항진균제 감수성 검사의 최신지견: 검사법과 임상적 이용

신종희 대한임상미생물학회 2009 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.12 No.4

During the past two decades, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) antifungal susceptibility testing methods for both yeasts and molds have been developed and established in response to increasing invasive fungal infections and the release of multiple new antifungal agents. In addition, other methods including Etest, the disk diffusion test, and some CLSI modification methods have been intensively studied. Antifungal susceptibility tests are now routinely used for local epidemiological surveys to determine the susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates of fungi, the degree of antifungal activity of newly developed antifungal agents, and to predict the clinical outcomes of antifungal therapy for patients with Candida infections. It is anticipated that in the near future, antifungal susceptibility tests that can detect amphotericin B resistance, that can be used to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) breakpoints of molds, and that can provide increased clinical guidance for antifungal therapy, will be developed. This review focuses on the various methods used for antifungal susceptibility testing and the clinical utility of antifungal susceptibility testing.

芍藥(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)의 子葉組織 培養시 식물생장조절제가 體細胞胚發생에 미치는 影響

신종희,손재근,김경민,김기재,김재철 한국식물생명공학회 1998 식물생명공학회지 Vol.25 No.2

작약의 종자로부터 절취한 배를 기내 발아시켜 획득한 자엽조직으로부터 체세포배발생에 적합한 배지내의 식물생장 조절제 조성을 밝히기 위하여 전배양배지와 배유도배지의 식물생장조절제 조성별 체세포배 발생율과 접합자배의 구조와 동일한 정상 체세포배 발생 정도를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 자엽으로부터 체세포배발생을 위한 식물생장조절제로 ABA가 첨가된 배지에서 체세포배 발생율이 높았으며, 특히 ABA가 0.5 mg/L 첨가된 배지에서 59.9%의 높은 체세포배 발생율을 나타내었다. ABA가 첨가된 배지에서 접합자배를 배양할 경우 발아가 저해되고 발아한 식물체가 비정상적인 형태로 발달하는 현상이 나타났으나 이들 비정상적인 형태의 자엽으로부터 체세포배 발생이 효과적이었으며, ABA가 0.5 mg/L 첨가된 배지에서 자엽으로부터 발생된 체세포배의 형태는 2개의 자엽을 갖는 정상체세포배가 22.6%, 3개 19.5%, 1개 9.8%로 나타났으며 볼링핀 또는 나팔모양의 비정상적인 배는 1.3%로 낮게 나타났다. This experiments were carried out to determine the optimum concentrations of plant growth regulators for the direct embryogenesis from the cotyledon culture of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Zygotic embryos rescued from true seeds were developed abnormally in the medium containing ABA. But somatic embryogenesis from cotyledons of abnormal seedlings was induced more effectively. Also the somatic embryogenesis from cotyledons was promoted in the medium containing ABA. The frequency of embryogenesis was maximum(59.9%) from the cotyledons cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L ABA on which the frequency of somatic embryos with two cotyledons was 22.6%.

조생종 벼의 움벼(ratoon-rice)생산 및 움벼의 생육특성

신종희,김상국,박상구 한국작물학회 2015 한국작물학회지 Vol.60 No.2

Rice ratooning is the production of a second rice crop from the stubble left behind after the main-crop harvest. The main advantage of rice ratooning is that in areas where rice is the main crop, double crop of rice can be grown for additional returns. Eight cultivars of rice were tested for estimation their ratooning ability. The main crop was harvested at mass maturity, after which the tillers were mowed to stubbles of about 10 cm tall. And then left without any further input, until the ratooned plant were ready for harvest. Highly significant variations were detected in the ratoon performance among cultivars, with ratoon ability ranging from 0% (‘Unkwang’, ‘Jopeyong’, ‘Odae’, ‘Nokyang’) to 33% (‘Jinbuol’) in their grain yield. The maximum grain yield from ratoon rice was 202 and 203 kg/10a for ‘Jinbuol’ and ‘Joun’ followed by ‘Junamjoseng’ 174kg/10a. Protein and amylose contents of ratoon rice were more increased than those of main rice. The platability value of cooked rice of ratoon was lower than that of main crop. Germination rate of the previous year's harvest of rice was not significantly different between ratoon and main crop. This rice ratooning system requires short duration, creating possibility for growing another crop in the same cropping year and offers an opportunity to increase cropping intensity per unit of cultivated areas. Keywords : cultivar, ratoon-rice, grain yield, milled rice quality 움벼는 수확된 벼의 그루터기에서 2차 분얼이 발생하여이로부터 새로운 수확물을 얻어내는 것으로 비교적 평균기온이 높은 대구지역에서의 극 조생종, 조생종 및 중만생종벼의 움벼재배 가능성을 검토하였다. 움벼재배에 적합한 품종은 극조생인 진부올, 조운, 조생종인 주남조생이 가능한 것으로 판단되며, 움벼의 생육기간은 생리적 혹은 환경적인 작기의 종료로 본포의 생육기간보다 짧았다. 초장은 36~70%로 짧고, 이삭수도 줄어들었으며특히 이삭수는 품종별 차이가 현저하였다. 출수 소요일수는본포 벼의 수전일수가 3~6일 인데 비해 움벼의 경우 출수시작부터 출수 정지까지 오랜 기간 출수가 진행되었다. 본시험에서 움벼생산이 가능한 세가지 조생품종에 대하여 본포의 생육기간은 110~112일 정도에 비해 움벼의 생육기간은 60~65일 정도로 최소 1개월 정도 생육기간이 짧았으며수확량은 본포수량의 25~33%정도로 나타났다.본포에서 생산된 쌀에 비해 움벼에서 생산된 쌀의 단백질함량과 아밀로스함량이 유의하게 높았다. ToYo 미도메터가 나타내는 간접 식미치인 윤기치가 본포에서 수확한 쌀보다 높게 다소 높게 나타났는데 이는 아밀로스 함량이 본포보다 움벼에서 높게 나타났기 때문인 것으로 판단되며, 밥의 외관, 경도, 점도 및 발란스 수치로 환산하는 취반 식미값의 경우는 본포에서 수확한 쌀로 지은 밥에 비해 움벼는현저하게 낮았다. 본포 수확벼에 비해 움벼로 지은 밥의 경도와 탄력성은 같거나 높아지고, 점성과 찰성은 떨어지는경향이었다. 본포와 움벼 종자의 발아력은 조운벼를 제외한 진부올과주남조생의 경우 통계적 유의성이 없었다.

Vibrio vulnificus 동정에 있어서 ATB 32GN System의 유용성 검토

신종희,신명근,양동욱 대한임상병리학회 1993 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.13 No.2

한천희석법을 이용한 Candida species의 fluconazole 내성선별

신종희,김민,김종필,서순팔,양동욱 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.3

배경 : 칸디다 감염의 빈도가 증가함에 따라 Candida species의 fluconazole 내성은 점차 중요한 관심이 되고 있다. 그러나 NCCLS법은 fluconazole 내성균을 선별하는데 다소 복잡하고 trailing endpoint도 있어 보통 검사실에서 사용하기 어렵다. 저자들은 fluzonazole이 포함된 한천배지를 이용하여 fluconazole 내성 선별검사를 실시하여 보았다. 방법 : 혈액에서 분리된 총 47주의 Candida species를 대상으로 하였다. 한천희석법은 0, 8 및 16g/mL 농도의 fluconazole이 첨가된 Castione agar와 CHROMagar Candida의 두 종류의 평판 배지를 이용하였다. 한천희석법에서의 fluconazole 내성 성적은 NCCLS법의 결과와 비교하였다. 성적 : NCCLS법에 의해 MIC 16g/mL 이상였던 9주는 Castione 배지를 사용한 한천 희석법의 경우 모두 24시간과 48시간에 100% 내성이 검출되었고, CHROMagar Candida를 이용한 한천 희석법에서는 48시간 배양시에는 모두 내성이 검출되었으나 24시간 배양시엔 1주를 제외한 8주(89%)에서 내성이 검출되었다. NCCLS법에 의한 MIC 1g/mL이하인 33주는 두 종류의 한천희석법에 의해 모두 감수성으로 판정되어 NCCLS법의 성적과 100% 일치하였다. 그러나 MIC 2-8g/mL인 C. guilliermondii등의 5주에서는 두 배지에서의 한천희석법 성적이 다소간의 차이를 보였다. 전체적으로 fluconazole 내성 선별에 있어 한천희석법의 NCCLS법과의 일치율은 Castione agar의 경우 24시간 배양 후 98%(46/47), 48시간 배양 후 94%(44/47)이었고 CHROMagar Candida의 경우, 24시간 배양 후 96%(45/47) 및 48시간 배양 후 91%(43/47)이었다. C. albicans 4주에서 NCCLS 검사에서 trailing endpoint가 관찰되었는데 이 균주들은 fluconazloe이 포함된 평판배지에서는 모두 감수성을 보였다. 결론 : 한천희석법은 간단하며 fluconazole 내성 검출에 있어 NCCLS법과 높은 일치율을 보이며 동시에 trailing endpoint를 보이는 균에서 감수성을 확인할 수 있어 Candida species의 fluconazole에 대한 내성 선별에 좋은 방법으로 생각되었다. Background : With the widespread use of fluconazole in treating and preventing Candida infections, detection of Candida with fluconazole resistance is becoming increasingly important. However, the laborious procedure and trailing endpoints remain problems in fluconazole susceptibility testing by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS) method. We evaluated simple agar dilution methods for the determining fluconazole resistance of Candida species. Method : A total of 47 isolates of Candida species isolated from blood cultures was tested. Fluconazole susceptibility testing by the agar dilution method was performed using Casitone agar(AD-Casitone) or CHROMagar Candida (AD-CHROM) wllich contained 0. 8. and 16 g of fluconazole per mL. The results were compared with those by the NCCLS broth macrodilution method. Results : All nine Candida isolates having fluconazole MICs of > 16 g/mL were correctly determined as > 16 g/mL by AD-Casitone (at 24h and 48h) and AD-CHROM (at 48h). Thrity three isolates with NCCLS MIC (1 g/mL were successfully determined as MIC < 8 g/mL with both AD-Casitone and AD-CHROM. However, five Candida isolates with MIC 2-8 g/mL showed variable results by both agar dilution methods. Overall agreements with the NCCLS method for the screen of fluconazole susceptibility was 98% (46/47) at 24h and 94% (44/47) at 48h in AD-Casitone, and 96% (45/47) at 24h and 91% (43/47) at 48h in AD-CHROM. Testing by both agar dilution method revealed all four isolates which showed trailing-endpoint by the NCCLS, to be susceptible (MIC < 8 g/mL). Conclusion : The agar dilution method appears to be simple and highly correlate with the NCCLS method and gives a clear MIC endpoint for isolates for which trailing endpoints are found. These suggest that agar dilution method can be an effective screen for determining of fluconazole susceptibility for Candida species.

중학생 PC 통신언어의 실태 분석

신종희 국어교육학회 2002 국어교육연구 Vol.34 No.1

전남대학교 병원에서 분리된 각종 병원성 세균 및 그 항생제 감수성에 관한 검색

신종희,양동욱 대한임상병리학회 1985 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.5 No.2

Candida orthopsilosis에 의한 치명적 진균혈증 1예

신종희,최현정,신명근,서순팔,양동욱,박경화 대한임상미생물학회 2010 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.13 No.3

Candida orthopsilosis is a recently described Candida species phenotypically indistinguishable from Candida parapsilosis. This new species can be identified only by using molecular methods. We describe here a fatal case of fungemia caused by C. orthopsilosis in a 75-year-old male patient who had panperitonitis after total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy. All 18 blood cultures obtained from admission day 16 to day 68 yielded the same Candida species. Both Vitek 2 (bioMerieux, Inc., Hazelwood,MO, USA) and API 20C (bioMerieux, Marcy-l'Etoile,France) failed to identify these isolates. However,DNA sequencing analysis of both D1/D2 domain and internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA showed 100% identity with C. orthopsilosis. The fungemia was persistent over 50 days despite of systemic antifungal therapy including fluconazole and caspofungin,and the patient expired on day 73 of his hospital stay. This represents the first reported case of fatal fungemia by C. orthopsilosis in Korea. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2010;13:140-143)

Effects of Stubble Height, Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization on Rice Ratooning in Korea

신종희,김상국,박상구 한국작물학회 2015 Korean journal of crop science Vol.60 No.4

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) ratooning is the production of a second rice crop from the stubble left behind after the main crop harvest. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of main-crop stubble height, irrigation and fertilization on ratoon grain yield. Main crop ‘Jinbuol’ rice cultivar was harvested to leave with 10, 20, 30, or 40 cm stubble height. When the main crop stubble was harvested with 10 cm height, ratoon rice grain yield was increased by 2,810 kg/ha. Irrigation on stubbles after main crop harvest did not affect the ratoon crop yield and rice quality. The results showed a large variation in the ratoon performance by fertilizer application methods. Top-dressed nitrogen fertilizer on the stubble after harvest caused increase in panicle production and higher maturity rate. However, there was no significant difference in protein content, amylose content of milled rice and cooked rice characters between plots managed with and without nitrogen fertilizer.

Exophiala (Wangiella) dermatitidis에 의한 진균혈증 1예

신종희,정은선,신명근,서순팔,양동욱 대한임상미생물학회 2010 Annals of clinical microbiology Vol.13 No.3

We report a rare case of fungemia due to Exophiala (Wangiella) dermatitidis in a 4-month-old female infant who was admitted to an intensive care unit with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). E. dermatitidiswas repeatedly isolated from blood cultures (on the 28th and 32nd day of hospitalization) of the patient,who died on the 44th day of hospitalization. The fungus was identified by its morphological characteristics and DNA sequencing of both the D1/D2domain and the ITS region of rDNA. To our knowledge,this is the first reported case of E. dermatitidis fungemia in Korea. (Korean J Clin Microbiol 2010;13:135-139)