소화불량증을 가진 혈액투석 환자에서 피부 위전도 측정

지정훈(Jeong Hoon Ji),이태원(Tae Won Lee),박영선(Young Sun Park),최기원(Ki Won Choi),김혜영(Hye Young Kim),박선미(Sun Mi Park),채희복(Hoe Bok Chai),엄재호(Jae Ho Um),윤세진(Sei Jin Youn) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2001 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.7 No.1

N/A Background/Aims: The changes in an Electrogastrography (EGG) in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis with dyspeptic complaints are not well known. The aim of this study was to investigate the EGG findings in uremic patients with dyspeptic complaints and note the difference of EGG findings between uremic patients with dyspeptic complaints and patients with functional dyspepsia. Methods: Fifty two subjects were enrolled. They were assigned to: group I, healthy volunteers without dyspeptic complaints (n=15); group II, patients with dysmotility-like dyspepsia (n=22); or group III, uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis with dysmotility-like dyspepsia (n=15). The data was compared among groups. Results: There was no difference in the percentage of normal slow wave frequency, and fed to fasting power ratio among the groups. However, frequencies of abnormal EGG findings were 4 (27%) in group I, 10 (40%) group II and 9 (60%) in group III. Therefore the frequency was marginally different among group I, group II or group III (p=0.06). Conclusions: Impaired gastric myoelectric activity was more frequently observed in uremic patients or patients with dysmotility-like dyspepsia than normal controls. However frequencies of abnormal EGG findings between uremic patients and patients with dysmotility-like dyspepsia were not significantly different. (Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Motility 2001;7:47-55)

심근경색 후 생긴 심실류의 심근 SPECT소견

고창순(Chang Soon Koh),이명철(Myung Chul Lee),이영우(Young Woo Lee),박영배(Young Bae Park),고은미(Eun Mi Koh),이경한(Kyung Han Lee),엄재호(Jae Ho Um),김명아(Myung Ah Kim),오병희(Byung Hee Oh) 대한핵의학회 1989 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.23 No.1

N/A To assess the usefulness of myocardial SPECT imaging to detect post-myocardial infarction ventricular aneurysms, we analyzed the Technetium-99m MIBI myocardial SPECT images of 16 patients with anterior and/or apical infarction, 9 had the previously reported findings of failure of convergence of the left ventricular walls toward the apex on SPECT images and 8 of them also had ventricular aneurysms. The ventriculography of the 2 patients with mixed pattern revealed 1 case of ventricular aneurysm and 1 case without aneurysm. Among the remaining 5 patients with converging pattern, none had ventricular aneurysm. Of the other 11 patients with inferior and/or lateral wall infarction, 1 patient had ventricular aneurysm and the SPECT image couldn't detect the aneurysm. Tc-99m-MIBI myocardial SPECT images for the detection of ventricular aneurysm had a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 88%, and an accuracy of 89%. Thus we could get the information about presence of ventricular aneurysm as well as the status of the myocardial perfusion from the Tc-99m MIBI myocardial SPECT images.

北傀의 對南戰略

李宇榮,嚴載鎬 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1978 평화연구 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this treatise is designed to study and analyze the North Korth korea's strategy against South Korea, and take a proper step to prepare against North Korea's aggression. Achieving the purpose, they study the process of North Korea's strategy against South Korea since, 1945. According to the linner and outside situation their strategy have been changing, but we can point out thei main strategy : the armed offensive and the offesive. After the 1945 Liberation of Korea, taking advantage of the confusion, outwardly camouflaging their strategy they built up the military strength. As soon as American Government finished the withdrawal of American troops, just before a grey dawn came up over the peninsula, North Korea's Communist army started to roll South on June 25 1950. All along the parallel-the boundary between North and South Korea-the invaders met only little resistance. Moscow was widely believed to have launched the Korea attack as a "reconnaissance in force," as a test of American determination. If that was Moscow's purpose, it had succeeded. The Red attack in Korea had at last shocked the U.S. into action. Until The Armistice Agreement would be signed, the puppet group tried to form a front against South Korea and build the underground operation's group as the guerilla unit. After The Armistice Agreement, they destroyed the underground operation's group that consisted of South Laborites, for they were contending for supermacyin North Korea. While they were promoting economic rehabilitation, their indirect aggression against South Korea in attempt to destroy and disturb public order and break down South Korea Government. April 19th Student Revolution broke out in 1960. They hoped much from the students, taking them for their sympathizers. But the sutdent's declaration of anti-Comintern gave them a great despair and suprise. May 16th Army Revolution re-consolidated political, econmic and social system, and accelerated economic development. South Korea's economic growth made them fear. In North Korea, they have been concentrating their effort on increasing their military strength and armed force. Both South and North Korea have formidable military establishments, but a comb ination of military, political, and psychological factors gives the North the edge despite the South's large population, much larger GNP, and greater porductivity. The North is largely equipped by the Soviet Union and the South by the United States. At last they declare openly military attack on South Korea in attempt to red-unificate. The most important factor, however, is the political and military orientation of North Korean forces, whcih are designed more for attack than defence. The situation is reversed. The basic North Korea's strategy are : 1. Increasing revolutionary capability of communzing in South Korea. 2. Soldifing underground maneouvering of spies and guerillas. 3. Building and solidifing united front.

Marxism의 國家論批判

嚴載鎬 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1983 평화연구 Vol.8 No.-

정치란 국가사회에서 출발하여 국가사회로 귀양하는 것이다. 인간이 정치적 동물이라는 것을 부인하지 못한다면 국가 또한 부인할 수 없는 것이고, 따라서 국가의 존재는 계속될 것이다. 물론 역사상 개개의 국가는 사라지고 생겨나는 예가 없지 않으나, 근본적인 소멸은 없었고 있을 수 없을 것이다. 그 생멸의 형태는 민족적 의지에 의하여 생겨나고, 타 국가에 의해 사라졌을 뿐 국가사회의 일반적인 소멸은 아니었다.

民防衛敎育에 關한 硏究

金春植,李宇榮,韓點洙,嚴載鎬 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1978 평화연구 Vol.4 No.-

Ⅰ. The objects of the study : to make the meaning of the civil defense clearly, to learn the outlines of the contents and the systems of the foreign countries' civil defense, and to learn by testing our present stages of the civil defense education and pick up the general problem and to survey and analyze precisely, and at the last in order to help the policy-decision making and the educational developmental reformation by the data. Ⅱ. The methods of the study : firstly, by the method of the learning through the papers, after the study about the meaning of civil defense system historical and to analyze the contents of the present education of it, secondly, by the method of social survey, we took the whole members of kyung-sang-pook-do area as the mother-group and, as the people to be really surveyed, pick up the graduates who had been trained in kyung-pook Educational Institutes for the Farmers and the Educational Institutes of Kyung-pook Branch of the Central Association of Agricultural Co-operatives during the term from June to October, 1878. But the fifty of them did not reply, we relay dealt 950 members' answers for the analysis. Ⅲ. The contents of this study are : 1. Introduction 2. The general meaning of the civil defense and the outlines on the foreign civil defense systems. 3. An analysis of social surveys on our civil defense. Ⅳ. Conclusion Now hear, especially we write the summary from the analysis of the social surveys on our civil defense as followings: 1. In the necessity of the civil defense education, the people have a correct understanding of it. Of course they have been in a little trouble of their occupation under the influence of the civil defense education since the civil defense system had been established in 1975. In spite of the trouble they were convinced of the necessity of the civil defense for the national security and natural disaster rehabilitation. 2. The people hoped to be trained for 20 hours on the average during the course of a year. Training hours that they wanted differ from region to region. In the great cities they wanted to have 10 hours a year, but on the other hand they wanted 30 hours in the other regions. And they wanted that the civil defense education is given 6 times a year : twice in spring, once in summer, twice in Fall and once in winter. Within the month, they wanted to be educated and trained in the course of the second week or the third week, and within the day they wanted to have the training hours in the evening or in the night, but in the cities they wanted to have it in the day time, according to their business their wants are different. 3. The tradition and the morality peculiar to the Korea are within the power to organize the echelons of civil defense. The formation of the echelon wanted to be formed according to their occupations and ages. In the selecting the echelon-leaders, 52% of the surveyed showed the response that the present selecting method is faultlessness. Especially 47% out of the youths asserted the members of the echelon-leader among the members, and 37% out of public service personnel asserted the mutual election. About 20% out of the surveyed showed the response that the exclusive responsibility personnel were incompetent, 63% of the surveyed demanded the civil defense facilities. 4. The educational contents and effects. The youth were dissatisfied with the educational contents, so it is demanded that the echelons are formed according to ages occupations and regions. Especially the training methods for the illiterates, farmers and fishers must be considered. Generally it is responsed that the civil defense training was good for their conduct of life. But that was not all very well in the young class, so we have to plan the precise program of the civil defense education and training. The civil defense education must be taken as a life in order to strengthen the spirit of the defense. 5. The method of mobilizing echelon-members, Almost members wanted that they were informed six days before the education and train. The present network was better than the emergency lines as an emergency call-method. 6. The civil defense training was in a little trouble of their occupations, but it was good for their spiritual life. Farmers, fishers and the working class responsed that the training did harm to their occupations. That is a considerable problems. 7. It was said that the present civil defense system was not enough to coping with the mad desire of the North Korean aggression to the South Korea. We have to strengthen the civil defense system and the program of civil defense education for the national defense.

Marx의 階級鬪爭論批判

嚴載鎬 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1981 평화연구 Vol.7 No.-

北傀權力形成期의 葛藤

嚴載鎬 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1979 평화연구 Vol.5 No.-

UNDP in Korea

Um,Jae Ho 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1978 평화연구 Vol.3 No.-

本小稿는 國際聯合의 後進國開發計劃事業에 根據한 國際聯合의 諸報告書와 우리政府의 記錄, 各種刊行物 그리고 小冊子를 資料로 考察 . 整理한 것이다. 數値가 多少現實的 感覺에 符合되지 않음은 數年前에 出刊된 資料를 中心으로 硏究된 것이기 때문이다. 第三次 經濟開發計劃이 完了된 지금에 와서 時期的인 差로 經濟數値上의 意義는 없다하드라도 本稿가 意圖하는 것은 UN의 開發計劃과 우리의 經濟計劃間의 相關關係를 把握함으로써 韓國에 있어서의 UN의 開發計劃을 考察하는데 있기 때문에 그 意義를 찾을 수 있으리라 본다. 本稿에서늬 煥率은 400 : 1 로 處理되었다. 그리고 脫稿와 發表時間의 隔差가 있음을 밝혀 두고자 한다. 後進國에서는 國內貯蓄과 租稅만으로 所期의 目的達成을 얻기란 어려우며, 또한 在來武技術 및 方法으로도 經濟成長을 一定한 水準에 끌어올리기는 어렵다. 오늘날 많은 國家들이 技術協助와 海外資本導入 및 外資誘致에 커다란 關心을 가지고 있다. 이러한 要請에 따라 많은 經濟 . 技術協力機構가 設置되었고, 活動中이다. 本稿에서 經濟社會理事會의 勸告에 依해 技術支援擴散計劃과 UN 特別基金의 提携로 UN 總會에서 1965年에 設置되었으며, 農業, 工業, 敎育, 科學, 公共써비스, 保健, 住宅 그리고 社會福祉等廣範한 分野에 걸쳐 130餘個國과 關係를 맺고 後進國 開發을 爲한 技術援助, 資源調査等을 맡으며 開發援助計劃을 調整하고 있는 UNEP가 韓國에 있어서 작용을 다루었다. 韓國의 開發計劃에 있어서는 1951年부터 UNDP가 協力하고 있는 UN機構들이 參與하고 있는데, 1950年 7月 8日 共産主義의 侵略에 應戰하기 爲해 設置된 UN司令部가 첫UN機構의 하나로 登場했다. 1950年 10월 7日에 設置된 國際聯合韓國統一復與委員會(UNCURK)는 UNDP와 아무 關聯이 없었으나 韓國의 統一과 經濟建設에 寄與해 왔다. 1950年 12月 1日엔 第五次 國際聯合總會決議로 國際聯合韓國再建團(UNKRA)이 創設되었다. 이UNKRA 援助는 韓國戰爭을 契機로 하여 韓國民의 經濟, 韓國의 經濟的 自立을 돕는 國際聯合의 援助로서 많은 責獻을 하였는데 1955年 그 活動을 中斷할 때 까지 約 140,000,000弗을 韓國에 提助한바 있다. UNDP와 關聯을 맺고 있는 機構로 韓國政府와 關係를 맺고 있는 機構들로는 1951年 9月 韓國政府와 協定을 가진 世界保健機構(WHO), 1953年 12月 UN食糧農業機構(FAO), 1958年 7月19日 國際聯合技術援助處(TAB), 標準技術援助協定(STAA), UN特別基金과 1961年 4月 21日의 協定이 있었고 그 後 1965年 UNDP로 變形된 EPTA(技術援助擴散計劃)의 初代 駐韓代表로 New Zealand의 W. Roy Lucas 가 1963年 1月 韓國에 옴으로 UNDP의 計劃이 確立되기 始作했다. UNDP는 UN 의 他專門機構의 活動을 調整하고 그 計劃을 遂行하기 위한 UN 基金을 配定하는 役을 맡고 있다. 1967年 1月부터 科學技術處와 協力을 맺었으나, 우리 政府의 期待에 滿足시킬 수는 없었다. 우리 政府의 關心은 國際開發과 先進國으로부터의 借款에 기울어지고 있었다. 政府는 各 國際專門機構와 協定에 調印하였다. 이는 UNDP가 內的協力機構로 韓國政府와 더 密接한 關係를 促進하기 爲하여 새로운 計劃에 의한 것이었는데 1958年 6月 19日 標準技行援助協定(STAA)에 調印했고, 國際勞動機構, UN敎育科學文化機構, UN食糧農業機構, 國際民間航空機構, 世界保健機構, 國際電氣通信聯合, 世界氣象機構, 그리고 1963年 5月18日 國際原子力機構와 萬國郵便聯合과의 協定, 1961年 4月 21日 UN特別基金과의 協定을 맺음으로써 各 分野에 걸쳐 專門的인 開發協力의 길을 터놓았다. 1972年 9月을 基準으로 駐韓外國人 技術專門家, 下請人, 그리고 專門機構의 首席 幹部가 모두 91名이었다. 이들은 서울 58名 수원 9명, 부산 6명, 대구 6명 그리고 청주에 2名씩 各各 散在해서 地方開發事業에 奇與하고 있는데, 機構別로 보면 UN-OTC-6,UNESCO-2, IMF-1,ILO-13, IAEA-1, IBRD-8, FAD-39, WHO-11, 分布되어 있었으며, 國籍으로는 Australia人이 2名, Belgium-1, Bolivia-1, Canada-3, Republic of China-2, Denmark-1, Egypt-1, France-1, Greece-1, West Germany-6, Iceland-2, India-4, Ireland-1, Israel-2, Japan-4, Lebanon-1, Malaysia-1, Netherlands-3, New Zealand-1, Norway-1, Pakistan-1, Sweden-3, Turkey-1, Thailan-1, United Kingdom-14, United States가 22名 으로 나타나고 있는데 이들은 韓國에 駐在하면서 開發事業에 直接 . 間接으로 參與하고 있다. UNDP는 1972年以來 UN開發計劃援助를 위한 地方計劃案을 作成하여 어떻게 適用시는가에 따라 韓國에 있어서 UNDP의 價置를 決定짓는 것이라 보고 있다. 特히 第三次 經濟開發五個年計劃期間中遂行할 UNDP의 計劃中 分野別로 살펴 볼때 農業部門에서 土壤調査事業에 關한 計劃案이었다. 細部案은 效果的인 ??法고 土質管理, 그리고 農事知識을 訓練시키는 것과 基本的인 土質群의 地理的分配造成을 위한 仔細한 土壤調査와 13種의 土壤調査 그리고 調査方法論의 詳細한 訓練등이다. 이러한 計劃에 韓國政府는 水稻作에 必要한 知識普及과 開發計劃의 缺陷을 메꾸려는 第三次 經濟開發五個年計劃에 呼應해 줄 것을 UNDP에 要請했다. 農業部門에 UNDP는 15,000,000弗을 投入하고 技術援助와專門敎育까지 맡았다. 高地開發計劃에 2,000,000弗, 漁業部門에 1,300,000弗, 漁業加工部門에 400,000弗, 觀光部門에 400,000弗 等 諸部面에 걸쳐 재정 . 技術支援을 提供하고 있다. 우리 政府의 立場에선 UNDP의 財政的 支援는 美國을 따르지 못했다. 勿論 UNDP의 對象國은 130餘國을 넘고 있는데 비해 UN은 하나라는 것을 잊어서는 안될 것이다. 다만 우리는 UNDP의 많은 計劃案을 提供받았다는 事實만을 否認해서는 안될 것이다. Keith Davis가 "後進國의 無視된 社會的인 條件은 人間資源의 未開發이다"고 指摘한 바와같이 모든 分野에서 專門的인 技術不足을 느끼고 있는 現實에서 長期的인 對策을 確立하는 뜻에 우리는 UNDP의 支援計劃을 最大로 活用하고 專門的일 技術導入線으로 삼아 우리의 經濟開發에 拍車를 加해야 할 것이다. 紙面限界性으로 第三次經濟開發五個年界計劃과 關聯지워진 部分만 揭載한 것임을 밝혀둔다.

UNDP in Korea(Ⅱ)

Um, Jae-Ho 경북대학교 평화문제연구소 1980 평화연구 Vol.6 No.-