극미량 농도 물질의 측정 및 활성탄 흡착 처리

이성범(Sung Bum Lee),윤여민(Yeo Min Yoon),최창규(Chang Kyoo Choi),정진욱(Jin Wook Jung),이용우(Yong Woo Lee),박세용(Se Yong Park),김문일(Moon Il Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2008 대한환경공학회지 Vol.30 No.9

액체섬광계수기(LSC)를 이용한 극미량의 14C-NDMA의 측정과 이를 이용해 활성탄 흡착 처리 가능성을 알아보았다. 14C-NDMA를 측정하기 위한 시료와 섬광용액은 10:10의 혼합비율로 10분의 측정 시간으로 99.9%의 상관성과 재현성을 보이며 1 ng/L까지의 측정이 가능하였으며, S-A(Sigma-Aldrich co.)와 Dj(Daejung co.)의 분말활성탄을 이용하여 흡착 처리한 결과, 50∼10,000 mg/L의 분말활성탄을 주입하여 90% 이상의 흡착처리가 가능함을 보였다. 또한 S-A가 Dj보다 흡착능이 약 2배 높게 나타났지만, NDMA의 흡착력이 다른 아민 계열의 물질보다 현저하게 낮아 요구되는 분말활성탄의 농도가 높게 요구되었다. Since the difficulty of analysis at low concentration and the uncertainty of the removal mechanism for Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) have been reported, this study has detected extremely low concentration 14C-NDMA using the LSC(Liquid Scintillation Counter) and tested NDMA removal by Powdered Activated Carbon(PAC). The results showed the highest correlation over 99% when samples were measured with the mixture ratio of sample to scintillation liquid of 10:10 and at the detection time of 10 min. For 14C-NDMA removal by the PACs(S-A(Sigma-Aldrich co.) and Dj(Daejung co.)) raging from 50∼10,000 mg/L, 14C-NDMA was removed over 90% by adsorption treatment. In addition, S-A showed twice greater adsorption capacity than that of Dj. However, the required PAC amount for 14C-NDMA removal was higher than that of other amine compounds.

UV Absorbance Ratio Index with Size Exclusion Chromatography (URI-SEC) as an NOM Property Indicator

윤여민(Yeo Min Yoon),허남국(Nam Guk Her),Gary Amy 대한환경공학회 2006 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.12

An advanced approach is presented for identifying and characterizing biopolymers of natural organic matter (NOM) in water samples. It involves a simple method based on a ratio of peak heights of high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) chromatograms based on ultraviolet absorbance (UVA) at 210 nm and 254 nm. The HPSECsystem eliminates inorganic interferences and makes it possible to obtain ratio values associated with organic components as a function of molecular weight (MW). Certain biopolymers show a distinctive ultraviolet absorbance ratio index (URI, UVA(210)/UVA(254)) because they contain different compositional proportions of UV-absorbing functional groups and sp2-hybridized carbon. URI values were found to be the lowest for humic acids (1.59 for a humic acid, highest aromaticity), intermediate for fulvic acids (1.88for a fulvic acid, intermediate aromaticity), and highest for proteins (13.50 for BSA, lowest aromaticity). URI increases with eutrophication of natural waters by the increase of microbially derived components that have a high functional group proportion with a low sp2-hybridized carbon, and increases with ozonation by the cleavage of unsaturated bonds (decrease in unsaturated bonds and increase in functional group proportions).

군날개 수술 후 발생한 괴사성 공막염에 대한 양막이식술의 치료 효과

정진욱 ( Jin Wook Jeoung ) , 윤여민 ( Yeo Min Yoon ) , 이재림 ( Jae Lim Lee ) , 위원량 ( Won Ryang Wee ) , 이진학 ( Jin Hak Lee ) , 김미금 ( Mee Kum Kim ) 대한안과학회 2004 대한안과학회지 Vol.45 No.12

분말활성탄을 이용한 극미량 농도 Nitrosomethylamine의 흡착 제거

이성범,윤여민,최창규,김문일,Lee. Sung-Bum,Yoon. Yeo-Min,Choi. Chang-Kyoo,Kim. Moon-Il 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.1

Recently, the results of vital tissue test showed that nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) as a disinfection by-product (DBP), could be regarded as a carcinogen because a tumor was observed in organs. U.S.EPA indicated 0.7 ng/L as exposure concentration of NDMA based on a risk assessment target with a lifetime cancer risk of <TEX>$10^{-6}$</TEX>. Several recent studies have shown that UV oxidation could remove NDMA. However, UV oxidation is uneconomical and can reform NDMA after treating. In addition, the treatment mechanism of adsorption has not been founddue to the uncertainty of NDMA pathway. In addtion, NDMA has a radioisotope <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-labeled which can be analyzed at low concentration of NDMA by Liquid Scintillation Counter (LSC). This study has investigated NDMA determination using LSC at an extremely low range from 1 to 100 ng/L and NDMA removal by powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption. For <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-NDMA by LSC, the highest correlation over 99% between count number and NDMA concentrationwas obtained with possibility of <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-NDMA concentration up to 1 ng/L. In the presence of PAC ranging from 50 to 10,000 mg/L, <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-NDMA was removed from 18% to 97% for Sigma-Aldrich corporation (S-A co.) and from 9% to 93% by PAC for Daejung corporation (Dj co.). Hence it was found that the removal efficiency by PAC adsorption could vary depending on PAC types from different companies. For PAC adsorption capacity of <TEX>$^{14}C$</TEX>-NDMA using the Freundlich isotherm, <TEX>$K_f$</TEX> and 1/n of PAC from S-A co. were <TEX>$2.67\times10^{-3}$</TEX> ng/mg and 1.009, while those of PAC from Dj co. were <TEX>$1.30\times10^{-3}$</TEX> ng/mg and 0.994, respectively. Thus, PAC from S-A co. showed twice higher adsorption capacity than Dj co.

Ultrasound와 Pulsed UV 조사시 $H_{2}O_{2}$ 발생량과 보조제 주입시 bisphenol A, 17${\beta}$-estradiol의 제거에 대한 연구

한종훈,이성재,윤여민,허남국,Han, Jongh-Hun,Lee, Sung-Jae,Yoon, Yeo-Min,Her, Nam-Guk 대한상하수도학회 2012 상하수도학회지 Vol.26 No.2

This study investigated the relative degradation of commonly known endocrine-disrupting compounds such as bisphenol A (BPA) and 17${\beta}$-estradiol (E2) using ultrasound (US) and pulsed ultraviolet (PUV) in water. The removal efficiency of BPA and E2 was determined as a function of generating power and $H_{2}O_{2}$ production. The ultrasound and PUV irradiation of the aqueous solution was performed in 3 L and 90 L stainless reactor at a constant temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ with an applied power of 200 W and 2000 W, respectively. The removal of BPA and E2 by US and PUV varied with catalysts. The experiments were conducted under the following conditions: total operating time, 30 min; initial concentration, 1 uM. In the case of E2 (10 min), % removal was 92.5/95.8/87.6/82.4, while % removal of BPA (10 min) was 62.3/82.3/91.1/67.0/64.3 in various conditions (PUV, $PUV+H_2O_2$, PUV+wire mesh, $PUV+TiO_2$ coated wire mesh), respectively.

한약재 물 추출물의 생리활성 검색 및 MPTP-유도 신경독성에 대한 대황의 보호효과

김태은(Tae Eun Kim),윤여민(Yeo Min Yoon),박용인(Yong In Park),김윤석(Youn Seok Kim),전병훈(Byung Hun Jeon),김명동(Myung Dong Kim) 한의병리학회 2004 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.18 No.6

군날개 수술 후 발생한 괴사성 공막염에 대한 양막이식술의 치료 효과

정진욱 ( Jin Wook Jeoung ),윤여민 ( Yeo Min Yoon ),이재림 ( Jae Lim Lee ),위원량 ( Won Ryang Wee ),이진학 ( Jin Hak Lee ),김미금 ( Mee Kum Kim ) 대한안과학회 2004 대한안과학회지 Vol.45 No.12

HPLC-MS/MS를 이용한 Bisphenol A 분석 및 초음파에 의한 분해 특성 조사

박종성(Jong Sung Park),윤여민(Yeo Min Yoon),허남국(Nam Guk Her) 大韓環境工學會 2010 대한환경공학회지 Vol.32 No.6

본 연구는 극미량의 BPA 분석법을 정립하기 위하여 HPLC-MS/MS를 이용한 BPA 분석 조건을 개발하였고, 초음파를 이용한 BPA의 분해 특성을 조사하였다. HPLC-MS/MS에 의한 BPA의 MDL과 LOQ는 각각 0.13 nM과 1.3 nM로 조사되었는데, 이는 기존의 HPLC-UV (MDL: 81.1 nM, LOQ: 811 nM) 및 FLD (MDL: 4.6 nM, LOQ: 46 nM) 보다 약 620배 및 35배 우수하였으며, U.S. EPA의 음용수 권고기준(1.53 μM 혹은 350 ㎍/ℓ)의 약 1,180배 이하까지 정량분석이 가능하였다. 초음파 조사에 따른 BPA의 분해효율은 저주파(28 kHz)를 제외한 중?고주파 조건(580 and 1000 kHz)에서 반응 30분 이내에 95%이상 제거되었다. 특히 BPA의 분해효율 및 k1의 결과는 580 kHz에서 가장 우수하였는데, 이는 580 kHz 근처의 주파수 영역에서 최적의 초음파 공동현상 및 열분해/산화분해가 일어남을 알 수 있었다. 0.01 mM의 CCl₄를 첨가하여 분해효율을 측정한 결과 30분 이내에 BPA 초기농도(1 μM)의 98% 이상까지 제거되었으며, 반응 초기(5분)와 후기(30분)의 k1값은 무첨가 반응에 비해 각각 1.4배 및 1.1배씩 증가하였다. 10 mM의 t-BuOH이 첨가된 결과 무첨가 반응에 비해 약 60% 이상 BPA 분해효율이 감소한 것을 감안할 때 BPA의 주된 초음파 기전은 OH 라디칼에 의한 산화분해임을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 t-BuOH이 첨가된 반응시간 동안(30분) 약 33%의 BPA가 분해가 일어난 것은 OH 라디칼 뿐 아니라 열분해 및 기타 라디칼등에 의한 분해가 진행되었을 것으로 판단된다. The optimal conditions for the analysis of BPA by HPLC-MS/MS was investigated and the ultrasound degradation capacity of the BPA, with the goal to establish the proper directions for analyzing infinitesimal quantities of BPA by HPLC-MS/MS was examined. The MDL and LOQ of BPA analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS were measured 0.13 nM and 1.3 nM respectively, its sensitivity about 620 and 32 times greater than HPLC-UV (MDL: 81.1 nM, LOQ: 811 nM) and FLD (MDL: 4.6 nM, LOQ: 46 nM). In other words, the new method enables the analysis of BPA with the accuracy up to one 1,180th of the amount specified in U.S. EPA guideline for drinking water. Degradation rate of BPA by ultrasound measured over 95% under 580 kHz and 1000 kHz frequency within 30 minutes of treatment, whereas the rate showed some decrease at 28 kHz frequency. At 580 kHz of ultrasound has proven to be the most effective among others at degradation rate and k1 value, so we concluded that this frequency of ultrasound creates hospitable condition for the combined process of degradation by pyrolysis and oxidization. With the addition of 0.01 mM of CCl₄, BPA with the initial concentration of 1 μM was degraded by more than 98% within 30 minutes, the k1 value measured 5 minutes and 30 minutes into the experiment both showed increases by 1.4 and 1.1 times, respectively, compared with BPA without CCl₄. It is also found that the main degradation mechanism of BPA by ultrasound is oxidization process by OH radical, based on the fact that the addition of 10 mM of t-BuOH decreased the rate of BPA degradation by around 60%. However, 33% of BPA degradation rate obtained with the addition of t-BuOH implies further degradation done by pyrolysis or other sorts of radical beside OH radical.

Non-nano 막대형 산화아연의 특성 및 자외선 차단용 화장품에의 응용

정겨운 ( Kyo Un Chong ),현송화 ( Song Hua Xuan ),윤여민 ( Yeo Min Yoon ),김상욱 ( Sang-uk Kim ),최부건 ( Bou Kun Choi ),이성호 ( Sung Ho Lee ),박수남 ( Soo Nam Park ),이종성 ( Jong Sung Lee ) 대한화장품학회 2021 대한화장품학회지 Vol.47 No.1

전 세계적으로 자외선 차단제의 유효성 및 안전성에 대한 관심이 증가함에 따라 새로운 무기 자외선 차단제 개발에 대한 연구도 활기를 띄고 있다. 본 연구에서는 최근에 이슈화된 나노물질규제에 대응 가능한 나노 사이즈가 아닌 non-nano 막대형 산화아연을 합성하였고, 이를 세틸알코올로 표면처리한 막대형 산화아연분체를 개발하여 물리적 특성을 조사하였으며 자외선 차단제로서의 응용가능성을 평가하였다. 실험 결과, non-nano인 막대형 산화아연 분체를 적용한 선크림의 자외선 차단 효능과 백탁 정도는 40 nm 크기의 산화아연과 비슷한 결과를 나타냈으며, 막대형 산화아연 분산액을 사용한 선크림은 자외선 차단효능이 현저히 증가함을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 개발된 막대형 산화아연 분체는 non-nano (200 nm)임에도 불구하고 투명성(백탁 개선), 자외선 차단 효능 그리고 사용감 측면에서 우수한 자외선 차단제로서 응용 가능성이 있음을 시사하였다. With increasing interest in the effectiveness and safety of sunscreen worldwide, research on the development of new inorganic sunscreen is also gaining momentum. In the present study, non-nano sized needle type zinc oxide, which can meet the regulation of nano-material as a recent problem, has been synthesized and surface-modified with cetyl alcohol to obtain needle type zinc oxide powder. Here, we also investigated their physical properties and evaluated their potential application as sunscreens. As a result of the experiment, the sunscreen with needle type zinc oxide powder, which was non-nano, showed similar UV-protection properties and transparency compare to that of 40nm size zinc oxide. It was further confirmed that the UV blocking effect was significantly increased when the needle type zinc oxide dispersion was applied to the sunscreen. Therefore, although the needle type zinc oxide is non-nano (200 nm) material, it has the potential to be applied to the product as an excellent transparency (improvement of whiteness), UV protection efficacy and smooth texture.

압축성 여재 여과를 이용한 하수의 고형물질 제거 타당성 연구

김예슬(Ye Seul Kim),정찬일(Chan Il Jung),오재일(Je Ill Oh),윤여민(Yeo Min Yoon) 大韓環境工學會 2014 대한환경공학회지 Vol.36 No.2

최근 미국과 일본을 중심으로 높은 공극과 압축성이라는 장점을 지닌 압축성 섬유여재 여과에 대한 다양한 기술이 개발되면서 이를 이용한 집약적 하·폐수 처리에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 다양한 유입수질의 하수에 대하여 압축성 섬유여재 여과의 적용성을 검토하고자 하며, 해당 유입수에 대한 최적의 운전조건을 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 예비 실험으로서 추적자 시험을 진행하였으며, 이를 통하여 다양한 압축률 및 여과 율에서의 여과 양상을 검토하였다. 그 결과 높은 압축률에서 높이에 따라 다른 공극률이 적용되어 이론적인 결과값과의 뚜렷한 차이를 관찰할 수 있었다. 하수처리장의 침사지 유출수를 대상으로 다양한 압축률 조건에서 압축성 섬유여재 여과의 TSS 제거 및 제거 입자크기분포를 살펴본 결과, 압축률 30%가 최적의 운전조건으로서 제거효율 70% 이상을 나타냈으며, 작은 크기의 입자 제거율 증대를 위해 최소 15% 이상의 압축률이 요구되었다. 또한 여과 유출수 농도의 주요 영향인자인 10 μm 이하 입자의 제거 효율을 증대시키기 위해서는 응집과 같은 추가 공정이 필요하다고 판단되었다. 모델링 결과를 통하여 압축률이 증가할수록 여과 초기에 입자크기에 따른 TSS 제거효율이 두드러지게 나타남을 관찰하였고, 유입수의 입자크기분포에서 가장 큰 비율을 차지하는 10 μm크기 입자를 대상으로 높이에 따른 모델링 결과 높이 150-300 mm 여재층이 해당 입자 크기에 대하여 가장 활발한 여과 작용을 나타내었다. Recently, as a variety of techniques of CMF (Compressed media filter) that has advantages of high porosity and compressibility have been developed in the U.S. and Japan. Therefore, the interest of intensive wastewater treatment using CMF has grown. This study examined the feasibility of CMF with varying sewage water quality to determine the optimum operating conditions. A preliminary tracer test that investigated the filtering process under various compression and flow rate conditions was performed. In a high compression condition, different porosities were applied to each depth of the column. Therefore, a distinct difference between a theoretical value and results of tracer test was observed. For the TSS (Total suspended solid) removal and particle size distribution of CMF for pre-treatment water under the various compression conditions, the compression ratio of 30percent as the optimal condition showed greater than 70% removal efficiency. In addition, the compression ratio of >15% was required to remove small-sized particles. Also, an additional process such as coagulation is necessary to increase the removal efficiency for<10 μm particles, since these small particles significantly influence the effluent concentration. Modeling results showed that as the compression rate was increased, TSS removal efficiency in accordance with each particle size in the initial filtration was noticeably observed. The modeling results according to the depth of column targeting 10 μm particles having the largest percentage in particle size distribution showed that 150-300 mm in filter media layer was the most active with respect to the filtering.