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최하얀(Ha Yan Choi),배상우(Sang Woo Bea),양도업(Du Up Yang) 한국사회체육학회 2010 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.42
A number of factors have been examined to understand and explain motivations for participating in sports for the last few decades. This paper provides an overview of motivations for participating related studies in different sports activities including youth sports program, golf, snowboard etc……. The current study (n=391) sought to answer motivations for participating in skiing and snowboarding (similiarities and differences) using a survey derived for the MSC (Motivation of the Sport Consumer) inventory developed by Milne. For testing the validity of the inventory, exploratory factor analyses were performed and the seven factors were extracted. For investigating for statistical differences of motivations, commitment, and involvement levels between skiing and snowboarding participants, MANOVA was established. Data from the study indicated that statistical differences of motivation for participating in skiing and snowboarding were existed in Self-expression and Stress reduction by engaging in sports. The data also indicated that statistical differences were existed in motivations between two groups based on their commitment levels to their activities. This paper also provides some of implications offered by the results for the skiing resorts, future leisure activity, sports related, and tourism research. For instance, people engaging in marketing or promotion division of skiing resorts should develop a new marketing plans or strategies (seperate skiing and snowboarding slops and have schanzes for snowboarders installed etc……) to make both skiiers and snowboarders satisfy their wants and needs in terms of their motivations for participating.
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최하얀(Ha Yan Choi),배상우(Sang Woo Bea) 한국사회체육학회 2012 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.48
People can be motivated in numerous ways. Researchers state that motivation is "a process through which a person makes use of available resources, time, talent, and energy, and distributes them in a way they choose". This study presents an interpretive result that has been made in the investigation of the baseball participants` and spectators` motivations those affect participating and spectating at the baseball games. In addition to the investigation their motivations to participate and spectate at the baseball game, this study also examines the relationships among their motivations. Survey methodology was employed to distribute the questionnaire to 437 participants. Group A who only watched baseball games consisted of 211 spectators. Group B who both participated and watched baseball games consisted of 226 participants. The survey questionnaire for this study was translated from English to Korean versions by three experts who were bilingual in both languages. Data analyses for this study included a confirmatory factor analysis for testing the validity of the motivation items, a Cronbach`s α for evaluating the internal consistency of the motivation construct, a multiple regression analysis for investigating the relationships between motivations, commitment, and involvement, and a MANOVA for revealing motivation differences between baseball participants and spectators. Results indicate that there are important research findings in this study. First, with respect to the comparisons of differences between motivation constructs and game attendance levels, all five motivation constructs were defined as factors that positively influenced game attendance. Among five constructs, Stress Reduction accounted for the most significant amount of variance in attendance. Second, there are group differences between baseball spectators and participants in terms of their spectator and participant motivations. The research result indicates that all motivation constructs(Self Actualization, Stress Reduction, Aggression, and Affiliation) except for one construct(Skill Mastery) are statistically significant between groups. The research founds evidences of differences between baseball spectators and participants in terms of their motivations that affected their sport related behaviors. It is recommended that future research investigate motivations with more research participants as well as differences among different sports in terms of inspecting motivations affecting sport consumer behaviors.
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