준비운동 강도가 최대하 운동 중 에너지대사에 미치는 영향

임태홍 ( Lim Tae-hong ),방상식 ( Bang Sang-sik ) 한국체육대학교 체육과학연구소 2017 스포츠사이언스 Vol.35 No.1

This study aimed to analyze effects of the warm-up intensities on energy metabolism during submaximal exercise. Eight health male collegiate students participated this experiment. During submaximal exercise 40min at MFOEI, physiological and metabolic variables were compared between two warm-up exercise and exercise periods using 2×8 two-way repeated ANOVA. Also, paired t-test was used to analyze energy variables between two exercise(warm-up; 5min, rest; 3min, MFOEI; 40min). The results were as follow: First, in warm up periods, there were significant difference VO2, %fat, Fkcal/min, Tkcal/min between low and high warm-up intensities. Second, in submaximal exercise periods, there were significant difference of VO2, RER, %fat, Fkcal/min, Tkcal/min at low and high warm-up intensities Third, in warm up and submaximal exercise periods, there were significant difference VO2, Tkcal at low and high warm-up intensitie. but there were no significant difference RER, %fat, Fkcal/min at low and high warm-up intensitie.

BAE-ESCARGOT 복용이 운동능력에 미치는 효과

성기홍 ( Ki Hong Seong ),방상식 ( Sang Sik Bang ),정일규 ( Ill Gu Jung ),김양수 ( Yang Soo Kim ),김명화 ( Myung Wah Kim ),이덕분 ( Duck Boon Lee ) 대한스포츠의학회 1994 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

생리 : 주간의 슬관절 고정이 근력 및 혈청 효소 활성도에 미치는 영향

김양수,김성수,위승두,방상식,문원재,김창근 ( Yang Soo Kim,Sung Soo Kim,Seung Doo Wee,Sang Sik Bang,Won Jeh Mun,Chang Keun Kim ) 한국체육학회 1992 국제스포츠 학술대회 Vol.1992 No.-

유,무산소성 운동선수와 시신의 배곧은근 형태 분석

정락희 ( Rak Hee Chung ),방상식 ( Sang Sik Bang ),유승희 ( Seung Hee Yoo ) 한국스포츠과학원 2004 체육과학연구 Vol.15 No.4

This study was performed in order analyze the structural characteristics of the gross structure of rectus abdominis muscle (RAM) and epigastric artery distribution of athletes and Korean cadavers. The length of RAM was reached at one-fifth relative to the height in both groups. No difference between aerobic type athletes (distance runners) and cadavers in the length of RAM, whereas was shorter in anaerobic type athletes (gymnasts, weight lifters, sprinters) than that of cadavers. Among the athletic group, the length of RAM in aerobic type athletes of distance runners was longer than anaerobic type athletes, likely gymnasts, sprinters, and weight-lifters. The width of RAM in the cadavers was narrower than athletes, and the width of RAM in athletes demonstrated a sport event-specific structure, which was that the width of upper, middle and lower parts of RAM was broader in aerobic type athletes, weight-lifters, and gymnasts, respectively. The characteristics of the pyramidalis muscle (PM) in both sex observed as irregular structure and no sexual difference was found in the length of PM. Type and number of the tendinous intersection (TI) were observed as three intersections of typeⅠ, four intersections of typeⅡ and two intersections of typeⅢ, but only few cases was revealed typeⅢ. A large proportion of aerobic type athletes was belong to typeⅡ, whereas typeⅠ was prevalent. The structural characteristics of TI can be divided as complete and symmetric or remnant and asymmetric types. Complete and symmetric type was mainly occurred in the first and second rows from xiphoid process on TI in both groups, but a large portion of asymmetric type was shown in the fourth row of TI. In case of fourth row of TI, complete type was appeared in anaerobic type athletes, but inversely remnant type was observed in aerobic type athletes and cadavers. Further, complete and symmetric type was prevalent in female in occasion of cadavers. No difference in the size of epigastric artery between sexes, but the right deep inferior epigastric artery was bigger than the left one. Number of the hilum of superior epigastric artery was highest in typeⅠ (inside of RAM) and followed in typeⅡ (middle of RAM). The type Ⅳ (two mouths type) and typeⅢ (outside of RAM) were only shown in male and female cadavers. The length of deep inferior epigastric artery was four centimeters and longer in male than female, and the right side was longer than the left one in both sexes.

국군체육부대 배드민턴 선수의 경기력 향상을 위한 심리기술훈련 단일사례연구

임태홍 ( Lim Tae-hong ),방상식 ( Bang Sang-sik ) 한국체육대학교 체육과학연구소 2017 스포츠사이언스 Vol.35 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of psychological skill of training program to performance of Korea Armed Forces Athletic Corps a badminton player. The effectiveness of the psychological skills training was evaluated through the following methods: Positive Psychology Capital(PPC), Test of performance Strategies(TOPS) and Heart Rate Variability(HRV), tournament score analysis, in-depth interview. For 6 weeks consisting of pre-training stage, training stage, post-training stage. Psychological skills training program was categorized as relaxation training, self-talk, competition reflection, attentional focus training. The result of that psychological training had improved Positive Psychology Capital(PPC), Test of performance Strategies(TOPS) and Heart Rate Variability(HRV). In addition, according to analyses of the subject`s tournament scores during the study period.

2주간의 슬관절 고정이 근력 및 혈청 효소 활성도에 미치는 영향

김양수(Yang Soo Kim),노재금(Sung Soo Kim),김성수(Jae Kum No),위승두(Seung Doo Wee),방상식(Sang Sik Bang),문원재(Won Jeh Mun),김창근(Chang Keun Kim) 고려대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1992 스포츠문화과학연구 Vol.3 No.0

N/A N/A

생리 : 하지고정이 골격근에 미치는 영향

김창근(Chang Keun Kim),이선장(Seon Jang Lee),김완조(Jde Wan Kim),김문희(Mun Hee Kim),방상식(Sang Sik Bang),이승국(Song Kuk Lee) 한국체육학회 1992 국제스포츠 학술대회 Vol.1992 No.-

원적외선, 온열, 카이로프랙틱 복합 처치가 우수선수의 피로회복 및 운동능력에 미치는 영향

이종각 ( Jong Gak Lee ),고병구 ( Byoung Goo Ko ),김영수 ( Young Soo Kim ),이명천 ( Myung Chun Lee ),윤성원 ( Sung Won Youn ),정동식 ( Dong Sik Chung ),방대두 ( Dae Doo Bang ),방상식 ( Sang Sik Bang ),전만배 ( Man Bae Chun ) 한국스포츠과학원 2002 체육과학연구 Vol.13 No.2

To investigate the effect of CGM-M treatment including far infrared, chiropractic and sports massage on physiological variables of the elite athlete` recovery of fatigue and performance as well as to verify the availability of elite athlete` equipment use. To compare muscular strength, muscle power, anaerobic endurance, aerobic ability, lactate recovery rate, flexibility and whole blood components over time (baseline, 8-week & 16-week), 23 top athletes of wrestling (n=12) and judo (n=11) were assigned into two groups such as treatment (T; CGM-M treatment; n=12) group and control group (C; n=11). To find out significant differences between groups (T&C), time conditions (baseline, 8-week & 16-week) and interactions (2 groups×3 time conditions), a mixed factorial design was conducted and the results of this study were followed: 1. Among the whole blood component variables, RBC shape that was changed indicated the increase of activity. Although reticulocyte count(RBC), leukocyte count(WBC), hematocrit(Hct), hemoglobin concentration(Hb), mean corpuscular volume(MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC) and platelet(PLT) were not statistically significant. favorable changes were observed in the treatment group over time. 2. There were significant improvements in treatment group on both sit-and-reach test(6.16%) as well as trunk-and-neck extension test(12.21%). 3. Though lactate threshold, VO2peak and exercise duration as variables observed a aerobic ability were not significantly changed, VO2peak(2.88%) and exercise duration(5.91%) were showing a tendency to rise in treatment group, respectively. 4. Compared with control group, intermittent anaerobic endurance momentum(kpm) and duration tended to be improved in treatment group although they were not statistically significant in groups, time conditions and interaction effects. 5. The significant increase in lactate recovery rate(p<.05) at the 10 min occurred and there were a trend to rise recovery rate in treatment group at 15 min and 30min of recovery period, compared to control group. That means there was a favorable response to CGM-M treatment for lactate recovery rate. Based on the results and previous researches, flexibility, and ability of fatigue recovery were improved by using CGM-M including far infrared, chiropractic and massage. Consequently, we assumed that using CGM-M call improve athletic performance and expect better athletic performance.

단시간 및 장기간의 세라젬 처치가 우수선수의 중추 피로 및 대사 변인에 미치는 영향

이종각 ( Jong Gak Lee ),고병구 ( Byoung Gu Ko ),김영수 ( Young Soo Kim ),박동호 ( Dong Ho Park ),정동식 ( Dong Sik Chung ),방대두 ( Dae Doo Bang ),방상식 ( Sang Sik Bang ),전만배 ( Man Bae Chun ) 한국스포츠과학원 2003 체육과학연구 Vol.14 No.3

To investigate the effect of short-term and long-term`s CGM-M treatment including far infrared, chiropractic and sports massage on changes of central fatigue variables (5-HT, dopamin, FFA, Flicker) affecting elite athlete`s fatigue recovery and additional variables(Na+, K+, Ca ++, Pi, GH, IGF-I, Dpe, osteocalcin) as well as to verify the availability of elite athlete`s equipment use. To compare concentrations of 5-HT, dopamin, FFA and Flicker test over time (baseline, 10-week, 20-week) for verifying the long-term effect of central fatigue, 26 top athletes of wrestling (n=13) and judo (n=13) were randomly assigned into treatment group (T; CGM-M treatment, n=13) and control group (C; n=13). In addition, central fatigue and additional variables were observed over time (immediately after high intensity all-out exercise for 2hr, P-AO and immediately after acute CGM-Mtreatment for 40min, P-T) for verifying the short-term treatment effect. To find out significant differences between groups (T & C), time conditions (baseline, 10-week & 20-week) and interactions (2 groups × 3 time conditions) for long-term as well as between groups (T & C), time conditions (P-AO & P-T) and interactions (2 groups × 2 time conditions), a mixed factorial design was condected, respectively and the results of this study were followed: l. Among the central fatigue variables, Flicker test`s score of only T group was significantly reduced (p<.05) at the 20-week time point of long-term although there was no significantly difference on the interaction effect. 2. Similarly, Flicker test`s score of only T group was also significantly reduced (p<.05) at the P-T time point of short-term although there was no significantly difference on the interaction effect. 3. Although there was no significant difference on the concentration of dopamine after high intensity exhaustive exercise, favorable tendency in the T group compared to the C group was observed over time. 4. There was significant difference observed in treatment group on GH (p<.05) after high intensity exhaustive exercise although increased GH concentration immediately after the exercise was reduced into the similar level of C group at P-T time point. Based on the results and previous researches, central fatigue might be partly reduced by using CGM-M treatment of short-term and long-term. Consequently, we assumed that using CGM-M especially during high intensity training of short-term may prevent the overtraining from the accumulation of fatigue.

지구성 운동 수행에 따른 obese Zucker rat 골격근의 GLUT-4, v-와 t-SNARE 발현의 변화

김철현 ( Cheol Hyun Kim ),임예현 ( Yea Hyun Leem ),김문희 ( Moon Hee Kim ),조준용 ( Joon Yong Cho ),이규성 ( Kyu Sung Lee ),방상식 ( Sang Sik Bang ),장석암 ( Seok Am Jang ) 한국스포츠과학원 2003 체육과학연구 Vol.14 No.4

Insulin stimulation of skeletal muscle results in the translocation of GLUT4 from an intra cellular location to the plasma membrane; this translocation is defective in insulin resistance. Studies have suggested an important role for synaptobrevin and syntaxin homologues in this event, particularly the v-soluble N-ethylmaleimide attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) cellubrevin and vesicle-associated membrane protein-2 (V AMP-2) and the t-SNARE syntaxin-4, but the expression of these proteins has not been studied in insulin resistant tissues. Therefore, we examined SNARE protein content in skeletal muscle from obese Zucker rats and determined the effect of exercise on these proteins. GLUT4 levels in skeletal muscle from exercise were elevated compared with control group. V AMP-2, and syntaxin 4 protein levels were elevated in skeletal muscle from obese Zucker rats compared with controls. Restoration of normoglycemia and normo insulinemia in exercised obese Zucker rats improved V AMP-2, and syntaxin 4 protein to levels approaching normal in lean animals. These data show that elevated v- and t-SNARE protein levels are associated with insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and that these increase may be achieved by exercise concomitant with a restoration of glycemic control. In summary, we have demonstrated that v- and t- SNARE concentration as well as muscle GLUT4 protein and mRNA can increase significantly after prolonged exercise confirmed that this increase in GLUT4 protein is controlled at both the pre-translational and translational levels. The observation that improved glucose uptake suggests that the increased expression of GLUT4 protein expression can serve as a molecular yardstick for exercise-dependent glycogen deposition.