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박형철,박종,이윤지,문강,Park, Hyung-Cheol,Park, Jong,Lee, Youn-Ji,Moon, Gang 대한예방의학회 1991 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.24 No.3
This study was performed to identify the maternal risk factors for the low birth weight. During the period from February to June in 1991, the medical record review and questionnaire interview were conducted upon the 465 pregnant women who were admitted to and delivered a baby in 3 general hospitals and an obstetric hospital in Kwangju area. The health and other related information from women who bore the low birth weight infant was compared with those from women who bore the normal birth weight infant. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Maternal age, low body weight at term, illegitimate birth, and maintaining work activity during pregnancy were positively associated with low birth weight. 2. The positive association was revealed between low birth weight and the previous abortion, short gestational weeks, anemia, low maternal weight gain during pregnancy, the obstetric present illness and hypertension. 3. Some maternal working conditions were associated with low birth weight although statistically not significant. 4. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, gestational weeks and maternal weight gain during pregnancy were related with low birth weight.
해상 HF대역 디지털 데이터 교환을 위한 통신시스템 분석 및 제안
최성철,소지은,박형철,Choi, Sung-Cheol,So, Ji-Eun,Park, Hyung-Chul 한국정보통신학회 2017 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.21 No.12
IMO (International Maritime Organization) has been providing GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System) and mandating to install distress and safety systems according to SOLAS. Digital-HF(High-Frequency) coast station communication system maintains interoperability between ship and coast station and digital data exchange in maritime mobile service by digitizing existing analog base voice communication. In this paper, we analyze ITU-R M. 1798-1 established by ITU for digital HF communications and propose Advanced annex2 and new Annex 5 to improve the problems of the existing Annex 2 and Annex 4. The proposed OFDM protocol basically adopts ARQ (Automatic Retransmission Request) which retransmits when an error occurs in a half-duplex manner between an information transmitting side (ISS) and an information receiving side (IRS) and we propose a digital HF communication system and its operational concept which is more reliable and superior than the existing ITU-R M. 1798 by implementing technical development on implementation and performance improvement. 해상통신은 국제해사기구(International Maritime Organization, IMO)에서 세계 해상 조난 및 안전제도(Global Maritime Distress and Safety System, GMDSS)를 마련하고, SOLAS 규약에 따라 조난 및 안전 시스템을 탑재하도록 의무화하고 있다. Digital-HF(High-Frequency) 해안국 통신 시스템은 선박과 해안기지국 사이에 상호 운용성을 유지하며, 기존 아날로그 기반의 음성통신을 디지털화하여 해상이동업무에서 디지털 데이터 교환을 하기 위한 시스템이다. 본 논문은 디지털 HF통신을 위해 ITU에서 제정한 ITU-R M.1798-1을 분석하고, 기존 Annex 2와 Annex4의 문제점을 개선하여 Advanced annex2와 새로운 부속서인 Annex 5를 제안하고자 한다. 제안된 OFDM 프로토콜은 기본적으로 정보 송신측(ISS)과 정보 수신측(IRS)간의 반이중화 방식으로 에러발생시 재전송을 하는 ARQ(Automatic Retransmission Request)방식을 취하고 있으며, 이에 상응하는 구현 및 성능향상에 관한 기술적 개발을 하여 기존에 제시된 ITU-R M.1798-1보다 안정성과 우수성을 확보한 디지털 HF 통신시스템을 제안하고자 한다.
차동 직교 위상 편이 변조 방식의 직교주파수 분할다중 기반 단파 대역 통신 시스템
최성철,김정년,박형철,Choi, Sung-Cheol,Kim, Jeong-Nyun,Park, Hyung Chul 한국전기전자학회 2018 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.22 No.3
본 논문에서는 차동 직교 위상 편이 변조 방식 (DQPSK)의 직교주파수 분할다중 (OFDM) 기반의 단파 (HF) 대역 통신시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템은 약 3 kHz의 대역폭에서 약 3.6 kbps의 전송속도를 지원한다. 디지털 변복조부는 32-point 고속 푸리에 변환 프로세스를 이용한다. 한편, 각각의 부반송파 데이터가 DQPSK 변조를 이용한다. 그래서, 복조기는 반송파 위상 복구 회로와 심볼 타이밍 복구 회로를 필요로 하지 않는 장점이 있다. 또한, 각 부반송파는 개별적으로 CRC 오류 검출 코드를 사용함으로서, 다중경로 페이딩에 의한 비트 오류를 간단히 해결할 수 있다. This paper presents a novel HF band differential quadrature phase-shift keying (DQPSK) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system. The system can deliver 3.6 kbps with a bandwidth of about 3 kHz. In a digital modem, OFDM with 32-point fast Fourier transform is used. In the system, each subcarrier uses DQPSK modulation. Hence, a demodulator does not require carrier phase recovery and symbol timing recovery. And, each subcarrier employs CRC error check code individually. By using CRC code for each subcarrier, bit error caused by multipath fading can be recovered simply.
일부 지역 의사들의 흡연실태와 금연지도활동에 대한 조사연구
김기순,강명근,박형철,김진선,류소연,Kim, Ki-Soon,Kang, Myung-Gun,Park, Hyung-Cheol,Kim, Jin Sun,Ryu, So-Yeon 대한예방의학회 2003 예방의학회지 Vol.36 No.3
Objectives : The purposes of this study were to assess the smoking status, knowledge and attitude related to smoking and smoking cessation activity of the physicians in a community, and to identify their predictors of smoking cessation activity. Method : All physicians employed by various health facilities in a community were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Of the physicians surveyed,523 (69.6%) returned completed questionnaires. Results : The smoking rate of physicians was 29.3% (34.2% in males, 3.6% in females) and the knowledge and attitude scores to smoking were $22.5{\pm}2.4\;and\;65.4{\pm}0.9$, respectively. The self-efficacy score was $3.4{\pm}1.0$ and the smoking cessation activity score was $65.4{\pm}6.9$. The smoking cessation activity was statistically significant with working place, specialty, knowledge and attitude to smoking and self-efficacy. In stepwise multiple regression, smoking cessation activity was predicted by doctors' working place, specialty, attitudes related to smoking issues, and self-efficacy of counseling knowledge and stills. Conclusion : Physicians need to participate routinely and actively in smoking cessation activity. For doctors to effectively counsel and intervene in patients regarding smoking cessation, it is essential to integrate education un smoking cessation intervention into curricula in formal education and to offer continuing education including smoking cessation intervention.
광주, 전남지역에서의 업종별 악성종양 발생에 관한 연구 - 1종 의료보험 자료를 중심으로 -
김용식,오원문,박형철,최진수,송인현,Kim, Yong-Sik,Oh, Won-Moon,Park, Hyung-Cheol,Choi, Jin-Su,Song, In-Hyun 대한예방의학회 1990 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.23 No.2
In order to investigate the occurrence characteristics of cancer in terms of industry in Kwangju-Chonnam area, medical utilization records of industrial medical insurance corporations during the period of 1987 to 1988 were reviewed for the identification of neoplastic disease. The cases obtained from the medical records were followed up for the verification and to get additional information. Standardized incidence data were compared by occupational characteristics. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the difference of incidence or distribution of cancer as a whole or of some selected cancer. Total cases of cancer identified were 242 during the study period. Annual incidence rate was calculated as 123.1 per 100,000 person. The frequent types of cancer were cancers of stomach, liver, lung, colon and rectum, bladder and lymphoma in descending order. Employees of mine and other sand handling industries showed significantly higher risks for cancer of stomach and cancer as a whole. Employees of the transportation industry showed the higher risk for cancer of liver, Workers in small-sized industry (${\leqq}100$) had a higher risk for cancer than who in large-sized industry (<100). These findings suggested the effect of occupational environmental exposure to cancer development.
기존 철근콘크리트 아파트의 탄산화 속도에 관한 현장평가
이명호(Lee, Myung-Ho),박형철(Park, Hyung-Cheol),오보환(Oh, Bohwan) 한국구조물진단유지관리학회 2009 한국구조물진단학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2009 No.1
In this paper, field evaluations on carbonation rates of existing reinforced concrete apartments, which were composed of 5 apartments, were investigated. Test results were compared with existing formula for carbonation rates. Relationships between test results and prediction formula were low, but we concluded that modified AIJ (Architeural Institute of Japan) formula using shirayama constant was suited to predict carbonation tendency of concrete.
기존 철근콘크리트 아파트의 탄산화 속도에 관한 현장평가
이명호 ( Lee Myung-ho ),박형철 ( Park Hyung-cheol ),오보환 ( Oh Bohwan ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2009 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.13 No.1
In this paper, field evaluations on carbonation rates of existing reinforced concrete apartments, which were composed of 5 apartments, were investigated. Test results were compared with existing formula for carbonation rates. Relationships between test results and prediction formula were low, but we concluded that modified AIJ (Architeural Institute of Japan) formula using shirayama constant was suited to predict carbonation tendency of concrete.