충남지역 D제철소 주변의 대기 및 토양의 중금속 농도, 제철소주변지역의 중금속분포에 관한 연구

염윤기(Yoon-ki Yom),지석기(Suk-ki Ji),이승헌(Seung-hun Li),조태진(Tea-jin Cho),전혜리(Hye-li Jeon),장봉기(Bong-ki Jang),손부순(Bu-soon Son) 대한환경위생공학회 2009 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The analyzed results of the heavy metal concentration of air and soil at the D iron-manufacturing company area were as follows; The concentration of PM2.5 in the case area exceeded the air standard level in 3 seasons except summer. The PM10 level was similar to the standard level, which was similar to the standard level, which was 50㎍/㎥. The Pb concentration of air in the case area was 0.13㎍/㎥, which was slightly higher than 0.11㎍/㎥ in the control area. The concentration of Cd and Cr were higher in the control area. The heavy metal (Pb) concentration of soil in the case area was 10.7㎍/㎥, which was higher than that of the control area. For these results, it is necessary for the D iron-manufacturing company area to consider a counter plan for dusts and are duction plan for the heavy metal (Pb).

Friend Anemia Virus에 감염된 BALB/c 생쥐를 이용한 항AIDS약물의 생체내 약효검색

안형수(Hyung Soo Ann),염윤기(Yoon Ki Yom),장영수(Young Soo Chang) 대한약학회 1995 약학회지 Vol.39 No.6

Inoculation of Friend anemia virus, which was a kind of retro virus such as HIV, results splenomegaly, anemia, the increase of WBC counts and reverse transcriptase activity in serum. These results were due to the inhibition of the differentiation of erythroid progenitor cell by the FVA at the spleen. Using these as index of antiviral effects, we pursued the establishment of in vivo screening method for the new anti-AIDS drugs. Among zidovudine, didanosine and zalcitabine, which were already approved as anti-AIDS drugs, treatment of zidovudine for 18 days in BALB/c mice inoculated with Friend anemia virus resulted the most potent inhibitory effects on the splenomegaly, the increase of WBC counts and reverse transcriptase activity, but did not recover the anemia due to the toxicity of zidovudine itself on the bone marrow. The antiviral effects of zidovudine was reduced in case of zidovudine treatment 7 days after Friend anemia virus inoculation. These results suggested that the sooner treatment of zidovudine would be better improved when the virus was inoculated. Human recombinant interferon alpha itself did not show the antiviral activity against Friend anemia virus and also did not affect the antiviral activity of zidovudine. These results suggested that Friend anemia virus would be used as a tool in vivo screening method for the inhibitor of reverse transcriptase.

SHR에 있어 Enalapril의 ACE 억제효과에 대한 Ginkgo biloba Extract(EGb 761)의 영향

이영미(Young Mi Lee),염윤기(Yoon Ki Yom),신완균(Wan Kyun Shin),손의동(Uy Dong Sohn),안형수(Hyung Soo Ann) 大韓藥學會 2001 약학회지 Vol.45 No.1

Drug inetraction between of enalapril-induced angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory effect and Ginkgo biloba Ext.-induceed antioxidant action evaluated in spontaneously hyperensive rats. Combination treatment of enalapril (20mg/kg/day,p.o.) and Ginkgo biloba Ext. (60mg/kg/day,p.o.) for 6 weeks in drinking water to SHRs resulted the inhibition of ACE activity in lung tissue, angiotensin I-induced pressure reponse and plasma angiotensin II concentration as similar to enalarpril alone treatmeant. But these effects were sustained after 1 week withdrawal of enalapril and Ginkgo biloba Ext. co-administeration. Also, coadministered group did not increse the concentration of bradykinin in lung tissue, which were different from enalapril alone treated group. Co-administration of enalapril and Ginkgo biloba Ext. inhibited the hemolysis induced by UV B type, eyen Ginkgo biloba Ext. alone treated group did not. These results suggested that Ginkgo biloba Ext. sustained ACE inhibitory dffect and reduced the inhibitiry effect of bradykinin inactivation induceed by enalapril, meanwhile, enalapril increased the antioxidant effect of Ginkgo biloba Ext.

서울ㆍ아산지역 호흡성먼지의 금속함량에 관한 연구

최윤나(Yun-Na Choi),전용택(Yong-Taek Jeon),장봉기(Bong-Ki Jang),양원호(Won-Ho Yang),염윤기(Yoon-Ki Yom),손부순(Bu-Soon Son) 대한환경위생공학회 2008 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to characterize background mass concentration of PM₁?, PM2.5 and metallic composition from June 2004 to June 2005 in comparison with Seoul and Asan city. The results were as follows: 1. Annual mean of PM₁₂ concentrations in Seoul and Asan were 56.95(±25.63)㎍/㎥, 57.02(±27.22)㎍/㎥ respectly. 2. Annual mean of PM2.5 concentrations in Seoul and Asan were 46.97(±40.36)㎍/㎥, 42.16(±21.79)㎍/㎥ respectly. 3. The average PM2.5/PM₁? ratio was 0.82 in Seoul and 0.74 in Asan city. 4. The concentration of PM₁?, PM2.5 were the highest in spring and the lowest in summer. Asan was higher than Seoul in spring and summer. 5. The results showed that average PM₁? composition order as Si>Fe>Pb>Zn>]Mn in Seoul and Si>Fe>Zn>Pb>Mn in Asan. The concentration of metals in PM₁? of Seoul that Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn were high in spring and Zn was low in Fall. Fe, Mn were high in spring of Asan. 6. The results showed that average PM2.5 composition order as Si>Pb>Fe>Zn>Mn in Seoul and Si>Fe>Pb>Zn>Cr in Asan. The concentration of metals in PM2.5 of Seoul that Cr was high in spring. 7. The result showed that relation between Cr and Cu, Cu and Fe, Fe and Mn, Mn and Zn, Zn and Si in Seoul, Cr and Zn, Cu and Pb, Zn and Pb, Pb and Mn in Asan. The result showed that PM₁? concentration exceeding 50㎍/㎥(US-EPA Standard) and PM2.5 concentration exceeding 15㎍/㎥(US-EPA Standard). In urban area, the monitoring of PM2.5 permits the anthropogenic sources and the interference of natural sources with respect to PM₁? measurements.

Risk Science에 있어서 疫學의 役割

손부순,염윤기 서울大學校保健大學院 1997 國民保健硏究所硏究論叢 Vol.7 No.1

In this study, emphasis is placed on the importance of epidemiology which has clearly and objectively shown, through the data analysis, some health risks which threaten human population. The final goal of problem solving for the risks is the estimation of human health risk and the establishment of a health risk counter-plan. Therefore, because of the existence of uncertain risk factors, the epidemiological methodology is essential in order to objectively analyze the obstacles to health risks.

새로운 세파로스포린 유도체의 합성에 관한 연구

박병수,최원식,염윤기 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.3 No.1

New cephalosporin antibiotics, 7-[(5-ethylthio-3-hydroxyisothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]-3-(hetero-cyclothiomethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid derivatives(2a-2d) and 7-[(5-ethyl-thio-3-hydroxyisothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]-3-[(4-carbonyl-5-ethylthioisothiazol-3-yl)oxymethyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid(2e) and 7-[(5-ethylthio-3-hydroxyisothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]-3-(pyridinummethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylate(2f) were synthesized. The structure of these compound(2a-2f) were confirmed by means of IR and ¹H-NMR-spectrum.

Cefixime 경구제제인 포픽심캅셀의 생물학적 동등성 연구

염윤기 한국병원약사회 2002 병원약사회지 Vol.19 No.4

The bioequivalence of generic cefixime(Pofixim, Kwangmyung Pharmaceutical Co.) capsule to the cefixime capsule(Suprax, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co.) as a reference drug. Single dose of 100㎎ cefixime was administered to 20 healthy male volunteers in a balanced, randomized crossover design with a washout between the two study periods. Blood samples were collected up to 14 hours and plasma concentration of cefixime was measured by well validated reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by non-compartmental analysis and ANOVA test was used for the statistical analysis of parameter. No statistically significant formulation, period, or sequence effect was encountered. Ninety percent confidence intervals of log transformed C_(max) and AUC_(t) were comprised in the stipulated 0.80-1.25 range. These results suggest that test formulation of cefixime can be declared bioequivalent with the reference, both formulations in 100㎎ capsule.

아산시 송악저수지의 수질오염 현황 및 부영양화 저감방안 연구

손부순,염윤기,이종화,장봉기,박종안 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.4 No.2

This study was conducted to estimate the water pollution load, water quantity and quality of inflow stream, status of water pollution and reduction of eutrophication in the Song-ak lake in Asan city. Inflow of branch to Song-ak lake has three streams, one is Eu-gok stream which has the most width of inflow area and another is Dong-hwa stream and the other is Ma-gok stream. The sampling numbers for water quality are 30 points from the sediment of bottom in the Song-ak lake from June, 1997 to ay, 1998. Water quality had been tested for water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen(DO), chemical oxygen demand(COD), suspended solid(SS), total nitrogen(T-N), total phosphorus(T-P), colony numbers of E. coli, chlorophyll-α. The total nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metals(Fe, Pb, Cd) were analyzed by the migration test of the sediment. The results were as follows; The rate of water pollution by the livestock wastewater of the total water pollution load for BOD, SS, T-N and T-P were 59.8%, 82.9%, 56.1% and 90.6%, respectively. Mean daily inflow was 25,369m3. Quantity of inflow was highest at Eu-gok stream. The mean levels of pH, DO, COD, SS, T-N, and colony numbers of E. coli of the inflow water were 7.52, 10.25mg/ℓ, 2.12 mg/ℓ, 3.03 mg/ℓ, 2.25 mg/ℓ, 0.11 mg/ℓ and 1,795/100㎖, respectively. The worst inflow water quality was observed at Dong-hwa stream. The mean levels of pH, DO, COD, SS, T-N, T-P, T-N/T-P and colony numbers of E. coli at Song-ak lake were 8.06, 9.32mg/ℓ, 6.83 mg/ℓ, 4.78 mg/ℓ, 1.66 mg/ℓ, 0.115 mg/ℓ, 20.75 and 64/100㎖, respectively. these are higher than class IV by environmental water quality standards for lake. Mean level of trophic state index was 59.4. The mean levels of T-N, T-P, Fe and Pb by migration test of sediment at Song-ak lake were 259.7ppm, 10.546ppm, 1,704ppm and 8.54ppm, respectively. As the water pollution was mainly caused by livestock waste, the strategy for the reduction of eutrophication of the Song-ak lake should be concentrated on the control of the livestock waste.

알코올성 췌장염 환자에서 CYP2E1 유전자형의 다형성

김일환,염윤기,채석,권준택,김형기,박상흠 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Cytochrome P4502E1(CYP2E1) is inducible by ethyl alcohol and activates procarcinogenic N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA), benzene, urethane and other lower molecular weight compound. CYP2E1 is also involved in metabolism of certain drugs, for example, alcohol, acetaminophen, tamoxifen, theophylline, flouorinated anesthetics, and chlorozoxazone. CYP2E1 activity was shown to be polymorphically distributed in humans and has been suggested to play a role in hepatocellular carcinoma and alcoholic related disorders. Although genetic predispodition to alcoholism and alcoholic liver disease has been reported, genetic susceptibility to alcoholic pancreatitis is still a matter of debate. The aims of this study were to investigate the allelic frequency of CYP2E1 Rsa I polymorphism in Koreans with alcoholic pancreatitis patients. We investigated the frequency distribution of CYP2E1 Rsa I polymorphism in 212 unrelated healthy Koreans and 64 alcoholic pancreatitis patients. Detection of the CYP2E1 alleles was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length analysis. The genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood with conventional phenol: chloroforn extraction method. The allelic frequencies of c1 and c2 in healty volunteers were 0.85 and 0.15, respectively. The allelic frequencies of c1 and c2 in alcoholic pancreatitis patients were 0.8 and 0.2, respectively. The rare type (c2/c2) of CYP2E1 Rsa I polymorphism was 0.005 and 0.031 (p<0.001) in healthy volunteers and alcoholic pancreatitis patients, respectively. However, the CYP2E1 genotype showed no significant relation to the alcoholic pancreatitis patients. It was suggested that the risk of alcoholic pancreatitis diagnosed clinically seem to be not associated with the CYP2E1 genotype.

혈장 중 theophylline 분석법 확립 및 약동학적 연구

김형기,권준택,염윤기 순천향대학교 교수학습개발센터 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.3

배경 및 목적 : 치료적 약물농도 모니터링이나 약물 상호작용연구에 활용할 수 있는 빠르고 간단한 혈중 theophylline의 분석방법을 확립한다. 재료 및 방법 : 표준 혈장시료에 1N HCl 100 ㎕를 첨가하고 내부 표준물질 7-(β-hydroxy-propyl) theophylline (50 ㎍/ml) 50 ㎕를 첨가한후 diethyl ether를 이용하여 추출한 후 질소기류하에서 건조하여 이동상으로 재용해한 후 C18 reverse-phase column에 주입하여 280 nm의 자외선파장에서 HPLC system을 이용하여 검출하였다. 표준 혈장시료를 이용하여 일내- 일간 정밀성과 정확성, 회수율, 단기, 장기 안정성 및 냉해동 안정성을 평가하여 분석방법을 검증하였다. 결과 : 최소검출농도는 0.1 ㎍/ml로 10 ㎍/ml의 농도까지 직선성을 관찰할 수 있었으며 일내- 일간 정밀성과 정확성, 회수율 및 단기, 장기 안정성 및 냉해동 안정성 모두 CV%가 10 % 이내로 분석방법을 확립하였다. 결론 : 본 실험결과 theophylline의 치료적 약물농도 모니터링 및 약물상호작용에 관련된 연구에 활용할 수 있는 빠르고 간단한 분석방법을 확립하였다.