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요소-멜라민 공축합 수지의 요소와 멜라민 혼합비율이 합판의 포름알데히드 방출과 접착성에 미치는 영향
박헌,강은창,민경희,Park, Heon,Kang, Eun-Chang,Min, Kyeong-Heui 한국가구학회 2000 한국가구학회지 Vol.11 No.1
This study was to measure formaldehyde emission and bonding strength of plywoods manufactured with urea-melamine formaldehyde adhesives, which were made from three different mixing ratios of urea and melamine, and with four different formaldehyde/urea-melamine molar ratios of 1.0,1.1,1.2 and 1.4. The results were as follows 1. Amount of formaldehyde emission was the lowest at the first method of molar ratio(F/(M+U)) 1.0. Amounts of formaldehyde emission of experimental manufactured adhesives were lower than that of commercial adhesive. 2. Bonding strength of dry specimen was the highest at the first method of molar ratio(F/(M+U)) 1.4. Dry bonding strength of molar ratio(F/(M+U)) 1.4 was similar to commercial adhesive. 3. Bonding strength of wet specimen was the highest at the second method of molar ratio(F/(M+U)) 1.4. Bonding strength of wet specimen used by the third method of molar ratio(F/(M+U)) 1.4 was almost equal to commercial adhesive.
박헌이(Hun Yi Park),김성헌(Sung Huhn Kim),이종대(Jong Dae Lee),손은진(Eun Jin Son),이호기(Ho-Ki Lee),이원상(Won-Sang Lee) 대한두개저학회 2006 대한두개저학회지 Vol.1 No.1
This study was performed to investigate the capability of preoperative evaluations in predicting the precise anatomic origin of intracanalicular tumors. We conducted a retrospective case review of 11 patients (8 male, 3 female; 26-70 yr of age) with intracanalicular tumors that were treated surgically. Data included preoperative pure tone audiogram, auditory brainstem response, caloric test, electroneurographies and temporal MRIs. Postoperatively, facial nerve schwannomas were diagnosed pathologically in two of 11 patients (18%). There were no clues suggesting facial nerve schwannoma in preoperative evaluations: A facial nerve schwannoma may be misdiagnosed as a vestibular schwannoma, especially when the tumor is confined to the internal auditory canal. There are no useful preoperative evaluation tools to predict precisely the origins of intracanalicular tumors. These emphasize the need to fully inform the patient preoperatively.
Pleurotus ostreatus균 전처리에 의한 볏짚의 상압 바이오 소다펄프화
박헌도 ( Heon Do Park ),강진하 ( Jin Ha Kang ) 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2010 농업생명과학연구 Vol.41 No.2
This study was performed to develop the biochemical pulping method to save the energy and decrease the capital cost in soda pulping. Rice straw was pretreated by Pleurotus ostreatus with either, glucose(G), nitrogen(N) and G+N for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days incubation respectively because of its selective delignification capacity. The total yield of untreated rice straw pulp was 53.5%. In the case of fungal pretreatment, the total yields of pulps showed the ranges of 48.3~28.4%. Consequently, according to the extending of incubation periods, the total yields of pulps were gradually decreased. The Kappa number of pulp made from untreated rice straw was 22.8. In the case of fungal pretreatment, the Kappa numbers were ranges of 26.6~17.4. In case of control and G, the Kappa number were increased until 15 days and in case of N and G+N, also were increased until 20 days. Thereafter, the Kappa number were decreased. In addition, the brightness of pulp made from untreated rice straw was 34.2. In the case of the fungal pretreatment, the brightness of rice straw pulps showed ranges of 28.2~34.9. The brightness were decreased until 15 days, thereafter were increased. The physical properties of soda pulp made from rice straw without fungal treatment, the density, breaking length, burst index, tear index and folding endurance were 0.48g/cm3, 4.82km, 3.37kPa · m2/g, 19.1mN · m2/g and 110 times, respectively. On the other hand, in case of fungal pretreatment, the physical properties of pulps made from rice straw were as follows. The density was 0.50~0.58g/cm3, the breaking length was 4.46~7.18km, burst index was 2.95~5.30kPa·m2/g, tear index was 8.5~18.9mN·m2/g and folding endurance was 8~328 times according to the conditions of nutrients and incubation periods. As a result, if the rice straw would be pretreated with fungi, it is possible to use the condition of atmospheric pressure in soda pulping of rice straw for low grade papers. Accordingly, we can reduce the capital cost and energy consumption in pulp mills where are using the non-wood plants such as rice straw as raw materials.