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안관옥 연세대학교 대학원원우회 1987 원우론집 Vol.14 No.2
The theoretical perspective of communication research is changing Attention to perspective shift, theoretical background of this study adopt structuralist approach and political economy approach in critical paradiam. This paper intends to investigate the economic, political, ideological structural levels of Korean press and counter-ideological movement in the people. The primary object of the study is to find the position and role of Korean press in social formation. For this purpose, it examines the profit-seeking character of press, the relation between press and political power, ideological role and credibility crisis of Korean press, and counter-ideological movement in various spheres. The main finds are summarized as follows: (1) Korean press as culture industry is growing in profit-making sector and advertising sector. (2) The salience of press ownership changed concentration of manopoly capital in the 1970s to direct ownership of state in the 1980s. (3) Press control of political power make conformity between press and political power. (4) Journalist as organic intellectuals are being embourgeoisement and become upward social mobility, specially in political recruitment. But hundreds of journalist are excluded press organization owing to ideological conflict. (5) Ideological role of Korean press is conditioned by South-North Korea confrontation and dependent industrialization. (6) According to ideological role of Korean press, the ruling class estabilish the legitimacy of political power and reproduce ruling ideology. (7) The ruled class tend to become a political group and they are prevented forming the class consciousness, for the reason of spreading mass culture and ideological dominance. (8) Frequent intervention of state to press bring about their own credibility crisis. So it causes the people to initiate the counter-hegemonic movement. (9) Counter-ideological movement by labor class and the fired-journalist are growing gradually since the early 1980's.
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