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      • KCI등재

        ZFC와 열거불가능성

        안요한 ( Yohan An ) 한국논리학회 2019 논리연구 Vol.22 No.1

        If 1st order ZFC is consistent(has a model(M<sub>1</sub>)) it has a transitive denumerable model(M<sub>2</sub>). This leads to a paradoxical situation called 'Skolem paradox'. This can be easily resolved by Skolem's typical resolution. but In the process, we must accept the model theoretic relativity for the concept of set. This relativity can generate a situation where the meaning of the set concept, for example, < x is not denumerable > is given differently depending on the two models. The problem is next. because the sentence ‘-denu(PN)’ which indicate that PN is not denumerable is equally true in two models, A indistinguishability problem that the concept < -denu > is not formally indistinguishable in ZFC arise. First, I will give a detail analysis of what the nature of this problem is. And I will provide three ways of responding to this problem from the standpoint of supporting ZFC. First, I will argue that < -denu > concept, which can be relative to the different models, can be 'almost' distinguished in ZFC by using the formalization of model theory in ZFC. Second, I will show that < -denu > can change its meaning intrinsically or naturally, by its contextual dependency from the semantic considerations about quantifier that plays a key role in the relativity of < -denu >. Thus, I will show the model-relative meaning change of < -denu > concept is a natural phenomenon external to the language, not a matter of responsible for ZFC.

      • 공기-물 히트펌프와 결합된 PCM 축열조의 연간 급탕 에너지 성능에 관한 연구

        안요한(Yohan An),함세현(Se Hyeon Ham),김용찬(Yongchan Kim) 대한설비공학회 2024 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2024 No.11

        Domestic hot water and space heating are occupying more than 65% of carbon dioxide emissions from residential sector, highlighting the critical need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from these sources. Heat pumps are promising products that can cover the domestic hot water load with higher efficiency than conventional boiler and electric heater system. In addition, phase change materials (PCMs) have received attention as thermal energy storage because of its high thermal energy density and isothermal characteristics during charging and discharging. In this study, heat pumps integrated with water and PCM thermal energy storages were analyzed to address domestic hot water demands of residential apartment. The system annual energy performance was analyzed using TRNSYS with domestic hot water demand profile of apartment in Gyeonggi-do. As a result, the energy consumption of the water thermal energy storage integrated with heat pump was 28.4% of that of the boiler system. The PCM thermal energy storage integrated with heat pump can reduce storage volume by 65% compared to water storage, while maintaining same energy consumption as water storage integrated with heat pump.

      • 해양바이오 사업화를 위한 국가 R&D 개선 방향

        한기원 ( Ki Won Han ),안요한 ( Yohan An ) 충남연구원 2021 충남연구 Vol.5 No.1

        Marine bio technology has been listed as one of the major national R&D projects since early 2000 and related investments have been on increase coupled with search for their commercializations by governments. Nonetheless, performance of marine bio R&D is good in number of articles and patents, whereas poor in their commercialization with few successful references. This study derives the status of marine bio national R&D projects and problems of commercialization through in-depth expert interviews, and proposes improvement plans based on them. The in-depth expert interviews were conducted seven times with eight experts from industry, academia, research and government sectors on marine bio policy, national R&D, companies, and marine bio overall. In order to promote the commercialization of national marine biotechnology R&D, it is necessary to secure homogeneity of national marine biotechnology R&D projects within programs and expand strategic investment. In terms of national R&D, it was suggested to increase the efficiency of R&D management and support, improve evaluation system and performance indicators, and promote information sharing be- tween institutions. From the perspective of commercialization, the establishment of a success model and expansion of business-led R&D projects were suggested as improvement measures. Lastly, it is proposed that the training of marine bio experts is an important factor in commercialization.

      • KCI등재

        여유자원의 비선형성과 국제화

        남현정(Hyun-Jung Nam),박춘광(Chun-Gwang Park),안요한(Yohan An) 한국산업경제학회 2015 산업경제연구 Vol.28 No.4

        본 연구는 국제화에 영향을 미치는 여러 주요 요인들 가운데 여유자원이 국제화에 미치는 영향에 관하여 조사하고자 한다. 구체적으로 글로벌 금융위기 이후의 여유자원이 국제화에 미치는 영향과 여유자원과 국제화 사이의 비선형 관계를 검증하는 것에 연구의 초점을 두었다. 분석을 위하여 2000년부터 2013년까지 최근 14년 동안 유가증권시장의 4,325개의 관측치 393개 기업의 자료를 사용하여 글로벌 금융위기 전후의 결과를 비교하기 위하여 2000-2007년, 2008-2013년으로 분석기간을 분류하였다. 합동(pooled) OLS, 고정효과모형(fixed effect model) 그리고 확률효과모형 (random effect model)으로 연구가설에 대한 실증분석을 실시하였고, 하우즈만 검증과 F 검증을 통해 고정효과모형을 채택하였다. 분석결과, 글로벌 금융위기 이후 여유자원은 국제화에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 기업의 과도한 여유자원이 기업의 국제화에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 여유자원의 증가는 국제화를 가속화시켜 국제화에 긍정적인 영향을 미치나, 과도한 여유자원은 경영자의 자유재량의 발생으로 국제화에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 본 연구의 학문적 함의점은 기존의 여유자원에 관한 연구에서 많이 고려하지 못했던, 글로벌 금융위기 이후 기업의 여유자원과 국제화와의 비선형성을 입증함으로써 여유자원에 관한 연구의 폭을 넓힐 수 있었다. 또한 기업의 과도한 여유자원이 최근 과세의 대상이 되고 있다는 점을 감안하면 본 연구의 자료는 기업과 정부를 대상으로 정책적?실무적 시사점을 제공할 수 있는 기회가 될 것이다. This study investigates the impact of slack resources on internalization of firms. In a material way, this study focuses on testing non-linearity between slack resources and internalization of firms after global financial crisis. This study investigates panel data set over a fourteen-year period from 2000 to 2013 of firms listed on the Korean Stock Exchange (KSE). The sample consists of 393 firms with a total 4,325 observations. With regard to methodology, pooled-OLS, fixed effect model, and random effect model are tested, then this study employes fixed effect model after verifying Hausman and F-test. As empirical results, slack resources positively significant with internalization of firms after global financial crisis, while excessive slack resources negatively affect firms" internalization. Growth of slack resources positively affects internalization by accelerating firm"s internalization, but excessive slack resources negatively related to internalization because of management discretion. This study contributes expanding research on the association between slack resources and firms" internalization as well as testing non-linearlity between them after global financial crisis In addition, this study provides good practical and policy implication with firms and government considering recent trends that excessive slack resources of firms are an object of taxation.

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