephalogram(EEG) was investigated in fifteen mixed-breed dogs anesthetized with ketamine, propofol and isoflurane. Animals were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 5) by anesthetic agents; group 1 (ketamine 5 mg/kg, Ⅳ), group 2 (propofol 156 μg/kg/min, Ⅳ) and group 3 (isoflurane 2.0% end-tidal concentration). Medetomidine (40 μg/kg, IM) was used in all dogs as a preanesthetic agent. Recording electrode for EEG was positioned at CZ. EEG, heart rate, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, pCO2, pO2 and blood pH were measured before anesthesia, after anesthesia and after every bleedings. Three bleedings were accomplished by drawing blood through the femoral artery catheter at a rate of 7 ml/kg (10% of total blood volume) for 10 minutes. In the course of hemorrhage, a systolic/diastolic pressure continuously decreased in all groups. The pCO2 values and heart rates were increased in all groups. The pO2 values were most significantly increased in group 1 compared with those in other groups. The pH values were not significantly changed. On statistical analysis of EEG, there was no significant changes in group 1 and 3. But in group 2, band 3, 4 and 7 were significantly altered after 2nd and 3rd bleeding. Power alterations of band 3, 4 and 7 were thought to be related with hemorrhage over 20% of total blood volume in group 2. In conclusion, the regulation of infusion rate would be considered when a dog, anesthetized with propofol, bleed over 20% of total blood volume.
Global Homotopy Continuation 방식을 이용한 비선형 방정식의 해법
윤인섭,김화용,이강주,한경택 한국화학공학회 1992 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.30 No.1
비선형 방정식의 해를 구하기 위한 강력하고 효율적인 Global Homotopy Continuation 알고리듬을 구현하였다. 기존의 알고리듬을 조합적으로 평가하였으며 이를 근거로 새로운 알고리듬을 제시하였으며 비교적 비선형성이 크고 다중해를 갖는 예제에 대하여 성능 평가를 행하였다. 알고리듬의 가장 큰 특징으로는 해곡선 이탈을 방지할 수 있는 기법과 함께 곡물의 근사식에 기본한 비교적 간단한 적분간격 제어와 신축성있는 수렴정의를 들 수 있다. 알고리듬은 지금까지의 것보다 해곡선 추적성능이 강력하고 우수하였으며 해곡선의 이탈을 쉽게 감지해냄으로써 허용가능한 최대의 적분간격으로 효율적으로 해를 구현할 수 있었다. 또한 이를 이용하여 Newton Homotopy의 성질을 파악한 결과 해곡선은 시작점의 선정에 의하여 척도의 변화(scaling)를 보였으며 해곡선의 형태는 임계점을 전후로 완전히 다른 행태를 보임을 알 수 있었다 An improved Homotopy continuation algorithm for solving nonlinear equations has been developed. The improvement in this algorithm is that in addition to the stepsize control based on approximate curvature of solution path, a technique for preventing the segment jumping is incorporated into stepsize control for the robust path tracking. The flexible convergence criteria based on the determinant of augmented Jacobian is incorporated into the algorithm and it yields more robust and efficient continuation algorithm. The algorithm is tested on several small, but highly nonlinear problems and the results are documented. Also, the characteristics of Newton Homotopy path on selection of starting point have been investigated.