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학교 무허가 건축물 실태조사에 따른 문제점 및 해결방안
신동한(Dong Han Shin),이상혁(Sang Hyuk Lee) 대한공업교육학회 1995 대한공업교육학회지 Vol.20 No.2
A school building is an essential, educational facility as a container in which students lead their school lives. So, it is required to be agreeable, convenient and safe. Besides, it must be improved not only in its function but also in architecture itself through the introduction of a new style and the use of material of good quality. However, most of the schools neglect to improve the school building and follow in the steps of old constructional process. Unfortunately, there are many unauthorized school buildings. As far as is known, the recent collapse of the giant building was caused by careless management, the constructional in the building and illegal construction. It is unfortunate that the same is true of school buildings. This thesis aims to examine the problems of unauthorized school buildings by investigating the elementary, the middle and the high schools in Tongyong city. According to the investigation, a number of school buildings proved to be unauthorized and the causes are as follows ; 1. Preferential laws for public buildings. 2. The lack of understanding on the authorization of the school involved. 3. The deficiency of technological experts. 4. The connection with the official concerned. In order to solve these problems, first of all, we should draw up an effective plan to bring out the present unauthorized buildings into the open. Secondly, we should constitute a "committee of evaluation and management" to manage the facilities effectively. Third, the technology educational program should be reinforced for the official concerned. Finally, we should pay careful attention to the order of a design and commitment to a contractor.
열린 교육을 위한 기술과 실습운영 개선방안에 관한 연구
신동한(Dong Han Shin) 대한공업교육학회 1997 대한공업교육학회지 Vol.22 No.2
With open education raised as the most important task in educational reform, the first-line schools are showing much concern about the open education and making efforts to put it in practice. Many teaching materials for open education have been developed and case studies in giving lessons have been done. Through various kinds of Workshops, symposia, and seminars, the idea of open education is spreading rapidly. Moreover, in each course of study, many researches are actively being conducted. From this point of view, the open education for technical studies should be considered throughly. In this study, practical ways for open education will be pursued through improving the operation of technical practices. Above all, technical practice is the course of study where students learn the basic skills and develop their creativity by direct and actual experience. During the course, students should be given many-sided practical experiences. To do that, it is inevitable to change technical practice into the type of open learning. So, this study will show practical methods for improving the operation ot technical practices
인공 환기가 필요한 환자에서 변형된 수동식 인공호흡기(Ambu<sup>®</sup>)의 유용성
하기수,문일홍,이희선,신동한,은소희,은백린,홍영숙,이주원,Ha, Kee Soo,Moon, Il Hong,Lee, Hee Sun,Shin, Dong Han,Eun, So Hee,Eun, Baik-Lin,Hong, Young Sook,Lee, Joo Won 대한소아청소년과학회 2006 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.49 No.11
목 적 : 혼수 환자는 원인에 상관없이 혼수 상태가 오래 지속되었을 경우 회복불능의 상태로 될 수 있기 때문에 원인을 신속하게 발견하여 치료하는 것이 중요하다. 그 중 MRI 검사는 혼수 환자의 원인을 감별하는데 중요하나 자발호흡이 없는 환자에게 MRI 검사 시 여러 가지 제한점으로 인해 그 시행이 어려웠다. 저자들은 변형된 수동식 인공호흡기를 이용하여 일정 거리에서 환자에게 전달되는 환기량을 유지하면서 MRI 검사가 가능한지 알아보고 안정성을 확인하고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 특별히 고안한 장치는 self-inflating bag type의 수동식 인공호흡기에 PVC 관을 연결하고 그 끝을 환자의 기도와 연결하여 만든 비교적 간단한 장치이다. 또한 안정성을 확인하기 위하여 기계식 인공호흡기를 이용하여 PVC 연결 관의 길이와 직경 및 일회호흡량(tidal volume)을 변화시켰을 경우 TVe, MVe, PIP를 측정하여 환기에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 결 과 : 15 mm, 25 mm 직경의 2가지 종류의 PVC 연결 관을 이용하여 TVi를 변화시킴과 동시에 관의 길이를 1, 2, 3 m로 증가시킴에 따라 TVe, MVe, PIP 값을 측정하였으며, 그 결과 TVe, MVe 값은 대조군과 비교해 차이가 없었고 PIP 값은 TVi가 증가함에 따라, 관의 길이가 늘어남에 따라 의미 있는 증가를 보였다(P<0.05). 또한 관의 길이, TVi에 관계없이 PIP 값은 PVC 연결 관의 직경과 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 즉 관의 직경이 작을수록, 관의 길이가 길어질수록, 일회호흡량이 증가할수록, 환기량을 유지하기 위한 PIP값은 증가하였다. 5명의 환자들을 대상으로 이러한 방법을 이용하여 MRI 검사를 시행하였으며 성공적으로 검사를 실시하였다. 결 론 : 저자들이 고안한 수동식 인공호흡기를 이용한다면 자발호흡이 불안정하여 MRI 검사를 시행하지 못했던 많은 환자들에게 더 많은 검사의 기회가 주어질 것이며 환자의 질환을 진단하는데 많은 도움을 줄 것이다. Purpose : The comatose mentality can be catastrophic, especially if the condition is severe or the duration is prolonged. Therefore, delayed diagnosis can result in a poor outcome or death. The best radiologic modality to differentiate from cerebral lesions in patients suffering from cerebral diseases is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) rather than computed tomography (CT). Special apparatuses with metal materials such as ventilators, and cardiac pacemakers belonging to patients cannot be located in the magnetic field. We aimed to exhibit the possibility of examining MRI, maintaining ventilation at a relative long distance by means of modified $Ambu^{(R)}$. Methods : Self-inflating bags as a sort of a manual ventilator, connected with relatively long extension tubes instead of mechanical ventilators, were adopted to obtain MRI. PVC (polyvinyl chloride) extension tubes had different lengths and diameters. Lengths were 1, 2, and 3 cm and diameters were 15, and 25 mm. The work of breathing and expiratory changes of expiratory tidal volume (TVe), minute volume of expiration (MVe), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) were measured by use of the mechanical ventilator, $Servoi^{(R)}$, as the alteration of TVi (inspiratory tidal volume), extension tube lengths and diameters with other values fixed. Results : Measured TVe and MVe by ventilator were the same values with control at every TVi, regardless of extension tube lengths and diameters, but PIP were increased with the rise of TVi, tube lengths, with decline of tube diameters, these were statistically significant. Conclusion : MRI examination can be carried out with a self-inflating bag connected with an extension tube at a long distance in patients who need artificial ventilation.