미·북관계의 전개 : 쟁점과 전망 Issues and Prospects

안병준 한국전략문제연구소 1998 전략연구 Vol.5 No.1

U.S.-North Korean relations are turning from confrontation to normalization after the end of the Cold War. Now that the Soviet Union is gone and the Cold War over, North Korea is no longer a direct threat to the U.S.. On the other hand, the U.S. has become the only superpower that can ensure the survival and development of North Korea. The overall direction of U.S.-North Korean relations will develop toward normalization but when and how this will be realized will be subject to constraints of North-South Korean relations and U.S.-North Korean relations. As of October 1997. they are at the stage of opening their bilateral negotiation. Whether they will go beyond this level will depends on how North Korea undergoes under Kim Jong 11 who has just assumed the post relationship with South Korea. Major issues at stake in these relations include the Geneva Framework Agreement, negotiation on missile and U.S. soldiers missed in action. establishing liaison offices, and resuming four-party of North-South Korean and U.S.-South Korean relations is the most thorny issue of all the North's refusal to talk with the South while trying to negotiate a peace agreement with the U.S. ostensibly to replace the armistice has been the most important obstacle to improving U.S. relations with the North. North Korea has succeeded in improving its relations with the U.S. by resorting to a diplomacy of brinkmanship especially in dealing with nuclear issues so that the U.S. can ensure its survival and legitimacy. The U.S. in turn, has come to negotiate with the North to achieve global nuclear nonproliferation and some results in missile exports and MIA issues. Since these enabled the North to negotiate with the U.S. while refusing to do so with the South, North-South Korean relations have worsened. The prospects for U.S.-North Korean relations will depend on what change takes place in the North and in North-South Korean relations in the years to come. In order for the U.S. and South Korea to facilitate U.S.-North Korean relations in harmony and in parallel with North-South Korean relations. they must sustain their common agenda for the peace and unification process by redefining their bilateral alliance against war into a regional alliance for unification in the peninsula and stability in Northeast Asia. To do so, they also need to build public support and to engage China in the process.

구소련해체후 미중관계와 향후전망

안병준 한국전략문제연구소 1997 전략연구 Vol.4 No.1

After communism and the Cold War ended in 1989 and the Soviet Union itself collapsed in 1991, Sino-American relations began to be strained and eventually came to a confrontation in the Taiwan Strait in March 1996. Why did the Sino-American rapprochement reached in the 1970's and 1980's turn into confrontation? How did this change take place and what have been the most salient issues in dispute? And what are the prospects for their resolution? How these issues will impact on the Korean peninsula and what should South Korea be doing about them? These are some of the questions this study is addressing here. The fundamental reason why Sino-American detente has turned into confrontation is that their common enemy has disappeared since the Soviet Union demised. Now that they have no longer a strategic adversary, their bilateral relations are bound to reflect demands of their domestic politics and events of power rivalry. As a results of conflicts between a pluralist political system and a communist one party dictatorship, and between the only super power and a rising new power, Sino-American relations have contained more conflicts and confrontation. Further exacerbating these conflicts is weak leadership and the rise of democratization and independence movements in Taiwan. Sino-American relations have to be redefined in this changing internal and external situation by exploring areas of common interests. Details of these issues will be analyzed below. For better understanding, several core contents are summarized here : First, Sino-American relations began to sour when the U.S. launched its criticism of the human rights situation in China after Beijing cracked down on the democratization movement during the Tienanmen incident while Mikhail Gorvachev was visiting China in June 1989. But they really came to a confrontation When Washington issues a visit to President Li Denghui in June 1995. Second, differences over such issues as human rights, trade, nonprolifer-ation and Taiwan deepened. Further reinforcing them was fact that the military was rising in profile in China, that the Republican Party controlled the Congress, and that the Kuomintang government in Taiwan was seeking independence and international recognition by all means at its disposal. Much more important was the change that the U.S as the only superpower was defending the status quo while China as a rising power was challenging the U.S. led world order. There has been no consensus about the proper role of China in the international system that is undergoing profound transformation. Third, the prospects for Sino-American relations depend on what kinds of change take place in China's domestic and foreign policy. As of now two diverging imperatives are emerging. Political imperatives are working toward sovereignty, nationalism and balance power but economic imperatives are working toward reform, opening and interdependence. Suppose that the military prevails in upholding political imperatives while enhancing military power and economic growth, the communist one party system will reveal hegemonism in its foreign policy. In contrast, if a basic transformation is accomplished in China by undertaking democratization and privatization, such reformed and open system may well accommodate some form of multi-lateral security talks or a concert of powers by cooperating with the U.S. on regional and bilateral issues. Or China can sustain an authoritarian system involving a one party regime and an market economy, her foreign policy will reveal continuing efforts at balance of power to play off one power against the other in the ancient tradition of "using barbarians to control barbarians." Given the current trend that China basically subscribes to realism and has a great deal of suspicions about the U.S., the third scenario is highly likely to take place. In this case, Sino-American relations are destined to have conflicts and cooperation depending on issues and personalities. Fourth, from the standpoint of South Korea, better Sino-American relations are in the interest of peace and stability, and unification on the Korean peninsula.. While coordinating their respective policies toward China, South Korea needs to develop its independent bilateral relations by promoting military, security, economic dialogues and cooperation with China so that China can be engaged in the peace and the unification process. It is important for Koreans to correctly understand the dynamics of Sino-American and Sino-Korean relations as far as the peninsula is concerned. More than anything else, we should have realistic and strategic perspectives in coordinating our policies. South Korea shares more security and political interests with the U.S. On the other hand, China's cooperation is crucial in achieving peace and stability, and eventual unification. It is unrealistic for South Korea to practice "an equidistance diplomacy" or mediation between the U.S. and China. What we can do realistically is to build bridges and confidence by first maintaining a regional alliance with the U.S. for unification and stability while trying to minimize China's opposition and negative act. It is time for us to make serious efforts to formulate a national strategy towards these goals and to implement a proactive diplomacy to achieve them.

육군의 Army TIGER 시스템 4.0 환경 지휘통제통신체계 발전방안 연구(Ⅱ)

안병준,조수연 한국방위산업진흥회 2019 國防과 技術 Vol.- No.480

육군의 Army TIGER 시스템 4.0 환경 지휘통제통신체계 발전방안 연구(Ⅰ)

안병준,조수연 한국방위산업진흥회 2019 國防과 技術 Vol.- No.479

이마앞겉질을 제거시킨 흰쥐 앞뇌의 바닥핵무리에서 변성축삭종말의 미세구조연구

안병준,고정식,안의태,Ahn, Byung-June,Ko, Jeong-Sik,Ahn, E-Tay 한국현미경학회 2005 Applied microscopy Vol.35 No.3

Prefrontal cortex is a psychological and metaphysical cortex, which deals with feeling, memory, planning, attention, personality, etc. And it also integrates above-mentioned events with motor control and locomotor activities. Prefrontal cortex works as a highest CNS center, since the above mentioned functions are very important for one's successful life, and further more they are upgraded every moments through memory and learning. Many of these highest functions are supposed to be generated via forebrain basal nuclei (caudate nucleus, fundus striati nucleus, accumbens septi nucleus, septal nucleus, etc.). In this experiment, prefrontal efferent terminals within basal forebrain nuclei were ultrastructurally studied. Spraque Dawley rats, weighing $250{\sim}300g$ each, were anesthetized and their heads were fixed on the stereotaxic apparatus (experimental model, David Kopf Co.). Rats were incised their scalp, perforated a 3mm-wide hole on the right side of skull at the 11mm anterior point from the frontal O point (Ref. 13, Fig. 1), suctioned out the prefrontal cortex including cortex of the frontal pole, with suction instrument. Two days following the operations, small tissue blocks of basal forebrain nuclei were punched out, fixed in 1% glutaraldehyde-1% paraformaldehyde solution followed by 2% osmium tetroxide solutions. Ultrathin sections were stained with 1% borax-toluidin blue solution, and the stained sections were obserbed with an electron microscope. Degenerating axon terminals were found within all the basal forbrain nuclei. Numbers of degenerated terminals were largest in the caudate nucleus, next in order, in the fundus striati nucleus, in the accumbens septi nucleus, and the least in the septal nucleus. Only axospinous terminals were degenerated within the caudate nucleus and the fundus striati nucleus, and they showed the characters of striatal motor control system. Axodendritic and axospinous terminals were degenerated within the accumbens septi nucleus and the lateral septal nucleus, and they showed the characters of visceral limbic system. Prefrontal role in integrating the limbic system with the striatal system, en route basal forebrain nuclei, was discussed.

북한 핵문제와 미·중관계

안병준 한국외교협회 2013 계간 외교 Vol.- No.105

天然物化學에서 보는 東醫藥

安丙浚 대전대학교 韓醫學연구소 1996 혜화의학회지 Vol.4 No.2

There are the Seven Effect of Drugs and unique processing methods in Chinese traditional medicine. The Seven Effects are single effrect(單行), additive effect(相加, 相須), synergic effect(相乘, 相使), antagonistic effect(相畏, 拮抗), inhibitory effect(相惡), neutralizing effect(相殺) and opposite effect(相反). We are interested in synergic effects of some drugs and components ; Addition of OLDENLANDIA DIFFUSA to Kilkyungtang combanation enhanced the cytotoxic activity of Kilkyungtang against A549 and B16-Fo eells by 20% and 50%, respectively. The Oldenlandia-added kilkyungtang also potentiated the cytotoxicities of mitomycine Cand 5-fluorouracil. ar-turmerone. isolated from the root of Curcuma longa, potentiated the cytotoxic activity of sesquiphellandrene(isolated from the same root), aurapten(isolated from Aurantii semen)or cyclophosphamide by 10 times. The purpose of the processing (修治) of Chinese grugs is to remove unusable parts of plants and to eliminate toxicities as well as to produse new active components in drugs. On a occasion of study on the anthelmintic drugs against the chinese fluke(Clonorchis sinesis, 肝디스토마), we have observed that the processed mume fruit(鳥梅) possessed a very very potent clonorchicidal effect, while the methanol extract of the non-processed fruit inactive. The active component was isolated from the processed mume and identified as 5-hydroxymethylfurfuryl aldehyde. This substance dose not occur in the immatur fruit and was found only in the processed one. Wehave heated the immature fruit in an oven at 90℃ for 52 hrs and found that the heated fruit eame clonorchidal. As demonstrated in these and other example cited in this presentation, the natural products chemistry is contributory to univeiling the drug effect ensued from the processing and the synergic effect of Oriental medical drug combinations, and to rationalization or modernization of the traditional medicine.

유엔과 집단 안보의 역할 증대돼

안병준 사회발전연구소 1992 한국인 Vol.11 No.4

테라급 라우터 기술

안병준 한국통신학회 2002 한국통신학회 워크샵 Vol.2002 No.10

ZSM-5 Zeolite의 결정화 : 분광학적 연구 A Spectroscopic Study

안병준,이정훈 全北大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1998 과학과 과학교육 논문지 Vol.23 No.-

The zeolite ZSM-5 is usually synthesized in the presence of tetrapropylammonium ion as a templating material. The extraordinary catalytic properties of ZSM-5 have resulted in many studies involving their synthesis, structure, and function. In this study, the crystallization process of aluminosilicate gel to ZSM-5 zeolite was investigated by FT-IR and Raman, spectroscopy, supported by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show mat templated ZSM-5 higher structural stability as compared with template-free system.