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인공신경망 모델을 활용한 저심도 모듈러 지중열교환기의 난방성능 예측 에 관한 연구
오진환,남유진,조정흠,배상무,채호병 한국 지열 · 수열에너지학회 2022 한국지열에너지학회논문집 Vol.18 No.3
Ground source heat pump (GSHP) system is highly efficient and environment-friendly and supplies heating, cooling and hot water to buildings. For an optimal design of the GSHP system, the ground thermal properties should be determined to estimate the heat exchange rate between ground and borehole heat exchangers (BHE) and the system performance during long-term operating periods. However, the process increases the initial cost and construction period, which causes the system to be hindered in distribution. On the other hand, much research has been applied to the artificial neural network (ANN) to solve problems based on data efficiently and stably. This research proposes the predictive performance model utilizing ANN considering local characteristics and weather data for the predictive performance model. The ANN model predicts the entering water temperature (EWT) from the GHEs to the heat pump for the modular GHEs, which were developed to reduce the cost and spatial disadvantages of the vertical-type GHEs. As a result, the temperature error between the data and predicted results was 3.52%. The proposed approach was validated to predict the system performance and EWT of the GSHP system
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오진환 漢陽大學校 1973 論文集 Vol.7 No.-
Historically a human being is born to struggle to survive biologically and communicationally. Long before Darwin conceptualized this idea, human beings tried their best to sustain themselves. To survive, they have cooperated with one another and compromised themselves to adapt to the conditions of the environment. During the evolutionary processes, communication has played a vital role in exploiting survival knowledge, disseminating exploited knowledge to succeeding generations and developing new knowledge based on previous knowledge and enriching it with revolutionary scientific discoveries. All human civilizations have depended on communication between people and within one's self. Thus communication does not refer only to the verbal intentional transmission of messages, but includes all those processes by which people take things into account and people interact with one another. Communication, as defined here, is the process by which human beings take something into account to some end. Therefore, communication is like metabolism since human beings are biologically compelled to communicate in order to survive. Human beings cultivated themselves and their environment to feed and shelter themselves, and pursued a better, more comfortable, more enjoyable, and easier life. This has become a pattern of human living. For a better and easier life, human beings have created numerous techniques, slowly developing the present civilization. The mass communication system for an efficient society is one which is mainly devoted to creating useful information sources for its members. Journalists create such information sources from their perceptions of the events and decide which information sources should be channelized through mass communication systems. Here, we find the significance of the journalists' role in modern society. In a changing society their decisions often influence the perceptions of people. diffusion of innovation, and the rate of change. This phenomenon is clearer in developing countries which have to face dramatic changes from traditional society. They are providing information sources for people who take something into account from it. This study is based on the concept that journalists especially those in developing countries, are an important part of a relatively small but articulate intellectual stratum, and their influence potential in the processes of social development is much greater than are other professions such as medicine, law, education, etc. Despite the potentially important role journalists can perform, their effectiveness is often undermined by a deep sense of futility with which they regard their own professional role. At this point the important questions are whether they really realize their significant role or not. If so, how they perceive their professional role and what their attitudes are toward social development. This paper is a survey report of an examination of the attitudes of Korean journalists regarding the effectiveness of their professional roles and social development in the Republic of Korea. The data reported here come from a study of the attitudes of journalists toward social development in Korea. Interviews were conducted in the summer of 1971. Students in the department of journalism of the Hanyang University in Seoul personally interviewed a random sample of 201 journalists drawn from 30 daily newspapers and 51 television and radio stations in Korea. The collected data were primarily of five types: 1) the journalists' social and career background characteristics, 2) their professional commitment, 3) their perception of the role of the mass media in the processes of social development, 4) their perception of the degree of effectiveness of the journalistic profession, and finally 5) the demographic data for a better analysis. The data were processed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) computer program at the University of Iowa, U.S.A. These data were analysed in four parts: first the conceptual frame, second cynicism, third professional role perception, and lastly attitudes toward the social development in Korea. In cynicism, we found that Korean journalists who responded in this survey have considerable cynicism toward their professional effectiveness which is largely the result of frustration in their profession. Such cynicism was analysed along three dimensions: 1) knowledges of political reality, 2) professional commitment as journalists, and 3) experiences in the professional career. There was a tendency for those who have more experience in journalism, less commitment to their profession, and more knowledges about the political situation to have more cynical attitudes toward the effectiveness of their profession. In other words, non-political journalists who have less experience in journalism but feel more commitment to their profession showed less cynicism. In short, it seemed to the author that there was a tendency toward "uncritical negativism" among Korean journalists. In role perception, we found that Korean journalists fell into two groups in their attitudes toward the mass media's role in Korea : 1) political freedom seeking role and 2) social welfare seeking role. The analysis revealed that newspaper journalists had positive attitudes toward the political role of the mass media while broadcasting journalists had positive attitudes toward the social role of the mass media. Journalists in Seoul showed relatively low positive attitudes toward the social role of the mass media while the local hournalists showed higher positive attitudes toward the social role of the mass media. In the attitude toward the social development, we found that Korean journalists believed that there were strong relationships between the mars media and social development. However, their attitudes were clustered in three types: 1) positive cooperation, 2) cooperation, and 3) check and cooperation for social development. But they agreed in general that mass media have great influence potential in the processes of social change. In priorities of social development in Korea, they strongly pointed out that the clean-up of injustice and corruption is the most important social development, and it must be executed first. They emphasized that the spiritual support of the people is much more important than tole physical construction of highways or apartments. In summary, we have found that Korean journalists have cynical attitudes toward the effectiveness of their role in social development even though they believe that the role of mass media in the developing society is vital. This is an unfortunate phenomena that should be adjusted for better and more efficient social development in Korea.
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Does gravity matter? Evidence from Nepal’s trade pattern
오진환,Laxmi Prasad Prasai 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2012 International Area Studies Review Vol.15 No.2
In the midst of globalization, trade of goods and services has been increasingly important. As a World Trade Organization member, Nepal is no exception. Using the gravity model, this study examines Nepal’s trade pattern by analysing a panel dataset of the country’s bilateral trade flows with 94 countries for 29 years (1981–2009). The empirical results for the entire dataset followed the general prediction of the gravity model (positive coefficients for economic size and negative coefficients for distance). When the data was examined by dividing it into two based on Nepal’s economic liberalization in 1991, no significant structural breaks were found. However, when the dataset was re-examined by comparing the actual trade flows with the estimated ones, it was found that Nepal’s trade flows with China, Japan and ASEAN members were undermined, whereas its trade with India was excessively concentrated. It is therefore suggested that Nepal diversify its trading activities and reduce its trade dependency on India.
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