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윤서연,박윤길 대한연하장애학회 2015 대한연하장애학회지 Vol.5 No.2
Dysphagia is a frequent symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the main cause of aspiration pneumonia and death of patients with PD. It is also associated with nutritional problems, pulmonary complications and quality of life of PD patients. The prevalence is very high in PD patients, varying from 77% to 95%, but exact pathophysiology and mechanism remains obscure. Dysphagia associated with PD has been reported to affect all stages of swallowing including oral, pharyngeal, esophageal phase, but oral and pharyngeal phases are more often abnormal than esophageal phase. There are several treatment strategies for dysphagia of PD patients such as rehabilitative treatment including speech therapy, respiratory muscle strengthening, pharmacologic treatment, deep brain stimulation and surgical treatment. But, the effects of these treatments are still limited, thus individualized and interdisciplinary approach is recommended.
윤서연,최문형,이영준,Robert Grimm,Heinrich von Busch,Han Dongyeob,Yohan Son,Bin Lou,Ali Kamen 대한초음파의학회 2023 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.42 No.1
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of prostate volume estimates calculated from the ellipsoid formula using the anteroposterior (AP) diameter measured on axial and sagittal images obtained through ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods: This retrospective study included 456 patients with transrectal US and MRI from two university hospitals. Two radiologists independently measured the prostate gland diameters on US and MRI: AP diameters on axial and sagittal images, transverse, and longitudinal diameters on midsagittal images. The volume estimates, volumeax and volumesag, were calculated from the ellipsoid formula by using the AP diameter on axial and sagittal images, respectively. The prostate volume extracted from MRI-based whole-gland segmentation was considered the gold standard. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate the inter-method agreement between volumeax and volumesag, and agreement with the gold standard. The Wilcoxon signedrank test was used to analyze the differences between the volume estimates and the gold standard.Results: The prostate gland volume estimates showed excellent inter-method agreement, and excellent agreement with the gold standard (ICCs >0.9). Compared with the gold standard, the volume estimates were significantly larger on MRI and significantly smaller on US (P<0.001). The volume difference (segmented volume–volume estimate) was greater in patients with larger prostate glands, especially on US.Conclusion: Volumeax and volumesag showed excellent inter-method agreement and excellent agreement with the gold standard on both US and MRI. However, prostate volume was overestimated on MRI and underestimated on US.