한국전통혼례과정의 대례행례고(考)

송미화 영남대학교 민족문화연구소 2024 민족문화논총 Vol.86 No.-

이 연구는 한국 전통 혼례의 과정 가운데 대례 행례의 구조와 절차에 내재된 의미를 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. ‘대례 행례’는 성리대전 「가례」의 혼례절차인 의혼-납채-납폐-친영 가운데 친영을 말한다. 연구의 목적을 위해 먼저 혼례 제도의 변화를 살펴보고 다음으로 대례 행례의 구조와 절차에 내재 된 의미를 살펴보았다. 우리나라 혼례 제도의 변화를 살펴본 결과, 우리나라의 국속은 삼국시대부터 1000년이 지나도록 서류부가혼이었다. 이 연구에서 한국전통혼례는 고대로부터 조선말까지 이어온 우리의 혼속에 중국으로부터 전래된 가례 혼례의 영향을 받아 풍속화 된 것을 말한다. 대례 행례의 구조에 내재된 의미를 살펴본 결과, 대례 행례의 구조는 전안례, 교배례, 합근례로 구성되어 있다. 전안례는 신랑이 신부에게 혼인을 약속하기 위하여 징표로서 기러기를 두고 의식을 거행하는 것이다. 다음 교배례는 첫 상견례를 하고 좨주하고 상견주를 마신다. 이황은 교배례와 합근례 사이에 교수례를 넣었다. 첫 상견례에서 절하는 방식은 세 가지가 있다. 이 가운데 신부가 먼저 사배하고 신랑이 답으로 재배하는 방식이 조사한 예서 65권 가운데 12권(18%)에 불과 하지만 남자는 재배를 예로 삼고 여자는 사배를 예로 삼는다는 고례의 뜻에 부합한다고 본다. 신랑과 신부가 서는 위치는 서동부서(壻東婦西)가 대부분이었다. 그러나 신랑과 신부의 서는 위치를 ‘서동부서(壻東婦西)’로 한 것은 가례의 동뢰연에서 신랑과 신부의 위치를 수평 이동시킨 것이라 볼 수 있다. 반면에 신랑과 신부의 서는 위치를 ‘서서부동(壻西婦東)’으로 한 것은 여성 중심의 혼례에 따라 우리나라 고례로부터 수직 이동에 의한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 좨주(祭酒)는 대례 행례 중에서 가장 중요한 절차이다. 이것은 한국의 풍토, 한국인의 사유 과정에서 형성되어 나오는 행위로 볼 수 있다. 혼례를 성혼시키는데 덕망 높은 분이나 주혼자가 천지신명께 기원하는 행위이다. 처음에는 씨족이나 부족장에서 문중의 어른으로, 이것이 변화되어 신랑 신부가 좨주를 하게 된 것으로 추측된다. 합근례는 언약례이다. 합근할 때 여러 가지 방법이 있으나 술을 마실 때 술을 부어 각각 마시는 것이 서로 바꾸어 마시는 이치라고 했다. 즉 신랑 신부의 합근 잔을 바꾸지 않는 것이다. 현대 한국인들은 전통 혼례에 대해 부정적인 견해도 있지만 한국문화에 대한 자긍심이 높다. 한국적으로 디자인되어 풍속화 된 전통 혼례를 보존하고 지켜가기 위해서는 대례 행례의 구조와 절차에 내재된 의미를 바르게 알고 행례 절차를 표준화하여 우리나라 전통 혼례가 이론적 체계를 가지고 지속되도록 하여야 한다. The purpose of this study is to examine the inherent meaning of the structure and ritual of Haengrye (An Act of Conducting a Ceremony) of Daerye, in the traditional Korean wedding ceremony process. ‘Daeryehaengrye’ refers to Chinnyeong (親迎, Bridegroom Personally Inducting the Bride into His Home), one of the rituals, Uihon-Napchae-Nappye-Chinnyeong, in Karye of Seongni daejeon (Great Collection of Neo-Confucianism). For the purpose of the research, the changes in the wedding institution were first examined, followed by an exploration of the inherent meaning of structure and ritual of Daeryehaengrye. The examination of the changes in the Korean wedding institution revealed that the traditional Korean wedding system was Seoryubugahon persisting from the Three Kingdoms period (Samguk) for over 1000 years. The traditional Korean wedding ceremony was ritualized, influenced by the Chinese wedding ceremony tradition of 「Karye(嘉禮)」 passed down from ancient times to the late Joseon Dynasty. The analysis of the inherent meaning of the structure and ritual of Daeryehaengrye reveals that it consists of three main parts: Jeonanrye(奠雁禮), Kyobaerye(交拜禮), and Hapgeunrye(交拜禮). Jeonanrye involves conducting a ceremony with a goose as a symbol, wherein the groom makes a promise to the bride. Kyobaerye includes the first formal big bow, conduct Jaeju(祭酒), and the drinking of the rice wine. Yi Hwang introduced Kyosoorye(交手礼) between Kyobaerye and Hapgeunrye. There are three methods of bowing in the first formal big bow. Of these, the method where the bride first bows four times and then the groom responds with bowing two times aligns with the custom where men with two bows and women with four bows are considered propriety, although it is only found in only 12 out of 65 surveyed books of propriety (18%). The positioning of the bridegroom and bride was predominantly Seodongbuseo(壻東婦西). However, the reason for this ‘Seodongbuseo’ positioning can be seen as a horizontal shift of the bridegroom and bride's positions during Dongrweyeon of Karye. On the other hand, positioning them in Seoseobudong can be attributed to a vertical shift according to the female-centric wedding customs in Korea. Jaeju(祭酒) is the most crucial ritual in Daeryehaengrye. It can be seen as an act formed through the ethos and thought process of Koreans. It is an act of praying to the heavens and earth by a person of high virtue or the marriage officer in the process of a wedding ceremony. Initially performed by clan elders or village leaders then by family elders, it is assumed to had evolved to be performed by the bridegroom and bride. Hapgeunrye is an oath ceremony. There are various methods of Hapgeun, but when drinking rice wine, pouring it and each drinking it was considered symbolize the essence of mutual exchange. Thus, they do not exchange the Hapgeun gourd. While some Koreans in the modern age may hold negative views on traditional wedding ceremonies, there is a high level of pride in Korean culture. To preserve and uphold the wedding ceremonies designed in Korean way, it is essential to standardize the rituals and meanings of Daeryehaengrye, thereby ensuring that traditional Korean wedding ceremonies continue with a theoretical framework.

관례(冠禮)의 전통과 인성교육적 함의

송미화 대동철학회 2019 大同哲學 Vol.89 No.-

의례 중에서도 관례(冠禮)는 전통 유교 문화의 ‘성인식’(成人式)이다. 성인식은 그 문화가 ‘성인’에게 부여하는 사회적 조건들이 함축되어 있다. 즉 ‘성인’이라는 의미의 사회적 조건은 성인식을 통해 형식화된 문화양식으로 표출된다. 그러므로 성인식의 의미와 전통을 제대로 이해하면 어떤 사회가 성인에게 기대하는 소망과 요구를 파악하게 될 것이다. 이러한 의미에서 관례가 지니는 문화적 의미가 무엇인지를 밝히는 작업은 상당히 중요한 의의가 있다. 특히 우리나라는 조선시대에 이르러 유교사회가 요구하는 가장 바람직한 인간을 만들어내기 위한 교육적 도구로서, 그리고 자녀의 입지(立志)를 위한 의례로서 관례를 중시했다. 관례는 일정한 형식을 통해 성인으로서의 행동규범을 일러주고 다짐하는 절차이며, 참석한 사람들로부터 성인으로서 또 사회구성원으로서 완전한 자격을 공식적으로 인정받는 의례이다. 그러므로 관례의 절차는 그 자체로 중요한 의미와 상징을 갖는데, 그 중에서도 본명을 대신하여 지어주는 자(字)와 그 의미를 설명하는 자설(字說)의 현대적 의의가 크다. 특히 ‘자설’은 훌륭한 인성을 갖춘 성인이 되기 위해 명심하고 실천해야 할 인생의 지표를 제시하는 것이기에 인성교육으로 활용할 수 있는 가능성이 매우 높다.‘자’와 ‘자설’을 통해 한 집안, 한 사회의 구성원으로서 일생동안 명심하고 지켜가야 할 가치와 규범을 일러주고 성인다운 마음가짐을 당부한다면 청소년들이 자신의 삶의 목표를 수립하고 자아정체감을 확립할 수 있는 좋은 계기가 될 수 있다. Guanrye, amongst rites, is a coming-of-age ceremony of traditional Confucian culture. Social conditions a certain culture attributes to an 'adult' are implied in coming-of-age ceremony. Therefore, social conditions of being an adult are expressed as a formalized culture pattern through coming-of-age ceremony. If you fully understand the meaning of coming-of-age ceremony and tradition, you can see the desires and demands a certain society expects from an adult. In such sense, it is very important to study social definition that Guanrye carries. Especially in Korea, during the Joseon Dynasty era, Guanrye was highly regarded as an educational tool to make a desirable human being demanded by Confucian society, and as a rite for children's determination. Guanrye is a procedure to suggest and resolve the code of conduct as an adult through certain formality ,and is a rite to be publicly approved as an adult and as a member of society by participants of the ceremony. Therefore, the procedure of Guanrye has important meaning and symbolism. Out of all, courtesy names given and the definition of the name have great modern significance. Especially, since a definition of courtesy name suggests direction in life which one needs to keep in mind and practice to be a man of upright character, it is highly likely to be used for education of character. If we could suggest values and standards to be kept as a member of family and society through courtesy name and the definition of the name, and suggest mindset as an adult, it would be a great opportunity for the youth to set their goals in life and establish their ego-identity.

이러닝 기반 교직원 안전교육의 학습만족도와 업무활용도에 관한 연구

송미화,한태인 에듀테크학회(구 이러닝학회) 2018 이러닝학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.10

Transforming Patient Health Management: Insights from Explainable AI and Network Science Integration

송미화 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2024 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.16 No.1

This study explores the integration of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and network science in healthcare, focusing on enhancing healthcare data interpretation and improving diagnostic and treatment methods. Key methodologies like Graph Neural Networks, Community Detection, Overlapping Network Models, and Time-Series Network Analysis are examined in depth for their potential in patient health management. The research highlights the transformative role of XAI in making complex AI models transparent and interpretable, essential for accurate, data-driven decision-making in healthcare. Case studies demonstrate the practical application of these methodologies in predicting diseases, understanding drug interactions, and tracking patient health over time. The study concludes with the immense promise of these advancements in healthcare, despite existing challenges, and underscores the need for ongoing research to fully realize the potential of AI in this field.

A Multi-Classifier Based Guideline Sentence Classification System

송미화,김성현,박동균,이영호 대한의료정보학회 2011 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: An efficient clinical process guideline (CPG) modeling service was designed that uses an enhanced intelligent search protocol. The need for a search system arises from the requirement for CPG models to be able to adapt to dynamic patient contexts, allowing them to be updated based on new evidence that arises from medical guidelines and papers. Methods:A sentence category classifier combined with the AdaBoost.M1 algorithm was used to evaluate the contribution of the CPG to the quality of the search mechanism. Three annotators each tagged 340 sentences hand-chosen from the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7) clinical guideline. The three annotators then carried out cross-validations of the tagged corpus. A transformation function is also used that extracts a predefined set of structural feature vectors determined by analyzing the sentential instance in terms of the underlying syntactic structures and phrase-level co-occurrences that lie beneath the surface of the lexical generation event. Results: The additional sub-filtering using a combination of multi-classifiers was found to be more effective than a single conventional Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF)-based search system in pinpointing the page containing or adjacent to the guideline information. Conclusions: We found that transformation has the advantage of exploiting the structural and underlying features which go unseen by the bag-of-words (BOW) model. We also realized that integrating a sentential classifier with a TF-IDF-based search engine enhances the search process by maximizing the probability of the automatically presented relevant information required in the context generated by the guideline authoring environment.

Android Network Packet Monitoring & Analysis Using Wireshark and Debookee

송미화 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2016 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.8 No.4

Recently, mobile traffic has increased tremendously due to the deployment of smart devices such as smartphones and smart tablets. Android is the world’s most powerful mobile platform in smartphone. The Android operating system provide seamless access to many applications and access to the Internet. It would involve network packet sharing communicated over the network. Network packet contains a lot of useful information about network activity that can be used as a description of the general network behaviours. To study what is the behaviours of the network packet, an effective tools such as network packet analyzers software used by network administrators to capture and analyze the network information. In this research, more understanding about network information in live network packet captured from Android smartphone is the target and identify the best network analyzer software.

辛夕汀 硏究 : 詩의 變貌過程을 中心으로

송미화 우석대학교 국어국문학연구회 1983 又石語文 Vol.1 No.-

박물관 학습을 통한 중등학교의 역사교육 방안

송미화,김대현 청람사학회 2006 靑藍史學 Vol.13 No.-

임상근거지식 추출을 위한 메디컬 인포매틱스 기법

송미화,박동균,이영호 대한의사협회 2012 대한의사협회지 Vol.55 No.8

Clinical professionals gain new information to assist in patient care when they read the medical literature. Similarly, in clinical preventive medicine, medical science documents that have previously published can be searched and evaluated in order to confirm the scientific support for the clinical preventive medical service offered in order to prevent chronic disease. This paper introduces the medical informatics techniques for knowledge extraction that can become the basis for clinical practice. Particularly, it discusses the clinical document retrieval and knowledge discovery tools that can search for extracting the knowledge which the medical expert desires with data mining techniques. For example, Clinical medical personnel and medical researchers can locate the information from the latest literature rapidly or find and evaluate the scientific basis for the treatment and prevention of infection. This study can be used when they analyze the correlation between accumulated and different type of data and contributes to the detection of new knowledge. Recently, the concern about the visualization of massive data and information is high as the importance of big data has received greater attention. Contributions to this technique and decision support tools will increase gradually due to the way support for decision-making through scientific evidence for the pattern changing disease is evaluated or as one of the clinical practice guidelines is accepted.

갱년기 안면홍조에 대한 매선치료 : 체계적 문헌고찰

송미화,홍가경,최창민,Song, Mi-Hwa,Hong, Ka-Kyung,Choi, Chang-Min 대한한방부인과학회 2017 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.18 No.4

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to overview and evaluate the effectiveness of acupoint catgut embedding for climacteric hot flush. Methods: We searched articles from CNKI, Pubmed CENTRAL, Koreantk, Oasis online databases. After searching the articles, we performed quality assessment using Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tools. Results: Among the 20 articles were searched, one radomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) was selected. 1 Study showed that Acupoint catgut embedding treatment has significant effect on climacteric hot flush in terms of the effectiveness rate. Conclusions: This study found encouraging but limited evidence of aupoint catgut embedding theragpy for climacteric hot flush.