부여 능산리 충적평야 퇴적상과 지형발달

윤순옥,김애선,황상일,Yoon, Soon-Ock,Kim, Ae-Sun,Hwang, Sang-Ill 한국제4기학회 2010 제사기학회지 Vol.24 No.1

부여 능산리 왕포천 유역 충적평야에서 지형면 분류, 퇴적상분석, 연대측정 등을 행하여 충적평야의 지형발달을 밝히고 식생환경과 농경활동에 대해 고찰하였다. 왕포천 충적평야는 홀로세 해면상승과 함께 대하천인 금강의 영향을 크게 받아 형성되었으며, 자연제방, 배후습지성 범람원, 곡저평야, 구릉지로 구성되어 있다. 왕포천이 금강에 합류하는 곳에 금강의 자연제방이 폭넓게 나타나고, 중, 하류부 충적평야는 금강의 배후습지가 된다. 또한 왕포천 연안이 배후지역보다 조립질 함량이 높고 토탄층이 얇았다. 왕포천 충적층의 가장 하부 모래층은 해면하강기에 청동기인의 영향을 받아 퇴적되었고, 초기철기시대의 해면상승기에 왕포천의 수위가 높아지면서 토탄층이 형성되었다. The aims of this study are to clarify the geomorphological development of a alluvial plain and discuss the vegetation environments and agriculture activities in the Wangpo-River alluvial plain at Neungsan-ri, Buyeo by analyzing geomorphological classification, sedimentary facies and age datings. The alluvial plain at Wangpo-River was formed by the influences of Geum-River with the sea-level rising during the Holocene. The basin of Wangpo-River consists of natural levees, back marsh-type alluvial plains, valley plains and hills. The natural levees by Geum-River largely distributes at the area where Wangpo-River flows to Geum-River and the alluvial plains at the middle and lower reach are the back marsh areas of Geum-River. Moreover, the area along Wangpo-River show higher contents of coarse materials and thinner peat sediments than the back marsh. The lower sandy deposits in the alluvium of Wangpo-River was formed with the influences of human in the Bronze Age during the sea level falling and the peaty deposits was formed due to the water level rising of Wangpo-River during the sea level rising in the early Iron Age.

점봉산 고산습지의 화분분석과 홀로세 후기 기후변화

윤순옥 ( Soon Ock Yoon ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),황상일 ( Sang Ill Hwang ) 한국지형학회 2013 한국지형학회지 Vol.20 No.4

11 alpine wetlands at the upper reaches of Bangtae River on a high flat summit around Mt. Jeombong were found. Two core samples(JB-1 and JB-2) among them were collected in order to reconstruct paleovegetation history and climate change using pollen analysis. Pinus and Quercus dominated at the wetland of JB-2 with a deep water depth were developed from 1,700 yr BP to 1,000 yr BP of the pollen zone I. Subsequently Quercus dominated in the pollen zone II from 1,000 to 400 yr BP, and it is supposed that warm weather prevailed with oak climax forest corresponding to the Medieval Warm Period. Moreover, sphagnum grew densely in the alpine wetlands and the wetlands were extended widely on the summit around Mt. Jeombong with the beginning of subzoneⅡc at JB-2. The pollen zone III from 400 yr BP to the present with an increase in Pinus and a decrease in Quercus suggests cold climates under the Little Ice Age. Moreover, human disturbances at JB-2 were more significant than those at JB-1, based on the increase in Pinus.

상주 공검지 일대의 고대 이후 고기후 변화와 농경활동

윤순옥 ( Soon Ock Yoon ),안은정 ( Eun Jeong Ahn ),김효선 ( Hyo Seon Kim ),황상일 ( Sang Ill Hwang ) 한국지형학회 2013 한국지형학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Gonggeomji, located at the outlet of intermontane basin in the upper reaches of Dong River, is known as being constructed in the late Unified Silla Dynasty. Extensive wetlands were developed before the construction of embankment at Gonggeomji and very compact silty layers were deposited during dry seasons. Paniceae was cultivated on a dry field in the basin during the early Bronze and Iron Ages. Although it is supposed that agricultural activities on a paddy and dry field prevailed during the Three Kingdoms Age, the indicating layer was not found. As the construction of the embankment, Oryza sativa as well as Paniceae were cultivated in the basin at the same time. The climates during the early Bronze are cool and Iron Ages are estimated to be generally warm. From the late Unified Silla Dynasty and middle Goryeo Dynasty when the embankment was constructed, it was still warm, and then, shows alterations between cool and warm conditions. Since the late Goryeo Dynasty, it gradually became cool.

뢰스-고토양 퇴적물의 전처리 과정에 따른 입도분석 결과 비교

윤순옥(Soon-Ock Yoon),박충선(Chung-Sun Park),황상일(Sangill Hwang) 대한지리학회 2010 대한지리학회지 Vol.45 No.5

퇴적물이나 토양의 입도분석은 가장 중요하고 기초적인 지구과학적 연구방법 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 뢰스-고토양 퇴적물을 대상으로 10가지 전처리 과정에 따른 입도분석 결과의 차이를 비교하였다. 퇴적물의 분산에 있어 확산제의 효과가 가장 크지만, 확산제와 염산의 처리 순서에 따라 큰 차이를 보인다. 이는 염산의 염소 이온과 확산제의 나트륨 이온 사이의 정전기적 인력으로 인해, 나트륨 이온이 효과적으로 퇴적물의 칼슘 이온을 치환하지 못하기 때문으로 생각된다. 또한 과산화수소와 염산은 끓는 물보다는 효과적이지만 퇴적물의 분산에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는다. 따라서 연구 목적 및 시료 특성에 맞는 적절한 방법을 선정해야 신뢰할 수 있는 입도분석 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다. Grain size analysis of sediments and soils has been regarded as a one of the most important analytical methods in Earth Sciences. The results of grain size analysis by 10 different pretreatment procedures in loess-paleosol sediments are compared in the study. In spite of the most powerful effectiveness of dispersant(sodium hexametaphosphate) on the dispersions of sediments, the effects show large differences by its treatment orders with HCl. It may result from that Na? ions in the dispersant may not be able to effectively substitute Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> ions in the sediments due to the electrostatic forces between Na? and Cl? ions in the dispersant and HCl, respectively. Although H₂O₂ and HCl are more effective in dispersion than hot water, they do not affect greatly the dispersions. Therefore, the reliable results of grain size analysis can be obtained by selecting the adequate pretreatment procedures most suitable for the purposes of researches and characteristics of sediments.

한국 남동해안 울산시 강동 일대 해안단구 지형발달

윤순옥 ( Soon Ock Yoon ),곽민 ( Min Kwak ),황상일 ( Sang Ill Hwang ) 한국지형학회 2014 한국지형학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This study investigates the geomorphic development of marine terraces with chronology and tectonic movement during the Quaternary in the Kangdong area on the southeast coast of Ulsan Metropolitan city, Korea. The HH (High higher) Kangdong surfaces with an elevation of the ancient shoreline of approximately 160 m are found and correlate to MIS 17. Moreover, the marine terraces in the study area are classified into the HH I (145 m; MIS 15), HH II (120 m; MIS 13), H I (95 m; MIS 11), H II (75 m; MIS 9), Middle (50 m; MIS 7), Lower I (25 m; MIS 5e), and Holocene surfaces (5-6 m). The HH Gangdong and HH I surfaces show large distributional areas due to the resistance of bedrock to the erosion. Based on the elevations of the ancient shoreline in the study area, the uplift rate during from 710 ka to before the Last Interglacial period is estimated at approximately 0.225m/ka. This rate is similar to that in the northern part of the southeast coast of Korea, however the elevation of the ancient shoreline in the older surfaces than Middle one is higher than that in the middle part of Korea by approximately 5-10 m and the Quaternary fault activities including UIsan fault might influence. Therefore, the detailed investigations on the southern part of the Ulsan Bay are needed.

한국 중부 동해안 석호의 20세기 경관 변화

윤순옥(Soon-Ock Yoon),황상일(Sangill Hwang),박충선(Chung-Sun Park),김효선(Hyo-Seon Kim),문영롱(Young-Rong Moon) 대한지리학회 2008 대한지리학회지 Vol.43 No.4

석호는 홀로세 해진극상기 이후 지속적으로 매적되어가는 자연스러운 지형발달과정을 겪는다. 한반도 중부 동해안의 대표적인 7개 석호인 화진포, 송지호, 광포호, 영랑호, 매호, 향호, 경포호를 대상으로, 석호 지형 경관 보존의 우수성과 20세기 동안 석호경관 변화 정도를 석호 면적과 호안길이 보존율을 통해 파악하고, 이를 기초로 석호를 분류하고 경관 변화의 원인을 분석하였다. 면적은 송지호(0.56㎢, 92%), 화진포(2.06㎢, 90%), 영랑호(0.96㎞, 86%), 향호(0.32㎢, 76%), 경포호(0.90㎢, 52%), 매호(0.14㎢, 50%), 광포호(0.07㎢, 32%) 순으로, 호안길이는 화진포(11.90㎞, 100%), 향호(3.34㎞, 90%), 영랑호(7.21㎞, 89%), 경포호(7.11㎞, 79%), 송지호(5.56㎞, 79%), 광포호(1.16㎞, 62%), 매호(2.16㎞, 58%) 순의 경관보존율을 보였다. 따라서 20세기 동해안 석호의 경관 변화 특징은 화진포(A1), 향호(A2), 영랑호(A3), 송지호(A4)는 보존이 잘 되었으나, 경포호(B4), 광포호(B5), 매호(B6)는 크게 축소되었다. 금세기에 이르러 경지확대를 위한 매립과 개발사업이 심각하게 진행되면서 석호면적은 크게 축소되고 경관이 변하였다. 경포호, 매호, 광포호는 경관 변화가 컸는데, 특히 매호, 광포호와 같이 소규모 석호일수록 변형과 파괴가 심하였고, 경포호는 도시화와 관광산업을 위해 인공호수로 바뀌었다. Coastal lagoon has experienced a natural geomorphic development process which has been aggraded after the climax of transgression in Holocene. This study estimates superiority on landscape conservation of lagoons and degree of landscape changes during the 20th century as conservation ratios of area and shore length, and analyzes the causes of the changes and classifies the lagoons based on the data by case study of the major 7 coastal lagoons(Hwajinpo, Songjiho, Gwangpoho, Yeongrangho, Maeho, Hyangho, and Gyeongpoho) in the middle East Coast of the Korean Peninsular. Based on the conservation ratios of area and shore length, the areal change is in order of Songjiho(0.56㎢, 92%), Hwajinpo(2.06㎢, 90%), Yeongrangho(0.96㎢, 86%), Hyangho(0.32㎢, 76%), Gyeongpoho(0.90㎢, 52%), Maeho(0.14㎢, 50%), and Gwangpoho(0.07㎢, 32%), and the shore length change is in order of Hwajinpo(11.90㎞, 100%), Hyangho(3.34㎞, 90%), Yeongnangho(7.21㎞, 89%), Gyeongpoho(7.11㎞, 79%), Songjiho(5.56㎞, 79%), Gwangpoho(1.16㎞, 62%), and Maeho(2.16㎞, 58%). Therefore, the characteristics of landscape changes of the lagoons in the study area can be represented in order of Hwajinpo(A1), Hyangho(A2), Yeongrangho(A3), Songjiho(A4), Gyeongpoho(B4), Gwangpoho(B5), Maeho(B6). Serious process for land use and industrial development has changed landscape around lagoons decreasing the area of coastal plains dramatically up to this century. Because small lagoons such as Maeho and Gwangpoho have experienced severe transformation and destruction, and Gyeongpoho was transformed into artificial lake for urbanization and tourism, they show dramatic landscape change.

한반도 남부 선상지의 계량적 지형 특성과 일본, 타이완, 필리핀 선상지와의 비교 연구

윤순옥(Soon-Ock Yoon),사이토 쿄지(Kyoji Saito),황상일(Sangill Hwang),오구치 다카시(Takashi Oguchi),다나카 유키야(Yukiya Tanaka) 대한지리학회 2010 대한지리학회지 Vol.45 No.4

한반도 남부 13개 선상지를 일본, 대만, 필리핀의 690개 선상지와 비교, 분석하였다. 선상지 경사와 함양역 면적, 선상지 경사와 함양역 기복비, 선상지 면적과 함양역 면적, 그리고 함양역 면적과 함양역 기복비와의 관계를 정량적으로 검토한 결과, 한반도 남부의 선상지는 아시아의 선상지 특성과 잘 부합되지만, 선상지 빈도와 밀도가 낮다. 또한 선상지 하천의 함양역 규모가 작고, 기복비가 커서 선상지 규모가 작고 경사가 급하다. 36개 주요 하천 곡구부에서 선상지가 형성되지 않는 것은 상대적으로 낮은 산지고도와 함양역의 기복비 때문이다. 한국의 선상지에서는 Blair and McPherson이 주장한 지형면 경사의 공백을 확인할 수 없으며, 경주 선상지는 경사가 완만한 하성 선상지의 가능성이 높다. The morphometric characteristics of 13 alluvial fans in the southern parts of the Korean Peninsula are studied and relationships between their distributions and causes are discussed by comparing them with 690 alluvial fans in Japan, Taiwan and the Philippines. The relationships between the surface gradient of alluvial fans and source basin area, the surface gradient and the relief ratio of the source basin, and the source basin area and the relief ratio were investigated. The alluvial fans in South Korea have typical characteristics of the Asian fans, although their frequency and density are relatively low, and the size and the relief ratio of their source basins are relatively small and steep, respectively. Moreover 36 major Korean river basins without alluvial fans tend to have lower altitude and relief ratios. Contrary to the argument by Blair and McPherson, the natural depositional gaps on the gradient of alluvial fans were not found. The Gyeongju alluvial fan is probably a fluvial fan with gentle gradient, whereas the other Korean fans seem to be debris-flow related on the base of their gradients.

지상라이다의 고해상도 DEM을 이용한 울진 진복리 사빈 변화 분석

윤순옥(Soon-Ock Yoon),전청균(Chung-Kyun Jeon),황상일(Sangill Hwang) 대한지리학회 2013 대한지리학회지 Vol.48 No.3

경상북도 울진군 진복리 해안 사빈에서 2009년 6월부터 9월까지 이벤트성의 강한 저기압이 발생한 전·후 시기와 그 외 다양한 파랑에너지 환경에서 형성된 미지형변화를 8차례 지상라이다로 측정하여 고해상도 자료로 획득하였다. 지상라이다 분석뿐 아니라 입도분석 결과에서도 파고가 높은 파랑에 의해 발생한 진복리 사빈의 남북 간 변화가 뚜렷하였다. 태풍으로 인해 강한 파랑이 접근한 시기에는 사빈의 면적과 부피가 감소하였고, 파고가 낮은 기간에는 사빈의 부피가 증가하였다. 9월의 파고가 높은 파랑이 발생한 이후 북쪽 사빈은 침식되어 해안선이 후퇴하였고, 남쪽은 퇴적작용을 받아 해안선이 전진하였다. 남북 사빈의 침식, 퇴적현상을 비교한 결과, 진복리 사빈은 모래가 어느 정도 해저로 유출되었을지라도 사빈 내부에서 재이동하였다. High resolution data for the coastal sand beach during short-term in Jinbok-ri, Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do are obtained by terrestrial LiDAR. The micro-geomorphological changes of 8 times before and after the strong low-pressure events during June to September, 2009 and changes under the various environments of wave-energy are investigated in the study. The obvious geomorphological changes between the northern and southern sand beach in Jinbok-ri are revealed by terrestrial LiDAR as well as by grain size analysis. The strong waves by the typhoons decrease the area and volume of the beach, and especially the area is largely influenced. The erosive and depositional processes dominate the northern and southern sand beach, respectively, after high wave in September. These results suggest that lots of sand grains in the beach are largely re-transported within the beach rather than offshore.

진천분지 뢰스-고토양 연속층의 형성과 퇴적 환경

윤순옥 ( Soon Ock Yoon ),박충선 ( Chung Sun Park ),황상일 ( Sangi Ll Hwang ) 한국지형학회 2013 한국지형학회지 Vol.20 No.3

This study aims to investigate the formation and sedimentary environment including formative period, grain composition and climate change from loess-paleosol sequence deposited on a gravel bed of river terrace in the Jincheon Basin, Chungbuk Province. The Jincheon section consists downward of a surface layer, loess-paleosol sequence, transitional layer I, transitional layer II and gravel bed. It can be suggested from the OSL age dating that the sequence was deposited during MIS 6 to 4. The sequence can be divided into four horizons based on the variation in the magnetic susceptibility values. Grain size analysis reveals that the sequence indicates similar properties of grain size to loess deposits in Korea and especially, the Y values in the sequence are lower than those in the loess and paleosol horizons in the Chinese Loess Plateau and similar to those in the Red Clay in the Chinese Loess Plateau and Xiashu loess in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. These Y values in the sequence can be attributed to the remote source and/or experience of intensive weathering process after deposition in the Korean Peninsula.

울산시 언양 지역 최종빙기 뢰스 형성과 퇴적물 특성

윤순옥 ( Soon Ock Yoon ),박충선 ( Chung Sun Park ),황상일 ( Sang Ill Hwang ) 한국지형학회 2012 한국지형학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The Eonyang section is located at the confluent area of Samdong River to Taehwa River in Sinhwa-ri, Samnam-myeon, Ulju-gun, Ulsan-si, Korea. Physical analyses such as the OSL age dating, magnetic susceptibility and grain size analysis were performed. Coarse grains in the upper section were deposited by the aeolian processes from the local sources and the grains in the lower section by the fluvial processes. The Eonyang section shows the large differences such as the irregularity in the variations of magnetic susceptibility, large deviations in the Y values and very poor sorting values from the loess sediments in Bongdong, Geochang and Daecheon in Korea. These characteristics in the Eonyang section suggest the multi-source areas such as the Chinese Loess Plateau and nearby floodplain or the influences by the other processes. The loess sediments of Eonyang section were formed during the period from the late MIS 3 to MIS 2.