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직무불안 지각에 따른 비정규직 직원들의 정보공유와 보복행동: 지각된 정보불공정성의 매개효과 검증
손슬옹,김하연,서우종,강대석 한국기업경영학회 2012 기업경영연구 Vol.19 No.6
Hiring contingent workers are widely conceived as an important mean of ensuring the efficient use of human resources in contemporary business milieu. Nevertheless, from a social exchange perspective, such contingent workers have little reason to engage in citizenship performance largely due to their psychological contract which is short-term and economic in nature. Rather, their transactional obligation may make them easy to engage in organizational retaliatory behaviors (ORB) without hesitation. However, the impact of the perception of job insecurity for temporary workers relatively vulnerable to job loss on their behaviors has not yet to be cleared. In this regard, this study investigates the influences of contingent workersʼ perceived job insecurity on their anticitizenship. Job insecurity is proposed to have a harmful effect on both information sharing behaviors and organizational retaliatory behaviors (ORB) and it is argued that these effects are mediated by informational injustice. Specifically, the impact of job insecurity on information sharing is hypothesized to be partially mediated by informational injustice perception, whereas the impact on ORB is hypothesized to be fully mediated. The variable of informational injustice may play an important role in explaining contingent workersʼ reactions given that such dimension of injustice which is tacit and embedded in action can be a precursor of their future employment conditions. Valid and reliable self-report evaluation measures were administered to a sample of 135 contingent workers in three discount stores in South Korea. Discount store jobs present an exemplary case to study our research questions because they manage a variety of contingent employment forms and these workers are vulnerable to structural injustice such as unequal access to important information. The findings using structural equation modeling (SEM) show that contingent workersʼ job insecurity had a positive impact on their perception of informational injustice. This highlights that contingent workersʼ perceived job insecurity is primarily related to the issue of discrimination while permanents focus on psychological contract breach in the context of job insecurity. Unexpectedly, the negative impact of job insecurity on information sharing was fully mediated by informational injustice. It means that informational injustice perception was a more proximal variable than job insecurity in the prediction of information sharing behavior. If workers were supposed to be in permanent position, job insecurity would also have direct effect on information sharing. Furthermore, informational injustice partially mediated job insecurity-ORB relationship. It should be noted, however, that the direct path from job insecurity to ORB was in the opposite direction than the indirect effect through informational injustice perception (i.e. suppressor effects). The results of the current study have useful implications, i.e., managers must pay attention to contingent workersʼ perceptions of job insecurity and informational injustice as long as temporary work arrangements are a good means to increase flexibility and avoid cost. 본 연구는 비정규직 직원들의 직무불안(job insecurity) 지각과 그들의 반시민적행동(anticitizenship)의 관계를 정보불공정성(informational injustice)을 매개변수로 설정하여 분석하고자 하였다. 비정규직 직원들의 반시민적행동은 정보공유(information sharing)의 회피와 조직에서의 보복행동(organizational retaliatory behavior: ORB)으로 구분하여 비교의 시각에서 검토된다. 이에 따라서 직무 불안의 부정적 영향은 정보 불공정성의 지각을 경유하여 그들의 정보공유 행동과 ORB에 각각 부분과 완전매개를 하는 것으로 다르게 가설화되었다. 연구에 사용된 표본은 수도권에 소재한 3개의 대형마트에 근무하는 135명의 비정규직 직원들로 부터 획득되었다. 구조방정식 모델(structural equation modeling: SEM)은 직무불안과 정보불공정성 지각이 강한 긍정적인 상관을 나타낼 뿐 아니라 두 종속변수에 대해서도 유의한 매개효과를 입증 하였다. 즉 정보 공유행동과 관련하여 비정규직 직원들의 직무불안은 정보불공정성 지각을 통한 간접효과만을 나타냈다. 반면, ORB에 대해서는 정보불공정성을 통한 직, 간접 효과 모두 유의한 것으로 나타났으며 이들 사이에서 억제효과가 발견되었다. 이러한 연구결과들은 비정규직 직원들에게 있어서도 직무불안은 중요한 이슈일 뿐만 아니라 이들이 지각하는 직무불안은 평소 정보불공정성 경험과 결부되어 독특한 양상의 부정적인 행동반응을 초래하게 됨을 시사한다
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