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Ginsenoside Rg1 augments oxidative metabolism and anabolic response of skeletal muscle in mice
정현주,서현경,조아영,김혜빈,이상진,배규언,강종순 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.3
Background: The ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to exert various pharmacological activities withhealth benefits. Previously, we have reported that Rg1 promoted myogenic differentiation and myotubegrowth in C2C12 myoblasts. In this study, the in vivo effect of Rg1 on fiber-type composition andoxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle was examined. Methods: To examine the effect of Rg1 on skeletal muscle, 3-month-old mice were treated with Rg1 for5 weeks. To assess muscle strength, grip strength tests were performed, and the lower hind limb muscleswere harvested, followed by various detailed analysis, such as histological staining, immunoblotting,immunostaining, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition,to verify the in vivo data, primary myoblasts isolated from mice were treated with Rg1, and the Rg1 effecton myotube growth was examined by immunoblotting and immunostaining analysis. Results: Rg1 treatment increased the expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms characteristic for bothoxidative and glycolytic muscle fibers; increased myofiber sizes were accompanied by enhanced musclestrength. Rg1 treatment also enhanced oxidative muscle metabolismwith elevated oxidative phosphorylationproteins. Furthermore, Rg1-treated muscles exhibited increased levels of anabolic S6 kinase signaling. Conclusion: Rg1 improves muscle functionality via enhancing muscle gene expression and oxidativemuscle metabolism in mice.