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배병철,박호정 유럽헌법학회 2018 유럽헌법연구 Vol.0 No.26
우리 헌법은 영장제도를 “검사의 신청에 의하여”(제12조 3항, 제16조) 법관이 영장을 발부하도록 규정하고 있다. 헌법에 영장의 청구권자를 규정한 나라는 우리나라가 유일하며, 수사기관의 강제수사에 대한 법관이 사법적 통제라는 의미의 영장주의 본질에서 벗어난 제도로 지적되고 있다. 헌법상 검사의 영장청구권 규정은 검사의 특수한 지위(준사법기관, 공익의 대표자)와 국민의 헌법적 결단이라는 생각에 의해 정당화된다. 그러나 검사는 행정기관이기 때문에 독립적으로 직무를 수행하지 못하고, 법선언으로서의 종국적인 법적 판단을 하지도 못한다. 검사의 공익의 대표자적 지위도 ‘수사 및 소추기관으로서의 직무에 관한 것’일 뿐이다. 헌법상 영장청구권 검사독점제도를 국민의 헌법적 결단이라고 보기에는 근거가 너무 박약하다. 영장청구권을 검사에게 독점시키는 헌법규정은 검찰에게 권력이 집중되게 하는 핵심적인 법적 기제(mechanism)이다. 검사에게 독점적인 영장청구권을 부여하는 헌법조항을 폐지하지 않고서는 어떠한 검찰개혁도, 형사사법체제의 개혁도, 민주개혁도 한계를 가질 수밖에 없다. 국민이 검찰에게 위임한 검찰권은 남용되지 않고, 국민의 기본권 보장을 위해 행사되어야 하며, 국민이 통제할 수 있어야 한다. ‘수사기관의 강제처분은 법관에 의하여 사전에 심사를 받아야 한다’는 영장주의의 본질에 입각하여, 현행 헌법에서 ‘검사의 영장청구권 조항을 삭제’하는 것이 타당하다. Warrants clauses of the Constitution of Korea, article 12 section 3 and article 16, provide that a warrant issued by a judge upon the request of a prosecutor shall be presented in case of search or seizure. Prosecutor’s warrant request stipulation is unique comparing with other countries’ constitutional warrant provisions. Vindicators of the constitutional prosecutor’s warrant request system insist that prosecutor’s peculiar legal status such as a quasi-judicial agency and a representative of public good justify the prosecutor’s warrant request system and Korean people made constitutional decision on it. But prosecutors are not independent from administrative power, and are submissive to senior officers’ directions and orders. Prosecutors cannot declare final judgement to the case as judges. Prosecutors cannot be estimated as judicial agencies or quasi-judicial agencies. Prosecutors must be estimated as administrative agencies in nature. Prosecutors’ status of representative of public good is limited to the duty of investigation and indictment against crimes. Constitutional prosecutors’ warrant request system have little ground of people’s democratic decicion. The constitutional prosecutor’s warrant request system made it difficult for Korean people to control prosecutors’ power. The constitutional prosecutors’ warrant request system is the main mechanism to concentrate the political power to the prosecutors. If there be no abolition of the constitutional prosecutors warrant request system, there will be limits of prosecutors reform, criminal justice systems reform and democratic reform. Prosecutors’ power have to not be misused, be exercised for the peoples rights, be controlled by the people. The essence of the warrant principle is that the compulsory investigaton have to be controlled by the judge who is totally independent from executive branche and who have guarantee of status. The constitutional prosecutor’s warrant request system is unnecessary to the warrant principle and shouid be abolished from the constitution.
Effects of aminated carbon molecular sieves on breakthrough curve behavior in CO2/CH4 separation
배병철,이영석,조세호,유혜련,이광복,김기동 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.3
In this study, the breakthrough curve behaviors of aminated carbon molecular sieves (CMSs) were investigated for a CO2/CH4 mixed gas, and the selective separation of CO2 was demonstrated. Nitrogen functional groups were effectively introduced onto the surfaces of the a-CMSs, and they attached themselves to the pores of the CMSs as the ammonium hydroxide concentration was increased. Nitrogen functional groups on the surfaces of the aminated CMSs, such as –NH2 and –CN, played an important role in guiding CO2 into the micropores via the attractive forces felt by the electrons in the CO2 molecules.
B, C, N, F 원소 다중도핑된 TiO<sub>2</sub>의 가시광 광촉매 분해 반응
배병철,임지선,김종구,이영석,Bai, Byong Chol,Im, Ji Sun,Kim, Jong Gu,Lee, Young-Seak 한국공업화학회 2010 공업화학 Vol.21 No.1
In this study, boron, carbon, nitrogen and fluorine co-doped $TiO_{2}$ photocatalysts using tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEATFB) have been prepared by different heat treatment temperatures to decrease the band gap. To explore the visible light photocatalytic activity of the novel low‐zband gap $TiO_{2}$ photocatalyst, the removal of two dyes was investigated, namely, acridine orange and rhodamine B. XRD patterns demonstrate that the samples calcined at temperatures up to $800^{\circ}C$ clearly show anatase peaks. The XPS results show that all the doped samples contain N, C, B and F elements and the doped $TiO_{2}$ shows the shift in the band gap transition down to 2.98 eV as UV-DRS results. In these UV-Vis results, photocatalytic activity of the doped $TiO_{2}$ is 1.61 times better than undoped $TiO_{2}$. Specially, excellent photoactivity results were obtained in the case of samples treated at $700^{\circ}C$. 본 연구에서는 여러 가지 열처리 온도에서 다성분 도핑에 의한 광촉매의 밴드갭 저감 및 가시광 광분해 효과를 알아보고자 tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEATFB)로 B, C, N, F 등이 동시에 도핑된 $TiO_{2}$ 광촉매를 제조하였다. 도핑된 $TiO_{2}$ 광촉매가 가시광선영역에서 분해되는 정도를 확인하기 위해서 태양광에 조사하여 rhodamine B와 acridine orange로 염료분해 실험을 수행하였다. XRD 결과 $800^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 열처리된 $TiO_{2}$ 광촉매는 anatase 구조가 존재하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. XPS 분석을 통하여 광활성에 영향을 미치는 B, C, N, F의 결합구조를 확인하였고 UV-DRS 결과로부터 다성분 도핑된 $TiO_{2}$ 광촉매의 밴드 갭이 2.98 eV로 줄어든 것을 알 수 있었다. 다성분 도핑 $TiO_{2}$의 태양광 조사에 의한 UV-Vis 결과에서 acridine orange에 대한 광분해 효과가 도핑되지 않은 샘플에 비해 1.61배 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 다성분이 동시 도핑되고 $700^{\circ}C$에서 열처리된 샘플이 acridine orange과 rhodamine B 두 가지 염료 모두에서 가장 좋은 광분해 효과를 보여 주었다.
타이어 압력 모니터링 시스템의 호환성을 지원하는 프로토콜 고찰
배병철,서해문,이인수,남윤석,Bae, Byoung-Chul,Seo, Hae-Moon,Lee, In-Soo,Nam, Yoon-Seok 대한임베디드공학회 2011 대한임베디드공학회논문지 Vol.6 No.6
The Tire Pressure Monitoring System(TPMS) is often used recently. However, the standards and functions are very different. Even though the regulation requires all vehicles install the TPMS, there is no a standard of a Physical and Media access control protocol which provides compatibility with other systems. In this paper, we propose a MAC protocol based on the international standard and an energy efficient hybrid RF system platform. The MAC protocol provides compatibility of the TPMS with other systems and the RF system platform reduces energy consumption significantly.
Improved anti-oxidation properties of Lyocell fiber achieved by phosphorus compound
배병철,김은애,전영표,이철위,인세진,이영석,임지선 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.1
The anti-oxidation behavior of Lyocell fibers during flame-retardant treatment as a function of the effects of a phosphorus compound was explored. Di-ammonium-hydrogen phosphate (DAHP) was observed to reduce the thermal degradation rate of the Lyocell fibers and increase the char yield; DAHP also increased the limiting oxygen index via a first-order relationship with the char yield. The integral procedure decomposition temperature (IPDT) increased significantly, and the activation energy increased by a certain factor, indicating a slow degradation pathway involving dehydration, rearrangement, formation of carbonyl groups, evolution of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, and formation of a carbonaceous residue for the flame retardancy of Lyocell fibers.
Effects of SO2 gas adsorption properties of N2 plasma treaed activated carbon fiber
배병철,최종은,이철위,이영석,임지선 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0
The mechanisms of the SO2 gas adsorption properties of activated carbon fibers were studied based on surface treatment. The surfaces of the activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were modified by plasma treatment using N2 gas to enhance the adsorption of SO2 by the fibers based on the effects of the nitrogen functional groups introduced on the surface. Nitrogen functional groups were effectively introduced onto the surfaces of the ACFs based on the semi-introduction with SO2 molecules, and they attached themselves to the pores of the ACFs as the flow rate of N2 gas increased. The nitrogen functional groups, on the surfaces of the ACFs played an important role in guiding SO2 into the micropores via the attractive forces experienced by the electrons in the SO2 molecules.