닭의 동결정액제조에 있어서 희석액과 동해방지제가 정자의 생존성과 수정율에 미치는 영향

박영식,임경순,이용빈 ( Y . S . Park,K . S . Im,Y . B . Lee ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of diluents (BPSE, Lake`s solution and EYG solution) and cryoprotectants (glycerol, DMSO, PG and DMA) on sperm viability and fertility in fowl frozen semen. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The semen frozen in Lake`s solution with 7% glycerol showed highest sperm viability (61.1%) and there was significant (p$lt;0.05) difference among BPSE, Lake and EYG extenders and among glycerol, DMSO, PG and DMA cryoprotectants. 2. The semen frozen in BPSE diluent with 10% DMA showed highest fertility (36.1%).

미디안 필터링을 이용한 혜성의 이미지 처리기법

박영식,이충옥,진호,박장현,한원용,Park, Y.S.,Lee, C.U.,Jin, H.,Park, J.H.,Han, W.Y. 한국천문학회 2007 天文學論叢 Vol.22 No.4

The detection and measurement of faint features in cometary image is generally troublesome due to the high value of the ratio of the brightness of the nucleus to the tail, the large size and low surface brightness of the coma and tail and the disturbing presence of field stars trails. The image processing is based on background removal by median filtering. Sample results are shown for the case study of comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3.

강릉지역에서 봄철 강풍에 의한 포도과원의 피해발생 및 방풍망 효과

박영식 ( Y. S. Park ),엄남용 ( N. Y. Um ),김승희 ( S. H. Kim ),방순배 ( S. B. Bang ),안수용 ( S. Y. An ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2014 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.26 No.1

본 연구는 2009년 5월 18일 강풍발생(최대순간품종21.6 m/s)에 따른 포도과원의 피해 발생정도와 방풍망 설치 효과를 조사하고 자 수행하였고, 특히 강릉지역에서 봄철 강풍발생현황을 분석하기 위해서 강릉지역의 지난 30년간(1979-2009) 풍속 자료를 분석 하였다. 강릉지역의 30년(1979년-2009년)까지 강릉지역 봄철(3월-5월)의 일 최대순간풍속의 시계열분석결과 최대순간 풍속이 25 m/s를 초과하는 매우 강한 바람은 3월에는 3번, 4월에는 8번, 5월에는 8번이 발생하였고, 풍향은 서풍 계열로 총 2,850일 중 2,018일로 70.8%로 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 봄철 강풍에 의해서 포도 엽 피해율은 무방풍망 과원은 100%이었고, 방풍망 설치 과원은 20.7%이었다. 수확기 10a당 생산량은 무방풍망 과원이 1,451 kg에 비해 방풍망 과원의 1,864kg이었다. 또한 과실특성은 무방풍망 과원에서 294.7g, 당도 14.7°Bx, 산도 0.8%에 비해 방풍망 과원은 과방중 378.3g, 당도 15.0°Bx, 산도 0.4%이었다. 따라서 강릉지역의 포도 과원에 방풍망 설치시 봄철 강풍에 따른 엽피해 및 생산성 등의 피해를 크게 경감할 수 있었다. This study was conducted to assess the extent of the damage to the grape orchards in Gangneung, caused by a downslope windstorm on May 18th, 2009, as well as to determine the effectiveness of the windbreak nets that were used by some orchard owners during that time. Also included in this study is an analysis of the characteristics of the winds that took place in the region during the 30-year period from 1979 until 2009. The wind record for the region during the period from 1979 until 2009 shows that Gangneung province suffered strong winds whose maximum speeds exceed 25 m/s, three times in March, eight times in April, and eight times in May, and 70.8% of the winds in March, April and May were westwinds, which happened on 2,018 days out of the total 2,850 days. The extent of the grape leaf damage was nearly 100% for the orchards where no windbreak nets were used, as opposed to only 20.7% for the orchards where windbreak nets had been installed. The average vine yield per 10 a at harvest time was also higher for the latter with 1,864 kg, compared to 1,451 kg for the former that didn`t have any windbreak nets. In addition, the grapes produced from the orchards without windbreak nets had a cluster weight of 294.7 g, a berry weight of 5.1 g, a sugar level of 14.7 ºBx, and an acid level of 0.8%, while those from the orchards with windbreak nets had a cluster weight of 378.3 g, a berry weight of 7.2 g, a sugar level of 15.0 ºBx, and an acid level of 0.4%. From the these results, we conclude that using winbreak nets greatly reduces the damage which windstorms cause in the springtime to the grape leaves, improving both the yield and the quality of the produce.

스크린메쉬형 VCHP에서 NCG충전량이 작동온도에 미치는 영향

박영식(Y.S. Park),홍정규(Jong-Kyu Hong),서정세(J.S. Suh) 대한기계학회 2005 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2005 No.5

The variable conductance heat pipe(VCHP) is designed in 200 screen mesh wicks, 500 ㎜ length and 12.7 ㎜ outer diameter tube of copper, water(4.8 g) is used as working fluid and nitrogen as non-condensible gas(NCG). For the same charging mass of working fluid, the operating temperature of heat pipe becomes to be high with the increasing of charging mass of NCG. When the heat flux at the evaporator section increases, the vapor pressure in the pipe rises and consequently compresses the NCG to the condenser end part and increases the active length of the condenser. From previous process, it is found out we can control the operating temperature effectively and also the analysis and experimental results are relatively coincided well.

극미세 전자소자 박막배선 재료 개선을 위한 엘렉트로마이그레이션 현상에 미치는 절연보호막 효과

박영식(Y. S. Park),김진영(J. Y. Kim) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1996 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.5 No.2

극미세 전자소자 박막배선의 재료 개선을 위하여 절연보호막 효과가 엘렉트로마이그레이션 현상에 미치는 영향에 관하여 연구하였다. Al-1%Si을 배선 재료로 사용하여 여러 가지 형태의 배선을 제작하였고, SiO₂를 근거로 하여 다양한 구조의 절연보호막을 증착하였다. 직선형배선이 선폭과 면적에 변화가 있는 배선에 비해 2~5배 정도의 긴 수명시간을 갖는다. 즉 미세구조의 불균일성에 의한 원자선속구배의 증가와 전류의 크라우딩효과가 박막배선의 수명시간을 단축시킨다. 절연보호막은 증착 물질의 차이나 증착 두께에 의존하는 수명시간을 갖는다. SiO₂층위에 PSG의 절연보호막을 증착한 시편이 Si₃N₄를 증착한 시편보다 긴 수명시간을 보인다. 이는 SiO₂층위에 PSG층이 박막에서의 스트레스를 줄여 주고, 습기나 sodium과 같은 mobile ion에 대한 저항성을 증가시켜 주기 때문으로 사료된다. 또한 동일한 증착 물질인 경우, 증착 두께에 비례하는 수명시간 의존성을 나타내었다. For the improvement of microelectronic thin film interconnection materials, dielectric passivation effects on the electromigration phenomena were studied. Using Al-1%Si, various shaped patterns were fabricated and dielectric passivation layers of several structures were deposited on the SiO₂ layer. Lifetime of straight pattern showed 2~5 times longer than the other patterns that had various line width and area. It is believed that the flux divergence due to the structural inhomogeneity and so the current crowding effects shorten the lifetime of thin film interconnections. The lifetime of thin film interconnections seems to depend on both the passivation materials and the passivation thickness. PSG/SiO₂ dielectric passivation layers showed longer lifetime than Si₃N₄ dielectric passivation layers. This results from the PSG on SiO₂ layer reduces stress and from the improvement of resistance to the moisture and to the mobile ion such as sodium. This is also believed that the lifetime of thin film interconnections seems to depend on the passivation thickness in case of the same deposition materials.

맥동형 직분사 분무건 시스템의 효율적인 사용을 위한 최적 분무 횟수 설정

박영식 ( Park Y. S. ),엄남용 ( N. Y. Um ),임상현 ( S. H. Lim ),박성민 ( S. M. Park ),허재윤 ( J. Y. Heo ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2018 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.30 No.2

This study was conducted to select the optimal water spray number for the efficient utilization of a pulsatory direct water spray gun system. In order to accomplish the purpose of this research, we evaluated the impingement forces, according to different power pressures, distances, and water spray numbers per second, using a novel pulsatory direct water spray gun system. Based on the result of the basic test, the power pressure and distance of spray that can expect excellent performance were selected as 2 MPa and 1 m, respectively. Then, the flower and leaf bud thinning rate were investigated with different water spray numbers per second under four different flower developmental stages. The optimal water spray frequency for the use of the pulsatory direct water spray gun system was nine sprays per second at the flowering stage, because it resulted in 80% of the flower thinning rate and less than 8% of the leaf bud thinning rate. These results will be used for field applications, which could contribute to labor savings in peach cultivation.

강원 재래감의 형태적 특성

박영식 ( Y. S. Park ),김기선 ( K. S. Kim ),맹진희 ( J. H. Maeng ),안수용 ( S. Y. Ahn ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2011 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.23 No.3

극소전자 디바이스를 위한 Al - 1%Si 박막배선에서의 Electromigration 특성

박영식(Y. S. Park),김진영(J. Y. Kim) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1995 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.4 No.3

전자소자의 축소화에 따라 박막배선에서의 electromigration은 점차 극소전자 디바이스의 주요 결함 원인으로 부각되고 있다. 본 실험에서는 현재 박막 배선 재료로 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 Al-1%Si 금속박막배선의 electromigration에 대한 온도 및 배선길이의 의존성에 관하여 연구하였다. PSG(8000Å)/SiO₂(1000Å)/ A1-1%Si(7000Å)/SiO₂(5000Å)/p-Si(100)의 보호막처리된 시편과 Al-1%Si(7000Å)/SiO₂(5000Å)/p-Si(100)의 보호막처리되지 않은 시편 동을 standard photolithography 공정을 이용하여 각각 제작하였다. 선폭 3㎛, 길이 100, 400, 800, 1600 ㎛ 등의 Al-1%Si 박막배선구조를 사용하였다. 가속화실험을 위해 인가된 d.c. 전류밀도는 4.5×10^6 A/㎠이었고 실온에서 100℃까지의 분위기 온도에서 electromigration test를 진행하였다. 박막배선의 길이에 따른 MIF(Mean-Time-to-Failure) 는 임계길이 이상에서 포화되는 경향을 보이며 이는 보호막층의 유무에 관계없이 나타난다. 선폭 3㎛인 Al-1%Si 박막배선에서 임계길이는, 보호막처리된 시편은 800㎛, 보호막 처리되지 않은 시편은 400㎛ 배선길이에서 나타난다. 이러한 포화의 경향은 낮은 온도에서 더욱 명확해지는 특성을 보인다. 각 시편에서 electromigration에 대한 활성화에너지도 MTF의 특성과 유사하게 임계길이 이상에서 포화되는 특성을 보인다. With continuous miniaturing of dimensions, an electromigration in thin film interconnections has become a critical failure mechanism in microelectronic devices. In this study, temperature and interconnection length dependences for an electromigration in widely used Al-1%Si thin film interconnections were investigated. Passivated PSG(8000Å)/SiO₂(1000Å)/Al-1%Si(7000Å)/SiO₂(5000Å)/p-Si(100) and nonpassivated Al-1%Si(7000Å)/SiO₂(5000Å)/p-Si(100) specimens were fabricated by using a standard photolithography process. Al-1%Si thin film interconnection structures with a line width of 3 ㎛, and a line lengths of 100, 400, 800, 1600 ㎛ were used. The direct current density stressed was 4.5×10^6 A/㎠, and temperatures from a room temperature to 100℃ were used for an accelerated electromigration test condition. The interconnection length dependence on MTF(Mean-Time-to-Failure, t_50) shows a saturation tendency above the critical length, which is generally appeared in both passvated-and nonpassivated Al-1%Si thin film interconnections. With the line width of 3 ㎛, the critical length of passivated Al-1%Si interconnections were observed at 800 ㎛, and that of nonpassivated interconnections were observed at 400 ㎛. The saturation tendency seems to be clear at low temperature. Similar saturation characteristics above the critical line lengths were also observed in the activation energy for an electromigration.

산업폐수처리를 위한 호기성 생물막 유동층 반응기의 연구 (Ⅰ)

박영식(Y . S . Park),김동석(D . S . Kim),안갑환(K . H . Ahn),서근학(K . H . Suh),송승구(S . K . Song) 大韓環境工學會 1993 대한환경공학회지 Vol.15 No.6

축방향 그루브형 가변전열 히트파이프의 열제어 특성

박영식(Y.S.Park),김동언(D.E.Kim),변길성(G.S.Byon),서정세(J.-S.Suh),이기우(K.-W.Lee),박기호(K.H.Park) 대한기계학회 2003 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2003 No.4

The present study has been conducted to analytically investigate the thermal control performance of variable conductance heat pipe(VCHP) with axial grooves. The condenser por of the VCHP is occupied by a inert gas in which the concentration of gas is varied with the operation temperature due to the variation of inert gas concentration. In this study, numerical evaluation for the thermal control of the VCHP with axial grooves is made from the 1st order diffusion model that considers the diffusive expansion of inert gas by concentration gradient. Ammonia is used as a working fluid and Nitrogen as a control gas in the Aluminum tube. As a result, the thermal performance of VCHP based on diffusion model has been compared with that of VCHP from flat front model. Additionally, it is found that the concentration of inert gas is distributed in the condenser region of VCHP with axial grooves.