[ $Fr\ddot{a}nkel$ ] Appliance

유영규,손병화,박영철,오성산,Ryu, Young Kyu,Sohn, Byung Hwa,Park, Young Chel,Oh, Sung San 대한치과교정학회 1983 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.13 No.1

성인에서 골격형 III급 부정교합자와 정상교합자의 근활성도에 관한 연구

김택수(Taik-Soo Kim),손병화(Byung-Hwa Sohn) 대한치과교정학회 1992 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.22 No.3

Biphosphonate(Etidronate disodium) 투여 후 치아이동에 따른 치근흡수 및 치조골 변화에 관한 연구

황충주(Chung-Ju Hwang),손병화(Byung-Hwa Sohn) 대한치과교정학회 1991 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Many studies has been conducted concerning prevention of unnecessary complications such as root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement under various mechanical forces. Nowadays, the cause of the root resorption is not thought to be confined only to mechanical forces. But the factor that affects bone metabolism are thought to be major one of the predisposing factors. The light microscope and scanning electron microscope were used to the effects of 60gm, and 100gm of tipping force on root resorption of cats, which were treated with Etidronate disodium. The results were as follows: 1. In the 60gm control group, hyalinization on the compression site of periodontal ligament appeared after first week and second week. In the 60gm experimental group, it appeared after first week with low frequency. In the 100gm control group it appeared with high frequency by first and second week while in 100gm experimental group, it appeared with low frequency. 2. In the 100gm control group, resorption of the cementum and the alveolar bone rapidly increased after second week. In the 60gm experimental group, resorption or formation of alveolar bone and cementum didn´t appear all through the experimental period. 3. In the 100gm control group. formation of cementum and alveolar bone appeared after first week while in the 100gm experimental group, formation of cementum and alveolar bone appeared after second week and fourth week respectively. In the 60gm control group, formation of the cementum didn´t appear all through the experimental period. 4. In the control group, the root resorption of 100gm group was higher than that of 60gm group after second week, while in experimental group, root resorption didn´t appear regardless of the forces.

Continuous straight archwire에 의하여 발생하는 force system의 분석

손병화,최광철 대한치과교정학회 1996 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Edgewise bracket에 continuous straight archwire를 장착 했을 때 걱 bracket에 발생하는 force system은 statically indeterminate system이기 때문에 임상적으로 측정이 어렵다. 이에 본 연구는 linear beam theory를 도입하여 full arch에 straight wire가 장착된 경우 geometry(a/b), 재질, 단면의 모양, interbracket distance에 관계없이 발생 가능한 모든 상태를 설명할 수 있는 식을 유도하고 일례의 분석을 통하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Bilateral fixed beam의 양끝에서 발생하는 force system을 알 수 있는 계산식을 얻었다. 2. 이를 이용하여 continuous straight archwire가 장착된 경우 각 치아에 발생하는 force system을 알 수 있다. 3. Continuous straight archwire 장착시 영구변형의 발생여부와 발생위치를 예측 할 수 있다. Determination of force system and prediction of side effects from unbent straight wire engaged in edgewise bracket is clinically very difficult because it is statically indeterminate system. This study is to develop a linear beam theory that explains the force system for straight wire engaged in edgewise bracket regardless of geometry(a/b), material, cross section of wire, and interbracket distance. 1. Formula for force system of bilateral fixed end beam was derived. 2. It is possible to calculate force system of each tooth engaged in continuous straight wire. 3. The possibility and location of permanent deformation can be predicted.

실험적 당뇨 백서에서 교정력에 의한 치조골의 Cyclic AMP의 변화에 관한 연구

손병화,백일수 대한치과교정학회 1986 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.16 No.2

The physical tooth movement by orthodontic force is based upon alveolar bone resorption at compression site and new bone formation at tension site of the alveolar socket. The function of the cyclic AMP is to participate not only in initial action of bone cells by mechanical forces but also in the continuous cellular response leading to bone remodelling. This experiment was performed to clarify the role of cyclic AMP in bone remodelling by mechanical force in the NORMAL group, the DIABETES group and the INSULIN TREATED group. The 72 rats were divided into the NORMAL group, the DIABETES group and the INSULIN TREATED group. The same orthodontic forces were applied to the rats of 3 groups. These rats were treated for periods of time ranging from 1 hour, 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days. The samples of alveolar bones were obtained from compression and tension sites surrounding the tipping teeth from NORMAL, DIABETE and INSULIN TREATED rats. The samples were assayed for cyclic AMP by the cyclic AMP RIA kit. The results were as follows: 1. The cyclic AMP levels of alveolar bone in compression and tension sites showed initial decrease, then increased and remained elevated by the time consuming. 2. The highest cyclic AMP level showed in the DIABETES group and the lowest level was in the NORMAL group. 3. The cyclic AMP levels in the INSULIN TREATED group was similar with the NORMAL group in control and tension sites, but in the compression sites it was similar with the DIABETES group.

한국 성인 정상교합자의 악안면 정상치에 관한 두부방사선에 계측학적 연구

손병화,이원유 대한치과교정학회 1984 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.14 No.1

This study was performed to aid for the case analysis of the maxillofacial deformities. A cephalometric analysis was made from 101 subjects over 18 years old, that consisted of 46 males and 55 females with normal occlusion, acceptable profile. The results of this study were obtained as follows: 1. The tables of normals in adult male and female were made. 2. The angles of SNO were 65.5°in male and 65.3°in female and the horizontal linear measurements from 0 to NA(O-NA) were 9.0mm in male and 8.9mm in female. 3. The cranial base angles (SN-FH) were 8.2°in male and 10.3°in female and the mandibular plane angles (OP-HP) were 28.1°in male and 26.2°in female. 4. The correlation of (O)-NA) to S-O/S-A and S-O/S-N were higher than SNO, and the correlation of (N-A) to SNA and (N-B) were high.

상악골 급속 확장시 상악골의 응력 분산과 변위에 대한 유한요소법적 분석

조봉제,손병화 대한치과교정학회 1985 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Recently, rapid palatal expansion technique is widly used for the correction of the skeletal imbalance in CI III malocclusion patients. There were many studies about the cephalometric changes to rapid palatal expansion but quantitative analysis were small. The purpose of this study was to analysis the stress and displacement of the maxilla in human dry skull to rapid palatal expansion. The results were as follows: 1. The anterior portion of palate show more lateral and inferior displacement than the posterior portion. But the posterior portion show more anterior displacement. 2. In transpalatal suture area, the medial portion show more anterior and inferior displacement than teh lateral portion. But the lateral portion show more lateral displacement than the medial portion. 3. In mid-sagittal plane, the lower portion (palatal area) of maxilla show more anterior, lateral, inferior displacement than the upper portion (frontamaxillary stuture area). 4. In zygomatic arch, the adjacent area to maxillsa show tensile stresses and the adjacent area to frontal bone show compressive stresses. 5. The sequence of stress bearing area to R.P.E. is upper retromolar area, upper 1st molar, 1st premolar, 2nd premolar, anterior segment of teeth.

성장기 아동의 상하악골 성장 및 제 1대구치 위치적 변화에 대한 연구

조대희,손병화 대한치과교정학회 1987 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth changes of maxilla and mandible and position changes of first permanent molars of growing children. The author analyzed the data using cephalometric roentgenogram of 43 boys and 39 girls age of 6 to 11 with mormal occlusion. The obtained results were as follows 1. The eruption path of maxillary and mandibular first permanent molar superimposed on TM-ANS and mandibular plane shows individual variation. 2. There was no correlation between horizontal and vertical changes of maxillary first permanent molar, but positive correlation in mandibular first permanent molar. 3. As the eruption, the forward changes of mandibular first permanent molar was significantly greater than that of maxillary first permanent molar. 4. As the ages were increased, there were irregular growth changes of maxilla and mandible. 5. Growth changes of lower anterior facial height was relatively stable 6. N-S-6 was stable after age 7.

안모 성장유형에 따른 악안면 형태에 관한 연구

김영원,손병화 대한치과교정학회 1985 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.15 No.2

The author compared patients with extreme variations in MP-SN angle with normal group in order to examine the relationship between the MP-SN angle and other skeletal and dental parameters. The results were as follows; 1. The OP-SN angle and OP-MP angle decreased as the MP-SN angle decreased. 2. As the MP-SN angle decreased, the skeletal and dental components became more anteriorly situated. 3. In high MP-SN group, TFH, UFH, LFH, OP-MP, ADH increased more than those in average MP-SN group. 4. The RH/TFH ratio decreased as the MP-SN increased.

HEAD GEAR가 상악골에 미치는 영향에 관한 유한요소법적 분석

이인수,손병화 대한치과교정학회 1985 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.15 No.2

The pufpose of this study was to analyze the stresss distribution and the displacement in the maxillary complex after the application of the three kinds of the head gear.(high pull head gear, straight pull head gear, cervical pull head gear.) Orthopedic force, 300 gram, was applied to the maxilla of the dry human skull in a high, straight and cervical direction. The stress distribution and the dispacement within the maxillary complex was analyzed by a 3-dimensional finite element method. The result were as follow: 1. In crown, the stress of cervical pull head gear was greatest stress and straight pull head gear was the medium stress and high pull head gear was the least stress. 2. The compressive stress was observed on the anterior portion of premaxilla, especially anterior nasal spine area, when the three kinds of head gear were applied to the dry kuman skull. 3. It appeared that the stress of the anterior portion of the zygomatic bone was greater than the posterior portion in the case of three kinds of head gear application and compressive stress was noted only at the below of the frontozygomatic suture of the zygomatic bone. 4. The backward, upward, sideward displcement of the alveolar area was observed in a high pull head gear application but in the case of straight pull head gear and cervical pull head gear application, the backward, downward, sideward displacement was observed. 5. The forward, downward, sideward displacement was observed on the midpalatine suture and premaxilla on the sagittal plane and transverse palatine suture in the case of three kinds of headgear application.