Holstein종 乳牛의 泌乳量 및 乳助成分에 미치는 遺傳 및 環境의 效果

尙炳贊,徐吉雄 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1994 농업과학연구 Vol.21 No.1

This, study was conducted to estimate the genetic and environmental effects on lactation yield and milk compositions in Holstein cows. The data analysis were the records of 159 cows rearing at Nation Animal Breeding Institute from 1990 to 1991. The least square means were estimated on milk and fat yield in lactation yield, and the percent of fat, protein, solids-not-fat and total solid in milk composition. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The average yield of milk and fat in 305 days were 7,026.56 ± 1,357.24 and 254.65±44.94 Kg, and the percent of fat. protein. solids-not-fat and total solid were 3.69±0.43, 3.32±0.41, 9.15±0.49 and 12.75±0.96, and the coefficients of variation were 18.68, 17.64, 11.88 and 12.34% for milk yield, fat yield, fat percent and protein percent, respectively. 2. The effect of sires was highly significant at 1% level in milk and fat yield and fat percent, and significant at 5% level in protein and total solid percent. Among the sires. B, L and O sire were superior in milk yield with 7,571.22, 7,499.11 and 7,420.58 Kg, and A, F and K sire were superior in protein percent with 3.75. 3.64 and 3.65. respectively. 3. The effect, of parity was highly significant at 1% level in milk yield, and significant at 5% level in fat yield. Among the parities, the 3rd parity was superior in milk and fat yield with 7,634.54 and 274.98 Kg, and the 4th and over was superior in fat and protein percent with 3.90 and 3.50, respectively. 4. The effect of calving seasons was highly significant at 1% level in milk yield, and significant at 5% level in fat yield, and the percent of fat. protein and total solid. Among the calving seasons. spring and winter were superior in milk yield with 7,310.31 and 7,364.57 Kg, also spring and winter were superior in protein percent with 3.68 arid 3.52,respectively.

Holstein種 乳牛의 乳蛋白質의 遺傳的多型과 乳組成分間의 연관성

尙炳贊,李祖奫,崔宗祐,成昌根 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1993 농업과학연구 Vol.20 No.1

To applying of genetic markers of milk proteins as dairy cow registration and selection aids for genetic improvement. genopypes controlling the 4 milk protein loci. αSl.-casein (αS1-CN), β-casein(β-CM), κ-casein(κ-CN), and β-lactoglobulin(β-LG), from a total of 159 Holstein lactating cows reared at National Animal Breeding Station in 1992 were detected by polyacrylamide gel(PAGE) electrophoresis, and associations between genetic polymorphisms of milk proteins and milk compositions were analyzed. The observed distribution of phenotypes for αS₁-CN, β-CN, κ-CN and β-LG were agreement with those expected under the assumption of genetic equilibrium. The observed genotypic frequencies of the αS1-CN BB, β-CN AA, κ-CN AA and β-LG AB genotypes were founded to be very high as 79.87%, 84.28%. 71.70% and 49.10%, respectively. Gene frequencies were 0.899 and 0.101. for αS1-CN^B and αS1-CN^C, 0.921 and 0.079 for β-CN^A and β-CN^B, 0.837 and 0.163 for κ-CN^A and κ-CN^B, 0.378 and 0.622 for β-LG^A and β-CN^B. According to the results of analysis of variance. the genotypes of the αS1-CN, β-CN, κ-CN and β-LG were significantly difference for fat, protein and total solid percentage in milk compositions. On milk compositions. the κ-CN BB genotype was very high fat and protein percentage more than κ-CN AA and AB genotypes, and β-LG AA genotype was very high fat percentage more than β-LG AB and BB genotype at 5% level of significant difference, respectively. As a consequence, the fat and protein percentage may be improved to select to κ-CN BB and β-LG AA genotypes.

돼지의 이유 후 형질에 대한 유전력 및 유전상관 추정

상병찬,안병석,박무균,박태진,강만석,이정규,지설하 ( B . C . Sang,B . S . Ann,M . K . Park,T . J . Park,M . S . Kang,J . G . Lee,S . H . Chee ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.6

This study was conducted to estimate the heritabilities and genetic correlations among postweaning traits in swine. The heritabilities estimated were 0.270 for daily gain, 0.350 for feed requirement, 0.272 for backfat thickness, 0.887 for days to 90㎏ and 0.565 for selection index. The genetic correlations of daily gain with feed requirement, backfat thickness, days to 90㎏ and selection index were -0.552, 0.107, -0.903, 0.716, and feed requirement with backfat thickness, days to 90㎏ and selection index were -0.058, 0.099, -0.942, and backfat thickness with days to 90㎏ and selection index were -0.237, -0.025, respectively.

난용종계의 난질의 유전력 및 유전상관에 관한 연구

상병찬,한성욱,오봉국,정선부 ( B . C . Sang,S . W . Han,B . K . Ohh,S . B . Chung ) 한국축산학회 1983 한국축산학회지 Vol.25 No.5

This study was conducted to improve the interior egg quality with a total of 6,093 eggs, laid at 351 Single Comb White Leghorns and 326 Rhode Island Reds, produced at National Livestock Breeding Station from March 1, 1979 through July 30, 1980. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The average albumen height of the eggs at first eggs, 300 and 500 days of age was 8.32, 7.51 and 6.74㎜ in the S.C.W. Leghorn and 8.04, 6.94 and 6.05㎜ in the R.L.Red, and the Haugh units at first egg, 300 and S00 days of age was 90.92, 79.74 and 76.25 in the S.C.W. Leghorn, and 88.54, 80.02 and 74.56 in the R.I. Red, also the egg shell thickness at first egg, 300 and 500 days of age was 0.383, (1.364 and 0.334㎜ in the S.C.W. Leghorn and 0.354, 0.332 and 0.327 in the R.I. Red. 2. The heritability estimates in the S.C.W. Leghorn and R.I. Red were 0.398∼0.847 and 0.306∼0.634 for albumen height, 0.162∼0.594 and 0.125∼0.485 for Haugh units, 0.185-0.339 and 0.176∼0.402 for egg shell thickness, respectively. 3. The genetic correlation coefficients between the interior egg qualities were as follows. In the S.C.W. Leghorn and R.I. Red, the coefficients between albumen height and Haugh units, 0.432∼0.845 arid 0.397∼0.974; between albumen height and egg shell thickness, 0.046∼0.226 and 0.068∼0.197; between Haugh units and egg shell thickness, 0.089∼0.364 and 0.165∼0.327 ; respectively.

재래한우의 혈액단백질 및 효소의 유전적 다형현상

상병찬,류승희,이상훈,한성욱,이창수 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1995 농업과학연구 Vol.22 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the genetic constitution of blood proteins and enzymes in 238 Korean Native cattle reared at Korean Native Cattle Breeding Center, National Livestock Cooperative Federation. The genetic polymorphisms of post-transferrin-2(pTf-2), transferrin(Tf), post-albumin(pAlb), albumin(Alb), ceruloplamin(Cp), amylase-I(Am-I) and hemoglobin(Hb) were analyzed by using PAGE(polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and STAGE(starch gel electrophoresis). The genotypes and gene frequencies were estimated at these loci for each blood proteins and enzymes. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows : 1. The pTf-2 locus were identified to be genetically controlled by codominant alleles designated pTf-2 F and S, and the distribution of genotypes were 46.22, 46.64 and 7.14% for pTf-2 FF, FS and SS types, and the gene frequencies of the pTf-2 F and S allele were 0,695 and 0.305, respectiveley. 2. The Tf locus were found to be controlled by Tf A, D1, D2 and E alleles, and the distributioin of genotypes were 0.84, 13.87, 13.03, 10.92, 22.27, 12.61, 2.94, 15.51, 6.72 and 1.68% for Tf AA, AD1, AD2, AE, D1D1, D1D2, D1E, D2E and EE types, and the gene frequencies of Tf A, D1, D2 and E were 0.197, 0.430, 0.191 and 0.081, respectively. 3. The pAlb locus were observed to be controlled by two alleles, pAlb F and S, and the distribution of genotypes were 42.86, 33.19 and 23.95% for pAlb FF, FS and SS types, and the gene frequencies were 0.595 and 0.405 for Tf F and S allele, respectively. Also the gene frequencies of Alb was 1.000 of Alb A allele. 4. The Cp locus were identified to be controlled by Cp F and S allele, and the distribution of genotypes were 23.11, 34.87 and 42.02% for Cp FF, FS and SS types, and the gene frequencies were 0.405 and 0.595 for Cp F and S allele, respectively. 5. The Am-I locus were observed to be genetically controlled by Am-I B and C allele, and the distribution of genotypes were 51.26, 16.81 and 31.92% for Am-I BB, BC and CC types, and the gene frequencies of Am-I B and C alleles were 0.597 and 0.403, respectively. 6. The Hb locus were found to be controlled by Hb A and B alleles, and the distribution of genotypes were 93.19, 16.39 and 0.42% for Hb AA, AB and BB types, and the gene frequencies of Hb A and B alleles were 0.914 and 0.086, respectively.

PCR 기법을 이용한 축우의 β-lactoglobulin 및 κ-casein 유전자형 분석에 관한 연구

상병찬,류승희,이상훈,송치은,남명수,전병순 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1998 농업과학연구 Vol.25 No.2

This study was performed to offer the basic and applicable data for improvement of Korean cattle and dairy cattle, according to finding the genetic construction obtained from analysis of genetic polymorphisms of β-lactoglobulin and κ-casein loci related Korean cattle and Holstein cows using PCR-RFLP. Genomic DNA used in this study was prepared from the blood of 253 individuals of Korean cattle in Korean Native Cattle Improvement Center, NLCF, and the blood of 113 individuals of Holstein cows in National Livestock Research Institute. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. This study confirmed amplified products of 530bp and 262bp fragments obtained from the amplification of β-lactoglobulin and κ-casein loci in Korean cattle and Holstein breed by PCR. 2. The β-lactoglobulin AA genotype showed 153bp and 109bp fragments, and β-lactoglobulin AB genotype showed 153bp, 109bp, 79bp and 74bp fragments, and BB genotype showed 109bp, 79bp and 74bp fragments in amplified products of β-lactoglobulin loci with the restricted enzyme digestion of Hae III. 3. The κ-casein AA genotype showed a 530bp fragment, and κ-casein AB genotype showed 530bp, 344bp and 186bp fragments, and BB genotype showed 344bp and 186bp fragments in amplified products of κ-casein loci with the restricted enzyme digestion of Taa I. 4. On β-lactoglobulin genotypes and gene frequencies, Korean cattle were 6.72%, 26.09% and 67.19% for AA, AB and BB genotypes, and β-lactoglobulin A and B alleles were 0.197 and 0.803, and Holstein were 35.40%, 56.64% and 7.96% for AA, AB and BB genotypes, and β-lactoglobulin A and B alleles were 0.637 and 0.363, respectively. 5. On κ-casein genotypes and gene frequencies, Korean cattle were 46.25%, 39.13% and 14.62% for AA, AB and BB genotypes, and κ-casein A and B alleles were 0.658 and 0.342, and Holstein were 60.18% and 38.94% and 0.88% for AA, AB and BB genotypes, and κ-casein A and B alleles were 0.796 and 0.204, respectively. 6. As a consequence, the gene frequency was 0.197 and 0.803 for β-lactoglobulin A and B alleles, and 0.658 and 0.342 for κ-casein A and B alleles in Korea cattle, but was 0.637 and 0.363 for β-lactoglobulin A and B alleles, and 0.796 and 0.204 for κ-casein A and B alleles in Holstein, respectively.

한우의 혈액단백질의 유전적 다형과 산육형질간의 연관성

상병찬,한성욱,신형두,류승희,이상훈 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1998 농업과학연구 Vol.25 No.1

To investigate the genetic polymorphisms and constitutions of blood proteins and enzymes in the Korean native cattle population of National Livestock Cooperatives Federation(NLCF), the genetic variants of transferrin(Tf), post-transferrin-2(pTf-2), albumin(Alb), post-albumin(pAlb), ceruloplasmin(Cp), amylase-I(Am-I) and hemoglobin(Hb) were analyzed using the PAGE(polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and STAGE(starch gel electrophoresis) methods. On the genetic variants of the serum proteins, the transferrin(Tf) locus was assumed to be genetically controlled by codominant alleles, Tf A, D_1, D_2 and E alleles, and the gene frequencies of these were 0.249, 0.248, 0.260 and 0.243, respectively. The post-transferrin locus was observed to be controlled by pTf-2 F and S alleles, and the gene frequencies of these were 0.662 and 0.338, respectively. The post-albumin(pAlb) loci were identified to be controlled by two alleles, pAlb F and S alleles for pAlb locus, and the gene frequncies of these were 0.440 and 0.560 for pAlb F and S alleles, respectively. On the genetic variants of the serum enzymes, ceruloplasmin(Cp) and amylase-I(Am-I) loci were found to be controlled by two alleles, Cp F and S for Cp locus, and Am-I B and C for Am-I locus, and gene frequencies of these were 0.319 and 0.681 for Cp F and S, and 0.871 and 0.120 for Am-I B and C, respectively. On the genetic variants of the hemoglobin(Hb), the distributions of genotypes were 76.5, 21.2 and 2.3% for Hb AA, AB and BB types, and the gene frequnecies for Hb A and B were 0.871 and 0.129, respectively. On the effects of genetic variants of blood proteins, Tf D_1D_1, D_2D_2 and D_2E genotypes were significantly higher on body weight at 6 month and average daily gain than that of other Tf genotypes.

돼지의 번식형질에 미치는 품종 및 환경의 효과

상병찬,강만석,박종대 ( B . C . Sang,M . S . Kang,G . D . Park ) 한국축산학회 1988 한국축산학회지 Vol.30 No.10

This study was conducted to determine the main effects of the breed, furrowing year, season and parity on gestation length, litter size and litter weight at birth, 21 days and 56 days in swine. The least square means were estimated on the basis of the data obtained from 1,551 litters of Landrace, Large Yorkshire, Hampshire and Duroc breeds raised at National Animal Breeding Institute from 1981 to 1985. The results are summarized as follows; 1 The breed mean of the gestation length was 115.28 days, and effects of breed. furrowing year, season and parity were nonsignificant. 2. The effects of breed, furrowing year, season and parity for litter size at birth were highly significant at 1% level, and Large Yorkshire breed was superior for litter size at birth than the other breeds. 3. The effects of breed, furrowing year, season and parity for litter size on suckling, 21 days and 56 days were highly significant at 1% level, and Landrace breed was superior for pig weight at birth, 21 days and 56 days than the other breeds. 4. The effects of breed, furrowing year, season and parity for pig weight on birth, 21 days and 56 clays were highly significant at 1% level, and Landrace breed was superior for pig weight at birth, 21 days and 56 days than the other breed. 5. The effects of breed, furrowing year, season and parity for litter weight on birth, 21 days and 56 days were highly significant at 1% level, and the litter size at birth, 21 days and 56 days were superior in Landrace, in spring and in 3rd parity.

유우의 임신기간 및 생시체중의 반복력과 이들 형질에 미치는 환경효과

상병찬,조윤연,김광종 ( B . C . Sang,Y . Y . Cho,K . K . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of year, calving season and parity on the gestation length and birth weight and the repeatability of these traits with the records of 1,954 from 522 Holstein cows at National Animal Breeding Institute from 1970 to 1981. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The average gestation length was 279.374±0.859 days, and year and calving season had significant effect (P$lt;0.01) on gestation length. Gestation length of cows calved in summer was shortest and that of cows calved in winter was longest. 2. The average birth weight was 40.602±0.277㎏, and year, calving season and parity has significant effect (P$lt;0.01). The birth weight of calves from heifers was lightest and that of calves from cows with 4th parity was heaviest. 3. The repeatability estimates for gestation length and birth weight were 0.775±0.021 and 0.168±0.017, respectively.

음식폐기물의 고형연료화를 위한 연소특성 연구

상병찬,이승정,이도연,엄태인 유기성자원학회 2022 유기물자원화 Vol.30 No.4

This study analyzed the physicochemical properties and combustion characteristics of dry food waste to evaluate the possibility of using food waste as a solid refuse fuel (SRF). The characteristics of dry food waste as a fuel were analyzed by comparing the difference in properties with SRF, and the combustion characteristics after conversion into fuel were identified. Ultimate analysis, proximate analysis, calorific value analysis, and TGA analysis were conducted using two types of food waste and two types of SRF, and the following results were obtained. The moisture content and ash content of dry food waste were 1.7~10.0 wt.% and 7.8~11.7 wt.%, respectively, which satisfied the quality standards for SRF. The low calorific value of dry food waste was 4,000 ~ 4,720 kcal/kg, which was higher than the quality standard of 3,500 kcal/kg for SRF. As a result of TGA analysis of dry food waste, the combustion reaction started at about 200 °C and the highest burning rate was at about 500 °C. After moisture evaporation between 100 and 200 °C, initial volatile matter, carbon and residual volatile matter were released and burned between 200 and 500 °C. Based on the high calorific value and low moisture and ash content of dry food waste, it is considered that it is possible to convert dry food waste into SRF through the application of efficient drying technology and strict quality standard inspection in the future. 본 연구는 유기성 폐기물 중 음식 폐기물의 고형연료제품으로서의 활용 가능성을 평가하기 위해 건조 음식폐기물의 물리화학적 성질 및 연소 특성을 분석하였다. 기존 고형연료와의 성상 차이를 비교함으로써 건조음식 폐기물의 연료로서의 특성을 분석 하였으며, 연료화 후 연소 특성을 파악하였다.음식 폐기물 시료 2종과 고형연료 제조설비로부터 생산된 고형연료 시료 2종을 이용하여 원소분석, 공업분석, 발열량분석, TGA 분석 실험을 진행 하였으며다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 건조 음식 폐기물의 수분함량과 회분함량은 각각 1.7~10.0 wt.%, 7.8~11.7 wt.%로 고형연료품질기준을 만족하였으며, 건조 음식 폐기물의 저위발열량은 4,000~4,720 kcal/kg으로 고형연료의 품질기준인 3,500 kcal/kg보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 건조 음식 폐기물의 TGA 분석 결과, 연소반응은 약 200℃에서 시작하여 약 500℃에서연소 속도가 가장 높았다. 100~200℃ 사이에서 수분 증발 후, 200~500℃ 사이에서 초기 휘발분, 탄소 및 잔류 휘발분의방출 및 연소가 이루어졌다. 건조 음식 폐기물의 높은 발열량 및 낮은 수분, 회분 함량을 바탕으로 향후 효율적 건조기술 적용 및 엄격한 품질 기준 검사를 통해 건조 음식 폐기물의 고형연료화가 가능한 것으로 판단된다.