공원범죄의 피해방지를 위한 합리적인 방안

박찬걸(Park, Chan-Keol) 한국피해자학회 2012 被害者學硏究 Vol.20 No.2

Before constructing parks, it's necessary to formulate plans in the direction of preventing crimes in advance, and follow-up management must be done after constructing the parks completely. If citizens are reluctant to use the parks because public safety is not guaranteed, the reason for being disappears. If the parks do not protect citizens from crimes, it would rather not exist than do harm to them. Rather, it is good policy. In this respect, the current system must be improved, which has no manual for crime prevention being confined to policy of increasing the number of parks. Through the government's expressing its firm will to secure public safety of parks by enacting clear provisions so that the original good will is not distorted to make resting places for citizens, a recognition that illegal acts which make others anxious are punished necessarily must be instilled into park users while taking a sound rest is protected thoroughly. In addition, the police should do the patrols actively in order to prevent crimes in the parks and try to increase street lamps and security CCTV installation in collaboration with the agencies concerned including gu offices. However, it can be said the most important thing to prevent damage of the crimes in the parks is the very civic consciousness. We should keep it in mind that along with continuous efforts by the police and public organizations, a sense of ownership that 'I am the owner of the park' and mature civic consciousness to ‘care for the park like my house’ will make the parks safe without crimes.

공법 : 특정 성범죄자의 신상정보 활용제도의 문제점과 개선방안 -성범죄자 등록,고지,공개제도를 중심으로-

박찬걸 ( Chan Keol Park ) 한양대학교 법학연구소 2010 법학논총 Vol.27 No.4

Juvenile sex protection law recently amended releases through the Internet detailed information of sexual offenders(name, age, physical characteristics, photo, address) unlike the past releasing method. The Court determined to disclose of personal information on the sexual criminals for youth and notify their identities such as name, birth date, occupation, address(city, county and district) and crimes that have committed on the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family`s homepage. The National Assembly passed revised law related to prevention of sex offence against juvenile; revised law to strengthen the registration of sex offenders, to introduce the notification of sex offenders etc. But the present sanction to the sex offender is not enough to prevent the offence. So nationwide notification method must be amended in order not to violate the privacy of offenders and their family and we should devise a better system for the protection of human rights. Finally In order to prevent sexual exploitations and violences against juveniles, what is needed for diminishing sex offences is not to make new sort of treatment or sentence heavier punishment but to supplement the current system by making the analysis process more efficient.

고위공직자범죄수사처의 독립성 및 정치적 중립성 확보방안에 대한 검토

박찬걸(Park Chan-Geol) 한국형사정책학회 2020 刑事政策 Vol.32 No.1

「고위공직자범죄수사처 설치 및 운영에 관한 법률」이 2020. 7. 15.부터 시행될 예정이다. 고위공직자범죄수사처 설치의 주된 목적이 과거에는 고위공직자의 부정부패를 척결하기 위한 것이었다면 2020년 현재의 상황에서는 강력한 검찰개혁의 일환으로 추진되었다는 점에서 큰 차이가 있다. 그 동안 수많은 검찰개혁의 방안이 제시되어 실제로 시행되었음에도 불구하고, 검찰개혁이 완수되기는커녕 오히려 갈수록 그 필요성이 더욱 대두되는 형국에 이르렀다. 특히 야심차게 도입된 특별검사제도는 그 한시적 기능과 대상의 한정성 등 여러 가지 원인으로 말미암아 실패에 실패를 거듭하였고, 이는 보다 폭넓은 고위공직자범죄를 대상으로 상시적으로 수사를 할 수 있는 독립된 수사기관의 창설에 이르는 결과를 초래하였다. 그러므로 현재의 상황에서 고위공직자범죄수사처 설치 여부에 대한 찬반 견해의 대립은 더 이상 소모적인 논쟁으로 치부될 것이므로, 향후 고위공직자범죄수사처의 합리적인 운영방안에 대한 논의로 초점이 맞추어질 것이 분명하다. 그렇다면 여기서 말하는 수사처의 ‘합리적인 운영방안’이란 과연 구체적으로 무엇을 말하는가? 그리고 수사처의 합리적인 운영을 위하여 인적․물적 조직의 구성과 체계 전반을 관통해야 하는 이념은 무엇인가? 이러한 물음의 해답으로서 본고는 수사처 운영의 필수적인 전제를 직무독립성과 정치적 중립성에서 찾고자 한다. 이에 따라 본고에서는 국회를 통과한 수사처법의 구체적인 내용을 크게 ‘조직의 구성’부분과 ‘직무’부분으로 나누어 독립성 및 정치적 중립성이라는 두 가지 관점에 입각하여 검토함으로써 현재의 수사처가 과연 설립취지에 어느 정도 부합하는지 여부를 판단해 봄과 동시에, 향후 운영과정에서 이에 보다 부합할 수 있는 세부적인 개선방안을 제시해 보고자 한다. The ｢Act on Establishment and Operation of High-Ranking Officials’ Corruption Investigation Agency｣ will take effect from July 15, 2020. In the present situation of 2020, there is a huge difference in the way that the main purpose of establishment of a High-Ranking Officials’ Corruption Investigation Agency was to fight against illegalities and corruption of high-ranking officials in the past, but it is now pushed ahead as part of strong reform of the prosecutors. Despite a number of plans for reform of the prosecutors had been suggested and actually enforced so far, reform of the prosecutors had not even come to close to accomplishment, and the necessity has come to the fore even more. Especially, the independent special prosecutor system which was adopted ambitiously repeated failure for various reasons such as temporary function, limitations on the subject etc., which led to the result of establishing an independent investigative agency capable of investigating a wide range of crimes by high-ranking officials on a permanent basis. For the reasons, conflict of pros and cons about establishment of High-Ranking Officials’ Corruption Investigation Agency will be considered wasteful dispute in the present situation, so it is clear that the discussion will be focused on reasonable operating plan of the agency in the future. Then, what does ‘reasonable operating plan’ for investigative agency here stand for concretely? And is it possible to bring in the ideology of constituting human resources and materials of investigative agency and penetrating the overall system for rational operation of investigative agency? As an answer to the question, this manuscript intends to find essential premise for the operation of investigative agency in the independence of duty and political neutrality. From now on, this manuscript will make a judgment how much the present investigative agency accord with the purpose of its establishment and suggest a detailed improvement plan for the process of future operation to make it more suitable to its objectives by dividing details of the Act on Establishment and Operation of High-Ranking Officials’ Corruption Investigation Agency that passed through Parliament largely into organization and duty of the agency from the two perspectives of independence of duty and political neutrality.

군 영창제도의 문제점과 개선방안

박찬걸 ( Park Chan-keol ) 홍익대학교 법학연구소 2017 홍익법학 Vol.18 No.1

1962. 1. 20. 「군인사법」(법률 제1006호) 제정 당시부터 규정되고 있었던 영창처분에 대하여 군대 내 인권개선이라는 측면에서 여러 가지의 문제점이 지적되어 왔고, 이에 대한 보완작업이 이루어지고 있다. 우선 2006. 4. 28. 「군인사법」개정을 통하여 포괄적으로 정하고 있는 군인의 징계사유의 구체화, 영창처분의 남용 방지를 위하여 영창처분의 보충성 강화, 영창처분의 적법성을 심사하기 위한 인권담당 군법무관 제도 도입, 징계입창자의 친족 등에 대한 영창처분 고지제도 도입, 영창처분에 대한 항고시 집행정지의 효력 부여 등의 보완을 하였다. 그리고 「군인사법」제56조부터 제61조까지의 규정에 따라 군인의 징계에 필요한 사항을 규정하는 것을 목적으로 2007. 8. 22. 「군인징계령」을 제정하여 시행하고 있으며, 2007. 11. 22. 제정된 「군인징계령 시행규칙」제2조 제1호 나목에서는 병사에 대한 징계 양정의 세부기준을 별표에서 구체적으로 규정하고 있다. 또한 징계입창자에 대한 처우 기준 및 절차를 규정함으로써 영창집행 과정에서의 적법성을 보장하고, 징계입창자의 인권을 보장하기 위하여 「징계입창자 영창집행 및 처우 기준에 관한 훈령」을 2011. 2. 14. 제정하여 시행하고 있다. 하지만 이와 같은 개선과 노력에도 불구하고 영창처분의 문제점에 대한 지적은 지속적으로 제기되고 있으며, 근본적인 쟁점에 대한 변화는 별 차이가 없는 것으로 파악된다. 예를 들면, 법관의 영장 없이 실질적인 구금처우를 한다는 점에서 헌법상 보장된 영장주의의 위배, 영창기간이 군 복무기간에 산입되지 않는다는 점에서 이중처벌금지 원칙의 위배, 영창의 설치가 법률에 근거를 두고 있지 않다는 점에서 법률유보 원칙의 위배, 징계입창자를 미결수용자뿐만 아니라 기결수와 동일한 공간에 구금하면서 상대적으로 열악한 처우를 한다는 점에서 비례의 원칙의 위배, 영창처분의 부과 주체를 일선 중대장까지로 폭넓게 규정하고 있다는 점에서 과잉금지의 원칙의 위배 등을 들 수 있다. 이러한 논의상황을 배경으로 이하의 본고에서는, 군 영창처분의 현황 및 절차를 중심으로 현 실태를 분석해 보고, 이를 바탕으로 영장주의의 위배, 적법절차의 원칙의 위배, 과잉금지의 원칙의 위배 등을 중심으로 한 문제점을 분석한 후, 영창처분의 전격적인 폐지 및 징계처분의 다양화 방안을 제시하며, 논의를 마무리하기로 한다. With respect to the guardhouse disposition which has been regulated from the time of enactment of the 「Military Personnel Management Act」(No. 1006 of the Law) on January 20, 1962, many problems have been pointed out in terms of improvement of human rights in the armed forces and supplementation work for the aforementioned is being made. First of all, through the revision of the 「Military Personnel Management Act」on April 28, 2006, specification of causes for disciplinary action on servicepersons that were comprehensively regulated, enhancement of guardhouse disposition for prevention of abuse of guardhouse disposition, introduction of military judicial officer system in charge of human rights for examining legality of guardhouse disposition의 legality, introduction of notice system for guardhouse disposition for relatives of prisoners and granting force for suspension of execution at the time of appealing against guardhouse disposition have been supplemented. And for the purpose of regulating matters necessary for disciplinary action on servicepersons in accordance with regulations from Article 56 through 61 of the「Military Personnel Management Act」, the 「Ordinance on the Disciplinary Action against Servicepersons」has been enacted and enforced from August 22, 2007, and Namok of Item 1 of Article 2 of the 「Enforcement Regulations of the Ordinance on the Disciplinary Action against Servicepersons」which was enacted on November 22, 2007 is concretely regulating detailed standards for weighing of disciplinary action against soldiers in its annex. And the 「Instructions on the Standards for Guardhouse Execution and Treatment of Prisoners in Guardhouse」has also been enacted and executed from February 14, 2011 to guarantee legality of guardhouse disposition and human rights of prisoners in the execution process of guardhouse by regulating standards and procedure of treatment for prisoners. Notwithstanding such improvement and efforts, however, problems of guardhouse disposition have continued to be raised and examples include violation of warrant requirement which is guaranteed in the Constitution in the terms of detaining without a warrant from a judge, violation of the principle of prohibition on cumulative penalties in the way that the period of detention in a guardhouse is not included in the term of military service, violation of the principle of statutory reservation in the way that installation of guardhouse is not based on the law and violation of the principle of proportionality in terms of detaining prisoners in a same place with convicts as well as pretrial detainees providing inferior treatment. Based on such a discussible situation, this manuscript analyzes the reality focusing on the present conditions and procedures of military guardhouse disposition, and aims to analyze problems focusing on the violation of warrant requirement, violation of due process and violation of equality based on the foregoing, and will finish discussion proposing lightning abolition of guardhouse disposition and suggesting a plan for diversification of disciplinary actions.

존속대상범죄의 가중처벌규정 폐지에 관한 연구

박찬걸(Park Chan-Keol) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2010 형사정책연구 Vol.82 No.-

교원에 의한 체벌행위의 정당성과 그 허용범위

박찬걸(Park Chan-Keol) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2011 형사정책연구 Vol.85 No.-

통신사실확인자료 제공제도의 현황 및 개선방안

박찬걸(Park, Chankeol) 대검찰청 2014 형사법의 신동향 Vol.0 No.44

헌법 제18조에 의하면 모든 국민은 통신의 비밀을 침해받지 아니한다고 규정하고 있으므로 통신의 비밀은 철저히 보호되어야 하는 것이 원칙이고, 그 침해는 필요최소한도에 그쳐야 하며 적법절차에 따라 정당하게 행사되어야 한다. 이에 따라 범죄의 수사나 국가의 안보를 위하여 수사기관이 전기통신사업자에게 통신사실확인자료의 열람이나 제공을 요청하는 경우 그 남용의 우려가 커지고 있음을 감안할 때 엄격한 절차를 마련하여 국민의 기본권이 충실하게 보장되어야 한다는 강력한 요구에 부응할 수 있도록 통신사실확인자료의 열람이나 제공의 요청을 통신제한조치에 버금갈 정도로 제한할 필요성이 대두되었다. 통신사실확인자료 제공제도는 통신자료 제공제도와 비교할 때 상대적으로 기본권의 침해가 심각하다고 평가할 수 있기 때문에 통신제한조치와 마찬가지로 법원의 통제를 통하여 동 제도가 운영되고 있으며, 통신제한조치와 관련된 다수의 규정을 준용하도록 하고 있다. 또한 미래창조과학부의 보도자료에 의하면 2012년 기준 통신제한 조치의 협조건수가 447건임에 비하여, 통신사실확인자료 제공의 협조건수는 239,308건으로써 제도의 운영에 있어서 비교가 안 될 만큼의 절대적인 수치를 보이고 있다. 이와 같이 통신사실확인자료 제공제도 운영의 현재 상황에 비추어 볼 때 이에 대한 세부적인 내용 및 정책적인 개선방안에 대한 논의의 필요성은 더 이상 간과할 수 없는 점이라는 시각에 기초하여, 본고에서는 먼저 통신사실확인자료 제공의 절차 및 기관별, 문서건수 대비 전화번호(또는 ID)건수를 중심으로 한 통신사실확인자료 제공의 현황을 살펴본 후, 통신사실확인자료에 위치정보를 추가할 것인지의 여부, 통신사실확인자료 제공사실 통지절차의 개선방안, 통신사실확인자료 제공 요청의 방식, 통신사실확인자료 중 착신통화내역에 대한 제공 등의 논점을 중심으로 문제점과 개선방안을 제기하면서, 논의를 마무리하기로 한다. A number of legislative measures are taking place to assure basic human rights including freedom of communication secret and privacy as guaranteed in the constitution. Typical among them in connection with data of communication secret are communication restriction measure, provision system of data to prove communication facts under Protection of Communications Secret Act and provision system of communication data under Telecommunications Business Act. Despite the country's rapid development and shift of communication environment, there has been neglected management of individual privacy or personal information, resulting in people's ever-increased concern with self-determination right of personal information. Compared with provision system of communication data, provision system of data to prove communication facts can be assessed as seriously infringing on basic human rights and as a result, it has been operated through control of courts like the case of communication restriction measures and urged to follow a number of regulations related with those restriction measures. According to press release of the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning, as of 2012, there were 239,308 cases of cooperating with provision of data to prove communication facts, while there were only 447 cases of cooperating with communication restriction measures, illustrating incomparable gap between them from the perspective of system operation. Given the present operating state of provision system of data to prove communication facts as such, it is high time for us to discuss its detailed contents and improvement measures in terms of policies. Building on this view, this study first examines the present state of provision of data to prove communication facts including procedure of provision of data to prove communication facts, number of telephone (or ID) compared with that of document by the organization. Then, as conclusion, the study suggests issues and improvement measures, focused on whether location information to be included in data to prove communication facts; improvement measures of notice procedure of provision of data to prove communication facts; methods to request provision of data to prove communication facts; provision of received communication details out of data to prove communication facts.

불량식품범죄에 대한 효과적인 대응방안

박찬걸(Park, Chan-Keol) 한국형사법무정책연구원 2013 형사정책연구 Vol.94 No.-

청소년비행예방센터의 효율적인 운영방안 - 관련 법령의 정비방안을 중심으로 -

박찬걸 ( Park Chan-keol ) 한국소년정책학회 2012 少年保護硏究 Vol.19 No.-

It is most desirable to have comprehensive stipulations related to the task, jurisdiction and organization in the Law for the Treatment of Protected Juvenile like other juvenile protection agencies and define more concrete matters in the lower enforcement regulation in detail. The reason is that, if the upper law would have excessively detail stipulation, it can cause unreasonable consequence such as difficulty in new project execution or the law would be limited to the stipulated project only. Especially, matters like operation of various programs that other juvenile protection agencies do not enforce such as Daily Experience or Family Solution Camp should have their legal base in the lower enforcement regulation. At the same time, the Juvenile Law should also have stipulations on Juvenile Misdemeanors Prevention Center in parallel with Youth Detention Center and Juvenile Protection Education Institution. In consideration of above, it is believed that the representative stipulations in the Law for the Treatment of Protected Juvenile would be added or revised as following.

북한 형법의 변천과정 및 특징

박찬걸 ( Park Chan-keol ) 대구가톨릭대학교 사회과학연구소 2016 사회과학논총 Vol.15 No.-

Criminal law in North Korea is based on the nature of social strata and it has a nature of political law by prioritizing its function to the protection of political system rather than the benefit and protection of the law. Also, the criminal law in North Korea can be regarded that it reflects the ideologic characteristics by means of strong measure to protect the system of North Korea as it reveals the policy of the Labor Party which is the realization of Kim, Ilsung`s teach and Juche ideology only. Therefore, the criminal law in South Korea can be evaluated to focus on the protection of individual right rather than public order if we compare with the criminal law in North Korea as theirs are focusing on the value of the group and maintenance of order. Partial amendment of legislative bill of criminal law submitted to the 19th National Assembly of South Korea can be compared to the recent tendency of criminal law in North Korea. Though we may applause the effort of National Assembly of South Korea, acceptance of opinions from various fields will be required to establish better criminal law system. In the meantime, excessive criminalization and punishment that is conducted as the countermeasures of crimes should be refrained. It is required to promote the policy while considering the propositions that certainty and fast action of punishment is much effective than the forceful punishment or forceful criminal policy to prevent the crimes. The reason for this is because it is the self-evident historic truth that the effectiveness will be reduced and the value as the norm will be dimmed if the criminal law is degenerated to the symbolic method.