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EN 13203-2에 기초한 가정용 가스보일러 온수성능에 대한 에너지 소비량 평가방법
오석호(Oh, Seokho),송기종(Song, kijong),강재철(Kang, Jaecheol),강영각(Kang, yeonggak) 표준인증안전학회 2020 표준인증안전학회지 Vol.10 No.3
최근 선진국에서는 과거의 효율등급제도 개선을 위하여 노력하고 있으며 영국, 독일, 네덜란드, 이탈리아를 포함한 유럽연합(EU)의 경우, 2005년을 기점으로 해서 지구 온난화 대책 및 에너지 사용기기의 고효율화와 친환경성을 강화시키기 위하여 Eco-design Directive와 같은 제도를 적극 추진하였다. 그 중에서도 가정용 가스보일러를 최우선 품목으로 지정하여 2007년에 Eco-design of Boiler를 발표, 2011년에 강제 적용된 “Eco-design Directive” 발표, 2015년 “ErP 2015 Directive” 발표에 따라 난방효율 및 온수 효율이 낮은 제품은 시장진입을 금지하였으며, 온수량, 온수조절능력, 온수사용량에 따른 온도변화 등의 요건을 관련 표준에서 정하고 있다. 본 연구는 가정용 가스보일러의 에너지 효율을 향상시키기 위하여 다양한 사용조건에 따른 온수공급성능 시험을진행하였으며, 시험에 필요한 온수에 대한 일일 공급 프로그램은 EN 13203-2에 따라 가정의 주방과 욕실에서사용되는 온수로 정의하였다. 유럽에서는 온수 에너지효율을 38% 이상(일반 가정용 보일러 용량, XL)이 되어야설치가 가능하며, 이 값을 만족하지 못할 경우 사용할 수 없게 된다. 따라서 유럽의 난방 및 온수 효율 기준을강화하려는 움직임에 따라 국내 제품의 품질 경쟁력을 확보하고 제조사의 유럽 지역 수출을 활성화하기 위하여자체 제작한 시험 장치를 이용하여 시험과정을 소개하였다. Recently, developed countries are making efforts to improve the former efficiency rating system. In the case of the European Union (EU) including the UK, Germany, the Netherlands, and Italy, starting in 2005, systems such as the Eco-design Directive have been actively promoted in order to reinforce global warming measures, high efficiency and eco-friendliness of energy-using devices. In this situation, according to the announcement of the Eco-design of Boiler in 2007, the “Eco-design Directive” enforced in 2011, and the “ErP 2015 Directive” in 2015, with the announcement of the Eco-design of Boiler in 2007 by designating the gas boiler as the top priority. Products with low heating efficiency and hot water efficiency were prohibited from entering the market, and requirements such as hot water quantity, hot water control capacity, and temperature change according to hot water consumption, etc were set in the relevant standards. This study conducted a hot water supply performance test according to various usage conditions to improve the energy efficiency of a household gas boiler. The daily supply program for hot water required for the test was defined as hot water used in home kitchens and bathrooms according to EN 13203-2. In Europe, hot water energy efficiency must be above 38%(General household gas boiler capacity, XL) to be installed, and if this value is not satisfied, it cannot be used. Therefore, in accordance with the movement to strengthen European heating and hot water efficiency standards, the test process was introduced using self-produced test equipment in order to secure the quality competitiveness of domestic products and promote exports of manufacturers to Europe.
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자열증발된 액체연료를 적용한 원통형 예혼합 연소기의 연소특성
이필형(Pil Hyong Lee),송기종(Ki Jong Song),황상순(Sang Soon Hwang) 한국연소학회 2016 한국연소학회지 Vol.21 No.3
The fuel in conventional liquid fuel combustor is atomized by spray method for high efficiency and low emissions. To improve the overall fuel efficiency and lower pollutant emissions in liquid fuel combustion systems, the effective spatial and temporal separation of droplet evaporation from normal spray process is needed. In this paper, the recuperation of high temperature burnt gas for fuel evaporation was proposed to develop a cylindrical premixed combustor. The recuperation process using U shaped tube is effective to evaporate the liquid fuel. The results show that the flame mode is changed into red radiation flame, blue flame and lift off flame with decreasing equivalence ratio as gas fuel combustion mode. In particular, the blue flame is found to be very stable at heating load 9.2 kW and equivalence ratio 0.731. NOx was measured blow 105 ppm (O₂ zero base) from equivalence ratio 0.705 to 0.835. CO which is a very important emission index in liquid fuel combustor was observed below 5 ppm (O₂ zero base) under the same equivalence region.
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홍성원(Seong Weon Hong),이필형(Pil Hyong Lee),차천륜(Chun Loon Cha),송기종(Ki Jong Song),임현진(Hyun Jin Im),황상순(Sang Soon Hwang) 한국연소학회 2012 KOSCOSYMPOSIUM논문집 Vol.- No.44
The flameless combustion has been considered as one of the promising combustion technology for high energy efficiency and reducing NOx and CO emissions. To investigate the effects of fluid conditions on the formation of flameless combustion, a numerical approach was performed. The flameless combustion possesses lower temperature region and more uniform temperature distribution than conventional flame. The results show that the flow rate of the system which mainly influence on recirculation ratio is the most important parameter for flameless combustion.
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재래귤의 성숙시기별 리모노이드 쓴맛 표시자로서 Limonoid UDP-glucosyltransferase 발현 분석
김영미 ( Young Mee Kim ),이도승 ( Do Seung Lee ),전덕현 ( Deok Hyoen Jeon ),송연우 ( Yeon Woo Song ),이동선 ( Dong Sun Lee ),류기종 ( Key Zung Ryu ),조문제 ( Moon Jae Cho ),이동훈 ( Dong Hoon Lee ),김소미 ( So Mi Kim ) 한국식품저장유통학회(구 한국농산물저장유통학회) 2011 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.18 No.2
Limonoid UDP-glucosyltransferase (LUGT) is an enzyme that converts limonoids into their corresponding glucosides and ultimately ameliorates limonoid bitterness in Citrus species. In this paper, the LUGT gene was cloned via PCR from 10 Jeju Citrus species. All the deduced glucosyltransferase proteins harbored a highly conserved plant secondary product glucosyltransferase (PSPG) motif within the C terminal region. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequence comparison of the LUGT proteins from 10 Citrus species generated three distinct types. The expression patterns of LUGT gene in three representative species from each type were quite different with that of C. unshiu Marc. cv. Miyagawawase(Gungcheon), which his without distinctive juice delayed bitterness. Ourresultssho wth at some Citrus speciessuchas Citrusleiocarpa HORT(Bingul), Citruserythrosa HORT (Dongjunggul), and Citrustachibana TANAKA(Honggul) end emicin Jeju maybe susceptible to intense juice delayed bitterness due to delay inexpression of LUGT.
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