우리나라 여건에 맞는 기부연금 도입에 관한 연구

신기철 ( Kee Chul Shin ) 한국사회보장학회 2013 한국사회보장학회 정기학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

주택연금의 지속가능성에 관한 비교연구

신기철 ( Shin Kee-chul ) 한국사회보장학회 2017 사회보장연구 Vol.33 No.2

The reverse mortgage loan guarantee in Korea is introduced to protect delinquencies incurred by financial institutions which grant a reverse mortgage loan on house to aged persons. It`s guarantee terms are vulnerable in the aspect of financial sustainability and social equity compared to the USA and the UK. Especially the preferential reverse mortgage loan introduced in 2016, which grant favorable monthly payments to the owner of houses valued under 150 million won, can be misused and the financial burden will be passed to next generation. Key variables to sustainability of the reverse mortgage loan guarantee system are death ratio and house appreciation rate. In order to calculate monthly payments, the HECM in the USA assumes very conservative variables based on its past experiences. However in Korea the government assumes average death ratio of general citizen and the national house price appreciation rate. Thus monthly payments are too generous to sustain. Furthermore in the USA federal reverse mortgage loan guarantor examines the conditions of houses and credibility of borrower to protect delinquencies. Public pension entitlement and poverty ratios of the aged in Korea are lowest among OECD countries and the baby boomers are retiring gradually. Thus the reverse mortgage loan guarantee system should be improved to encourage reverse mortgage loan in the long run.

우리나라 여건에 맞는 기부연금 도입에 관한 연구

신기철 ( Kee Chul Shin ) 한국사회보장학회 2013 사회보장연구 Vol.29 No.3

A charitable gift annuity is a sort of planned giving. It involves a contract between a donor and a charity, whereby the donor transfers cash or property to the charity in exchange for a lifetime stream of annual income from the charity. Therefore it promotes a donation from a retired person who accumulates wealth beyond expectation. Survey for university hospitals and charities reveals that there is a necessity to introduce a charitable gift annuity. Contrary to the USA and Canada, charities in Korea are unfamiliar with trust model and very small. Therefore in our country, a contractual arrangement model with an annuity administration vehicle will be better. This thesis focuses on governance, suitable annuity administration vehicle, annuity payment method, annuity guarantee and allowable charities. A charitable gift annuity plays a role to loosen social conflicts as well as boost giving culture. In order to boost giving culture, it is necessary to introduce an independent government organization, and to play an active role by national tax agency. Further it has better to be based on philanthropic marketing.

상병소득보장제도 충실화 방안 연구 -급여소득자를 중심으로-

신기철 ( Kee Chul Shin ) 한국사회보장학회 2011 사회보장연구 Vol.27 No.1

Long term care due to sickness accompanied by unemployment and medical expense results in the financial distress of a household. The incident is typically resulted from occupational accidents, car accidents, or non- occupational occurrences, etc. In case of sickness due to occupational accidents or car accidents, the nature of indemnification or a liability, the Workers` Compensation insurance or the Automobile Liability insurance provides a sufficient coverage for sickness benefits or disability pension. Compared with other OECD countries, Korea has better accessibility to medical services and relatively better health care environment through the national health insurance system. However, sickness benefits are not available in Korea unlike most other OECD countries. Considering the financial burden of the national health insurance system given the aging population, it would be practically difficult for Korea to introduce the similar benefits as in other OECD countries. Since the Labor Standards Act guarantees paid sick leave for more than 15 days a year depending on the length of employment, the limited disability income benefit is proposed only for the long term care due to serious sickness which is eligible for the disability pension in the national pension system. Possible measures to initiate the disability income benefit are as follows: development of sickness benefits only for serious injury or illness by reforming benefits structure in the national health insurance system to minimize the financial burden, introduction of statutory paid sick leave by revising the Labor Standards Act, or introduction of disability income insurance by revising the corresponding tax law.

건강보험 재원조달정책에 관한 비교연구 -사회보험방식 9개 OECD 회원국을 중심으로-

신기철 ( Kee Chul Shin ) 한국사회보장학회 2015 사회보장연구 Vol.31 No.3

Medical expenditures of the national health insurance will be increasing sharply due to aging. Further it will be difficult to finance those expenditures entirely with social insurance premiums. Because of feeble labor market structures and loose social solidarity, it is necessary to study various financing tools for health care. In a survey of 9 OECD countries which have adopted social health insurance systems, we find that they charge public health insurance premiums to the retired persons. Especially Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland do same rates. Also the central governments subsidize fixed portions of medical expenditures, fixed rates of premiums or premium reductions for poor families with general revenues. Surcharges for auto insurance premiums, special purpose value added tax for tobacco and alcohol, a fixed ratio of net profits of enterprises are also valuable tools of health care financing. In order to improve the long term fiscal sustainability of the national health insurance, various stake holders such as insureds, medical service providers and medical professions should reach to an agreement. The utmost values of health care systems are universal coverage, solidarity in financing, equity of access and provisions of high quality medical services. There is no magic bullet for improving fiscal sustainability keeping those four values. In order to reach social consensus for increasing premium or taxes, it is necessary to promote social trusts of stakeholders through widening health care benefits for catastrophic illness.

민영의료보험 보험금 수령자의 의료이용에 관한 연구 - 20개 상병의 입원기간을 중심으로 -

신기철 ( Kee Chul Shin ),권혁성 ( Hyuk Sung Kwon ) 한국사회보장학회 2014 사회보장연구 Vol.30 No.3

There have been various researches on the medical consumptions by private health insurance policyholders since 2003 Insurance Law revision. Researchers have used two kinds of methods. Several researchers have used random sampling. And the others have used the Korea Health Panel Data. They concluded different views on medical consumptions by insurance policyholders. One reason is that complemental private health insurances are able to be purchased accident and disease coverages separately. Furthermore fixed indemnity insurances insure specific accidents and diseases. Therefore private insurance policyholders may show different reactions by specific accidents and diseases. This research analyzes hospitalization periods, average number of surgeries, total health expenditures between insurance policyholders and non-policyholders using 9 months of hospitalized patients caused by 20 kinds of sicknesses from April of 2011 to December. We found that insurance policyholders show moral hazard from 18 kinds of sickness. Especially, insured patients caused by cancers, arthrosis, sprains, and angina pectoris show longer periods hospitalizations which can not be explained as moral hazards. The reason of longer periods might be caused by intentional extension for marginal profits between actual costs and insurance claims. And it also might be caused by moral hazard by hospitals. These kinds of moral hazards could be aggravated if the government implements public health insurance policies increasing coverage ratio. We recommend to make a better policy for roles of public and private health insurances including sickness benefits. And we need to control hospitals in order to prevent moral hazards.

의료보장체계 충실화를 위한 민영건강보험 제도 개선방향

신기철 ( Kee Chul Shin ) 한국사회보장학회 2010 사회보장연구 Vol.26 No.1

Despite its lower premium than those of other OECD countries, the pubic health insurance in Korea allows easy access to medical services and its level of coverages tends to increase consistently. The private health insurance, however, shows the enrollment rate of 63.7%, penetrating to all social classes regardless of income. The high level of private health insurance enrollment is attributed to the public health insurance being insufficient to cover the economic loss due to accidents or sickness, in the perspective of the entire medical care system. Since the public health insurance in Korea provides low level of coverages and no compensation for income loss due to accident or illness, it has the limitation that it is not able to sufficiently cover the financial loss on the sick and injured. Also, along with the improvement of medical technology and the aging of population, inter-generational transfer of financial burden can be a core issue of public health insurance. The private health insurance shall play a supplemental role in the medical care system. Its products shall be designed to minimize blind spots of medical services and inter-generational transfer of medical expense. The private health insurance also needs to contribute to promoting public health such as disease prevention by utilizing physiological information of the insured and to advancing the medical industry by encouraging competition among medical institutions. In order to achieve these desirable consequences, it shall complement the weak points in the entire social security system. After the role of private health insurance is defined accordingly, the corresponding regulations and supervising system shall be established.

상병수당제도 운영방식 비교연구

신기철 ( Shin Kee-chul ) 한국사회보장학회 2020 사회보장연구 Vol.36 No.3

During COVID-19 prevalence, infected patients and their close contacted persons are hospitalized or self-quarantined in order to prevent the spread of it. Some of them face economic difficulties and it causes interest in sickness benefits. Sickness benefit is one of 9 social security minimum benefits stipulated in ILO Convention 102. Our country, however, does not introduce it yet. In order to introduce sickness benefits interested parties should agree key factors such as type of program, coverage, source of fund and qualifying conditions. I try to suggest how to settle key factors with comparative analyses of the sickness benefits systems among OECD member countries. I focus on types of program, covered persons, premium rates, payment rates and maximum benefits, rehabilitation programs, etc. Further I specify key issues to be raised during social agreement and try to suggest alternatives. In reality, it is beginning stage. And there are not numerous in-depth researches on sickness benefit systems. Nor interested parties have enough practical information of it. Therefore I think that it is very difficult to introduce sickness benefit in a short period. I suggest introduce sickness benefits in phases. At first stage, sickness benefits covering incapacity for work caused by infectious diseases classified in the Infectious disease control and prevention act, could be covered without any complicated procedure. At the same time we need to study in depth about sickness benefit systems for the next stage.

연금연구 : 국민연금의 장기 재정안정에 대한 연구

신기철 ( Kee Chul Shin ) 한국연금학회 2013 연금연구 Vol.3 No.1

우리나라 국민연금은 제도 도입을 할 때 보험료는 낮게 받고, 연금은 많이 지급하겠다는 약속을 했다. 게다가 다른 나라에서 유례를 찾아볼 수 없는 빠른 노령화로 인해 여러 차례 급여를 인하했음에도 불구하고 현재의 보험료 수준이 유지된다면 큰 재정부담이 고스란히 후세대에게 전가된다. 국민연금의 장기적인 재정안정을 위해서는 보험료의 인상이나 정부의 재정지원이 필요하다. 그렇지만 이런 재정정책도 조기에 시행하지 않으면 후세대에게 부담전가가 불가피해진다. 65세 이상 노인 1명을 부양하는 20∼64세 계층의 인원이 2010년 5. 95명에서 2030년에는 2. 58명, 2050년에는 1. 47명으로 낮아진다. 그러므로 특별한 재정정책이 없다면 후세대의 노인관련 복지비용 부담은 감당하기 어려울 것이다. 세대간의 형평을 꾀하고, 과도한 재정부담 때문에 발생할 수 있는 성장 잠재력의 훼손을 방지하려면 재정수지가 양호한 지금 후세대의 노인관련 복지비용에 충당할 수 있는 세대간 재정평형기금의 도입이 필요하다. 이 제도가 도입되면 후세대에게 과도한 부담이 전가되는 것을 방지하는 것은 물론, 향후 재정상황이 어려워졌을 때 고통분담을 위한 사회적 합의를 이끌어 낼 수 있는 시금석이 될 것이다. The National Pension of Korea was introduced in 1988 as low premium with high income replacement ratio. Although the government have cut old age benefits several times, if the current premium rate were not increased, the next generations would be transferred high tax or premium burden due to very fast aging. Increasing premium or government subsidy as early as possible are necessary for the long-term sustainability of the national pension. If there are no actions, high tax or premium burden of the next generations would be inevitable and intergenerational fairness could be broken. The old age support ratio will be reduced 2. 58 in 2030, 1. 47 in 2050 from 5. 95 in 2010. Extraordinary fiscal policies should be introduced to loosen the burden of the next generations. To promote intergenerational fairness, and prevent vulnerability of economic growth, it is necessary to introduce ``intergenerational solidarity fund`` which will be used for agerelated social expenditures during tough budget times. It will be a corner stone of social cohesion in addition to prevent high tax or premium burden of the next generation.

기업의 복리후생이 생산성과 근속연수에 미치는 영향 - 상장 유통산업을 중심으로 -

신기철(Kee-Chul Shin),송준호(June-Ho Song) 한국인사관리학회 2017 한국인사관리학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.3

본 연구는 기업의 복리후생이 근로자의 생산성과 근속연수에 미치는 영향을 유가증권시장과 코스닥시장에서 유통산업을 대상으로 실증검증 하였다. 기업은 근로자를 고용하면서 임금을 지급하고 부가적으로 복리후생을 지급한다. 왜 복리후생을 지급하는 지에 대하여 여러 학설이 있지만 이 연구에서는 경영자의 입장에서 분석을 하였다. 경영자는 기업에서 복리후생에 지출을 하면 근로자의 생산성과 근속연수에 긍정적인 영향을 가장 기대하고 있다. 그래서 경영자의 기대만큼 복리후생에 대한 지출이 긍정적으로 생산성과 근속연수에 영향을 미치고 있는지에 대하여 상장된 유통산업을 실증적 연구를 하였다. 기업 근로자의 생산성과 근속연수에 영향을 미치는 요인은 다양하다. 그 중 복리후생이 생산성과 근속연수에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 선행연구와 통계자료를 이용하여 문헌적 고찰을 하고, 2006년부터 2015년까지 10년간 유가증권시장과 코스닥시장에 상장된 유통산업의 재무제표의 재무자료를 이용하고 TS-2000의 근속연수를 이용하여 필요한 분석자료를 추출하였다. 복리후생비를 독립변수로 생산성과 근속연수를 종속변수로 하는 연구모형을 만들고 이를 통계 처리하였다. 분석결과 기업의 복리후생과 관련된 비용의 지출이 증가하면 생산성과 근속연수에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었고, 추가로 중소기업과 대기업을 구별하여 복리후생의 효과를 분석하였는데 대기업에서 효과가 더 크게 나타났다. This study is to verify empirically how much the company policy of the employee benefits affects their productivity and service length for the distribution companies listed on KOSPI and KOSDAQ markets. There are several theories why the company gives them to the employees, but this study analyzes them on the employer’s side. Company expects that the employee benefits expenses of the company would affect their productivity and the continuous service years positively. This study is to review empirically on whether the benefits expenses would affect their productivity and the continuous service years positively as the employer expects. To find out what factors affect productivity and continuous service years most among them, the documentary study has been made through the preceding studies and the statistical data, and the necessary analysis data have been extracted by using the continuous service years of TS-2000 and the financial data of the financial statements of the distribution companies listed on KOPSI and KOSDAQ markets, and then, the study model was set up with the employee benefits as the independent factor, and the productivity and the continuous service years as the dependent one, which was in statistical process. It has been analyzed conclusively that the increase of the company’s employee benefits expenses affects affirmatively both the productivity and the continuous service years.