한 중 반도체 산업 협력 방안에 관한 연구

유관령,이태희 한국경영컨설팅학회 2023 경영컨설팅연구 Vol.23 No.6

The semiconductor industry is often referred to as the "brain of manufacturing," making it a critical industry for a country. As an important weapon of national competitiveness, the semiconductor industry has a significant impact on a country's position in global economic integration and digital competition. The semiconductor industry is a strategic, basic and leading industry that supports the development of modern economic society, and is a key driver of new technological revolutions and industrial transformation. Unlike other industries, the semiconductor industry has a very high technical barrier, and with the development of digital technology and the increasing share of the digital economy in the national economy, the application range of semiconductor products will become wider and wider. South Korea focuses on memory semiconductor technology. Japan has an advantage in semiconductor sub-sectors (materials, components, equipment). Europe is strong in power semiconductors and microcontrollers, while mainland China and Taiwan are leading in packaging testing and wafer fabrication. As a huge consumer of semiconductors, China is the world's largest consumer market for semiconductor products and an important support for the development of the global semiconductor industry. Therefore, the question of how Korea and China should respond to the competition in semiconductor technology against the backdrop of several factors such as the US-China conflict and the Russian-Ukrainian war is very important. The main purpose of this research is to analyze the competitiveness of the semiconductor industries of Korea and China in the rapidly changing global market and to discuss ways of mutual cooperation. The semiconductor industries of Korea and China were analyzed using PEST analysis and SWOT analysis. The results showed that Korea's core technology for memory semiconductors is ahead of other countries, but system semiconductors are still lacking. In addition, Korea is dependent on the United States for technology and Japan for equipment and raw materials. China, on the other hand, has advantages in domestic markets, policies, and capital. However, there is still a relative gap in science and technology, especially in the semiconductor industry. Therefore, South Korea needs China's market and China needs South Korea's semiconductor technology. The semiconductor supply chains of Korea and China are indivisible, and in the complex international situation, the semiconductor industries of Korea and China must cooperate and win-win to reduce the risks of industrial development. Korea-China cooperation is conducive to realizing the potential of the semiconductor industry in both countries, jointly building a semiconductor industry chain, and realizing a win-win situation.

산업별 ESG 이행 및 성과 차이에 관한 연구: 유통산업과 금융산업을 중심으로

유관령,이태희 한국경영컨설팅학회 2024 경영컨설팅연구 Vol.24 No.3

인류와 사회 그리고 기업의 지속 가능한 발전을 위해 기업은 재무적 성과뿐만 아니라 비재무적 성과에도 관심을 가져야 한다. 이것이 ESG 관리의 출발점이자 필요성이다. 오늘날 우리의 사회는 ‘ESG 경영의 시대’라고 할 수 있다. 더욱이 최근 환경이나 사회문제에 대한 국제조직과 개별 국가의 정책 변화가 강화되면서 기업 비즈니스의 역할과 책임도 함께 커지고 있다. ESG 경영에 대한 정부의 관심도 높아지고 있다. 이러한 배경에서 상품의 생산과 시장을 연결하는 유통산업은 역시 급변하는 경영 환경 속에서 더 나은 기업과 지속 가능한 성장을 마련하기 위해 ESG 경영에 적극적 도입하고 있다. 그러나 기업들이 여전히 ESG 경영을 시행에는 아직 많은 어려움을 겪고 있으며, ESG 이행 및 성과는 산업별로 차이가 존재한다. 본 연구는 유통산업과 금융산업을 중심으로 산업별 ESG의 이행 및 성과 차이에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 연구를 위해 한국거래소와 한국 ESG 기준원 등 기관에서 공개된 자료 및 문헌 연구를 진행하였다. 한국 ESG 기준원에서 공개된 13개 ESG 평가지표를 본 연구의 변수로 선정하여, 가설을 설정하고 독립표본 t 검정을 통해 가설을 검정하였다. 결과는 유통산업과 금융산업은 ESG의 E 영역에서 리더십과 거버넌스, 위험관리, 운영 및 성과, 이해관계자 소통과 S 영역에서 노동 관행, 지속 가능한 소비, 이해관계자 소통, G 영역에서는 지배구조는 명확한 평균 차이가 존재하며, 유통산업은 금융산업보다 이들 분야에서 이행 및 성과가 더 낮은 것이 보이지만 ESG의 S 영역에서 직장 내 안전보건, 인권, 공정 운영 관행, 정보보호 및 개인정보 보호, 지역사회 참여 및 개발은 차이가 없는 것이 보인다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 산업별 특성에 따라 ESG 중점 분야의 차이가 있는 것으로 판단되며, 유통산업은 금융산업보다 낮은 평가를 받고 있어 유통산업의 ESG 경영의 이행 및 성과에 관심을 더 가져야 하는 시점으로 판단된다. 한국 주요 유통기업들은 ESG의 S 관련 활동에 좀 더 적극적인 하고 있지만 ESG의 E 관련 이행은 아직 미흡한 실정이다. ESG의 G 분야에서도 상대적으로 취약한 모습을 보인다. 따라서 유통산업은 ESG 이행을 관심이 높아질 필요가 있으며, ESG 활성화를 위해서는 산업적 특성을 충분히 고려한 대응 방안을 마련해야 한다. 그래서 유통산업은 ESG 이행을 효과적으로 실시하기 위해서 산업별을 중심으로 차별적인 ESG 전략이 수립될 필요가 있다. 이러한 배경으로 본 연구를 통해 유통산업 및 관련 기관의 ESG 경영에 대한 이해를 높이고 ESG 경영의 확산과 새로운 투자 기회를 확대하는 측면에서 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다. For the sustainable development of mankind, society, and companies, companies should pay attention not only to financial performance but also to non-financial performance. This is the starting point and necessity of ESG management. Our society today can be said to be the 'age of ESG management'. Moreover, as the recent policy changes in international organizations, initiatives, and individual countries on environmental and social issues have been strengthened, the role and responsibility of corporate business are also increasing. The government's interest in ESG management is also increasing. Against this background, the distribution industry, which connects the production of goods and the market, is actively introducing ESG into management to prepare for better companies and steady advancement in the midst of rapidly evolving business scenarios. However, companies are still having a lot of difficulty implementing ESG management, and ESG implementation and performance vary by industry. Focusing on the distribution and financial industries, this study aims to examine the implementation and performance differences of ESG by industry. Based on data and literature research presented by institutions such as the Korea Exchange and the Korea ESG Standards Institute, ESG evaluation indicators released by 13 Korea ESG standards institutions were used as variables in this study, and a hypothesis was established and tested by conducting an independent sample t-test. The analysis shows that the distribution and financial industries have clear average differences in governance and governance in ESG E, risk management, operation and performance, stakeholder communication, and governance in S, labor practices, sustainable consumption, implementation stakeholder communication, and G, and that the distribution industry has lower implementation and performance in these areas than the financial industry. However, there seems to be no difference in workplace safety and health, human rights, fair operation practices, information protection and personal information protection, and community participation and development in the ESG S areas of the distribution and financial industry. Based on these test results, it is judged that there are differences in ESG-focused areas according to the characteristics of each industry, and the distribution industry is evaluated lower than the financial industry, so the overall implementation and performance of ESG management in the distribution industry are considered to be poor. Major Korean retail companies are more active in ESG's S-related activities, but ESG's E-related implementation is still insufficient. In addition, ESG's G-area is also relatively weak. In the future, it is necessary to raise interest in the ESG management of the distribution industry, and it is time for a countermeasure that fully considers the industrial characteristics to revitalize ESG. Therefore, in order to effectively implement ESG implementationin the distribution industry, differentiated ESG strategies need to be established around each industry. Therefore, this study will contribute to the spread of ESG management and expanding new investment opportunities in the Korean distribution industry.