國際機構의 法秩序와 國際人權基準

柳在馨 청주대학교 학술연구소 2007 淸大學術論集 Vol.10 No.-

Of the numerous references to human rights in the UN Charter, at least one is clearly of normative character. By Art. 56, "All Members pledge themselves to take joint and separate action in co-operation with the⌈United Nations⌉Organization for the achievement of the purposes set forth in Articles 55" ; one of those purposes is the promotion of "universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion". The precise content and import of that undertaking are subject to controversy and have not been authoritatively determined, but at least deliberate, gross violations of human rights by a UN member would appear to be a violation by that State of its pledge to take action to promote respect for and observance of human rights. Thus, for example, the → International Court of Justice(ICJ) has declared → apartheid to be "a flagrant violation of the purposes and principles of the Charter". This dissertation is research about ‘the law order of international organization and international standard of human right. Namely, it aims to search method to clearly define 「binding force」 of international standard of human right in UN. Thus, preceding researches made from the viewpoint of organization of international society was examined in Clause 1. For this purpose, I checked the external effect of internal law of international organization and exterior activity law. Based on this, I examined the 「binding force」 of international standard of human right and structure of coercion in Clause 2 and investigated how it can be explained from the viewpoint that the 「binding force」 of standard is accommodated is the international organization. Namely, this dissertation aims to examine the issue of 「binding force」of international standard of human right from theoretic aspect and to define the issue of 「binding force」 of international standard of human right in UN. Then, the role of international standard of human right has legal function and energy which is not in human right treaty as international law and domestic law. As a matter of fact, there are some problems, i.e., whether the contents of international standard of human right really have universality or surveillance activity is optional. However, the role that the activity plays to guarantee human right is clear. Compared to domestic law, it is required to reconfirm that guarantee of human right by UN, namely, non-judicial guarantee of human right is actually maintained by the legal device of UN. Since international standard of human right is established nowadays, the guarantee of human right by UN prepares list of right to restrict the arbitrary infringement by state notwithstanding the in existence of sufficient standard for judgment in the international and domestic law. Furthermore, it can be said that international standard of human right is enforced by constant monitor by the own law order of UN. key word : 人權의 國際的 基準(international standard of human rights), 國際機構(international organization), 拘束力(binding forces), 內部法(internal law), 人權保障(guarantee of human rights).

國際橓構에 의한 海洋法 秩序의 形成

柳在馨 청주대학교 학술연구소 2007 淸大學術論集 Vol.9 No.-

This dissertation is research about 'the formation of the international law of the sea order by international organization.' After historically viewing how sea occupying 70% of the earth surface has been possessed, I analyzed what roles the international organization has played to reconcile the confrontation and interest of each state on the basis of territorial waters, continental shelf and deep ocean floor and conclusively investigated the UN sea laws agreement and south and north issue. In conclusion, Arvid Pardo, the ambassador of Malta in UN suggested that deep ocean floor is the common heritage of mankind. This means that this water area is to be controlled and developed by independent organization so as to secure the earned profit as fund. Then, the intention is to solve the south and north issue (unbalanced wealth between the advanced country and backward country) by establishing international aid system for poor underdeveloped countries without relying on the advanced countries. Viewed in historical perspective the UN Convention is a remarkable document. In sympathy with the demands df the Third World to develop a new international economic order, it seeks to ensure that the immense wealth of the sea-bed should be shared with the developing world; and yet it accepts, in the form of the new 200 mile exclusive economic zone, a new concept of national enclosure which builds upon and extends the concept of legal continental shelf and is the very antithesis not only of the traditional freedom of the seas but also of the spirit of international cooperation and sharing reflected in the idea of the new international economic order and the notion of the common heritage of mankind. The Convention will clearly have a major, long-term impact upon the law of the sea. That, however, is a matter of prediction rather than history. However, owing to the adoption of 'Implementation Agreement,' such idea of Arvid Pardo is actually limited to ideal itself as a whole. How the parties of UN Convention on the Law of the Sea will solve this reality to correct the unbalanced wealth between the advanced country and backward country- this issue would constitute one of the tasks assigned to UN with respect to sea in the future.

동전기적 제염시 pH가 미치는 영향 분석

김계남,원휘준,정종헌,유재형,오원진 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2000 한국폐기물자원순환학회 학술대회 Vol.2000 No.1

Friction underwear for ease of pulling down in elderly patients with overactive bladder: A prospective randomized control trial

유재형,신유섭,고명환,전은진,유희천,박종관 대한비뇨의학회 2019 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.60 No.3

Purpose: Friction underwear was developed by adding small silicon dots in front of the underwear to decrease the time for pulling down underwear in elderly patients with urge incontinence. We studied about the effects of the friction underwear for elderly overactive bladder (OAB) patients. Materials and Methods: Male patients over 60 years of age diagnosed with OAB were prospectively enrolled and randomized to either the friction underwear first group (measuring for the time taken to pull down the friction underwear first and the non-friction underwear second) or the friction underwear later group (non-friction underwear first and the friction underwear second). An investigator measured the time to pulling down the underwear. And we measured the coefficient of friction of underwear. Results: A total of 56 male patients were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table envelope method. There were no significant differences in demographics and clinical characteristics between the two groups. Of the total 56 patients, the time taken to pull down underwear for the friction underwear (3.79±0.15 seconds) was found significantly shorter than that for the non-friction underwear (4.10±0.17 seconds) (p=0.03). The static and dynamic coefficients of friction of the friction were 4.21 and 2.88, respectively, while those of the non-friction underwear were 0.64 and 0.45, respectively. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that friction underwear significantly shortened the time to pull down underwear. This functional underwear may be effective in preventing the underwear from getting wet in patients who suffer from urge incontinence.

간세포암종에서 p53 종양단백의 과발현에 대한 면역조직화학적 분석

유재형,박언섭,김미경 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1998 中央醫大誌 Vol.23 No.3

To study comparative analysis of p53 overexpression and clinicopathologic data of 85 hepatocellular carcinomas, immunohistochemical study using avidin-biotin complex method was performed. The results were as follows ; 1. The age distribution was 30-80 years old, and sex ratio was 76 male : 9 female. Serologically number of HBsAg positive and negative group were 51 and 34, respectively. Edmonson and Steiner's histologic grading of examined hepatocellular carcinoma cases consisted of grade Ⅱ of 48 cases and grade Ⅲ of 37 cases 2. The frequency of p53 immunoreactivity in 85 hepatocellular carcinomas was 52.9%. 3. The frequency of p53 overexpression in HBsAg positive and HBsAg negative group was 58.8% and 44.1%, respectively. The frequency of strong p53 immunoreactivity was 25.4%(13/51) in HBsAg positive group and 5.9% in HBsAg negative group. Although p53 expression of HBsAg positive hepatocellular carcinoma has an increasing tendency than that of HBsAg negative hephtocellular carcinoma. 4. The frequency of p53 overexpression in grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ hepatocellular carcinomas was 33.3% and 78.3%, respectively. The frequency of strong p53 immunoreactivity was 2.1% in grade Ⅱ and 37.8% in grade Ⅲ. Therefore, correlation of p53 overexpression and grading of hepatocellular carcinoma was statistically significant. 5. The correlation of p53 overexpression and age with or without HBsAg was statistically significant. The frequency of p53 expression by age was 62.5% in thirties, 41.2% in forties, 51.8% in sixties and 57.5% in sixties-eighties. 6. It is therefore, suggested that p53 overexpression of hepatocellular carcinoma depended upon grading of tumor cells and age(with/without HBsAg).

위, 대장암에서 Carcinoembryonic Antigen과 Secretory Component의 출현도에 관한 비교관찰

유재형,송계용 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1986 中央醫大誌 Vol.11 No.1

To observe the correlation between the carcinoembryonic antigen and the secretory component(SC) with their morphologic differentiation in the gastrointestinal carcinoma, immunohistochemical studies were carried out. The study consisted of gastric adenocarcinoma(16 cases), colonic adenocarcinoma(15 cases) and adenomatous polyp of colon (12 cases). The results were as follows: 1 Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of stomach and colon shows more marked CEA positivity in the cytoplasm and less marked activity along the luminal border than those of well differentiated adenocarcinoma. 2. Adenomatous polyp and hyperplastic glands near the carcinoma showed similar weak CEA positivity. The metaplastic goblet cells in stomach showed no CEA positivity. 3. SC positivity in adenocarcinoma of stomach and colon was less than CEA positivity of them, and the strongest positivity of SC in normal mucosa of colon was demonstrable. Adenomatous polyp of colon and the hyperplastic glands near the carcinoma showed weak SC positivity. The metaplastic goblet cells in stomach showed no SC positivity.

條約의 解釋에 관한 一考察

柳在馨 청주대학교 학술연구소 2004 淸大學術論集 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of interpreting a treaty is to establish the meaning of the text which the parties must be taken to have intended it to bear in relation to the circumstances with reference to which the question of interpretation has arisen. Principle of simultaneity means a principle which stipulates that "the Wording of Treaty shall be interpreted in the light of the rules of general international laws effective at the time of entering into treaty and also in accordance with the meaning of the contemporary terminology". This principle is basic principle of contract in the context of domestic laws. However, important thing is that this principle is also applied to the interpretation of international treaty. Even though the scope of this principle is applicable only to the study on the rules of interpretation of treaty, theory of inter-temporal law can be classified into the rules of simultaneity and other rules. International laws have been often classified into treaty between different countries, multinational treaty, open treaty, and closed treaty, etc. However, we can see that it is possible to classify into treaties where principle of simultaneity is applied and the other opposite cases as a study on the theory of inter-temporal law as well as on the other principle of interpretation besides this classification.

지베렐린 생합성 억제제 Uniconazole과 Inabenfide를 이용한 벼의 영양생장조절과 그에 따른 수량변화

유재형,권용웅 한국작물학회 1994 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.1994 No.1

UN에서의 조약(條約)의 유보(留保)에 관한 법(法)과 관행(慣行)

유재형 청주대학교 법학연구소 1999 法學論集 Vol.15 No.-

映畵技術의 發展趨勢에 對한 考察

유재형 한국영화학회 1989 영화연구 Vol.- No.6