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박석순,이용석,박민대 ( Seok Soon Park,Yong Seok Lee,Min Dae Park ) 한국하천호수학회 1991 생태와 환경 Vol.24 No.4
The Stochastic Time River Elevator Approach Mode (STREAM) which is a multiconstituent stream ecosystem model was exclusively developed in this study. The formulation of STREAM is based on the Cell-In-Series (CIS) approach where stream is assumed as a series of completly mixed flow reactors. This approach is to use a Lagrangian coordinate instead of an Eulerian such that it can overcome the limitations repoted in the previous stream models, such as QUAL2E. Major constituents included in STREAM are Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Suspended Solid (SS), Coliform Bacteria, Nitrogen Series, Phosphorus Series, and Phytoplankton. Dissolved oxygen change caused by Sediment Oxygen Demand (SOD) and respiration and photosynthesis of periphyton and macrophyte are included in the model structure. STREAM was programed in a BASIC language and graphic was attached. In order to validate STREAM model, both STREAM and QUAL2E (developed by United States Environmental Protection Agency) were applied to the South Branch of Han River under the same amibient condition. The result indicated that STREAM could simulate most water qualities with same accuarcy and less computer time than QUAL2E.
박석순,이상희,박배경,이상호 ( Seok Soon Park,Sang Hee Lee,Bae Kyung Park,Sang Ho Lee ) 한국하천호수학회 1995 생태와 환경 Vol.28 No.3
The paper presents an application of nonparametric statistical method to comparison of stream water qualities between two different watersheds : the Seuth and North Branches of the Han River where significant differences have been reported regarding watershed characteristics as well as aquatic biota. Water quality data were obtained from three synoptic field surveys conducted from March to July 1992. The water quality parameters included 5-day biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, pH, suspended solids, anionic surfactants, and conductivity. The normality of tributary water qualities in both watersheds were examined using the boxplot which is a concise graphical summary of the data distribution. The plots showed that most data were typically non-normally distributed as expected. Therefore, nonparametric statistical method called Wilcoxen Rank-Sum Test was adopted in this study. The result indicated that discernable differences of water qualities existed between tributaries of two branches. Highly significant differences were computed in pH and conductivity during all attempted flow conditions. The other parameters, surh as BOD, COD, SS, and AS were much higher in tributaries of the South Branch than in these of the North Branches during low and mid flow periods. During high flow period, however, no statistical differences were computed between two groups of data. Nonparametric aspects of water quality data were also discussed in this paper.
미국 뉴저지주 매차포닉강의 수질 모델 연구 : QUAL2E 모델 적용
박석순,크리스토퍼 유클린 ( Seok Soon Park,Christopher G. Uchrin ) 한국하천호수학회 1990 생태와 환경 Vol.23 No.2
A comprehensive water quality model was constructed for the Matchaponix Brook, New Jersey, U.S.A., using the USEPA Enhanced Stream Quality Model (QUAL2E). The study area (15.3 km) was divided into eight (8) reaches. Each reach was then subdivided into uniform computational elements of 160.9 m. Field Data were obtained from two synoptic field sampling surveys performed during summer warm weather, low flow (September, 1989) and winter cold weather, low flow (November, 1989) conditions for three consecutive days. The model was calibrated to the September survey data and verified to the November survey data. The modeled water quality parameters included Dissolved Oxygen (DO), 5-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD_5), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Organic Nitrogen (Org-N), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH₃-N), Nitrite Nitrogen (NO₂-N), Nitrate Nitrogen (NO₃-N), Total Organic Phosphorus (TOP), Total Dissolved Phosphorus (TDP), and Planktonic Algae as Chlorophyll-A (Chl-A) but selected parameters were displayed in this paper. The results displayed good agreement with the field measurements for both surveys in steady-state simulations.
SIREM1 모델을 이용한 수초에 의한 하천 수질 변화 분석
박석순,홍헌표 ( Seok Soon Park,Heon Pyo Hong ) 한국물환경학회 1997 한국물환경학회지 Vol.13 No.2
Water quality changes caused by macrophytes was quantitatively analyzed in this paper, using SIREM1 model. The model was calibrated and verified to water quality data collected from Tan stream where an excessive growth of macrophytes was observed in upstream area. The water quality parameters included in the model were dissolved oxygen(DO), carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand(CBOD), and nutrients. Diurnal dissolved oxygen was simulated using QUAL2E model developed by USEPA as well as SIREM1 model. The results from SIREM1 model showed good agreement with field measurements. However, QUAL2E model could not represent the fluctuation of diurnal dissolved oxygen. Model sensitivity was analyzed with regard to several parameters which include temperature, reaeration coefficient, photoperiod, and light intensity. The role of macrophytes in the water quality changes was examined. The results indicated that macrophytes played an important role of controlling diurnal dissolved oxygen variations, nutrient uptake/recycle, and the generation of autochtonous organic matter. It was concluded from this study that SIREM1 model could effectively simulate diurnal dissolved oxygen and other conventional water qualities in macrophyte dominated stream.
박석순,박재우,Park, Seok-Soon,Park, Jae-Woo 한국환경영향평가학회 1996 환경영향평가 Vol.5 No.1
This paper presents the results from a hydrodynamic model study to predict the impacts of coastal reclamation in Pusan harbor system using RMA2 which is a tidal flow model of the US Army Corps of Engineers' TABS-2 system. A finite element mesh was constructed and refined to cover the complicated geometry of Pusan harbor system and the proposed reclamation area. The model was calibrated to tidal elevations and currents measured during spring fall syzygys. Under the three different tidal conditions including summer winter syzygys, spring fall quarters, and summer winter quarters, the model predictions were compared with the field measurements both in tidal elevation and current. In all cases, there were excellent agreements between the model predictions and the field measurements. The validated model was then used to predict the changes in tidal current and elevation that might occur due to the coastal reclamation. It was predicted that there would be no change in tidal elevation of this system after the reclamation. In tidal current, however, discernible changes were predicted near the proposed reclamation area both in magnitude and direction.
박석순(Seok Soon Park),나유미(Yu Mee Na),나은혜(Eun Hye Na) 한국환경영향평가학회 2001 환경영향평가 Vol.10 No.2
This paper presents the policy directions of total maximum daily loads(TMDL), which was recently adopted in Korea, for scientific management of water quality. The basic principles of water quality management are also discussed in this paper, along with the TMDL policy in United States as well as the previous policy in Korea. We discussed several unreasonable points out of the previous approaches, such as regulation of all point sources with equal standards, negligence of an assimilative capacity of the receiving water, and emphasis only on drinking water supply, etc.. For successful applications of the TMDL policy in Korea, the following directions are suggested: 1) the unit drainage basin for each TMDL application should be given, 2) the water body where the water quality standards should be maintained, needs to be guided, 3) the water quality parameters of TMDL should be given, 4) the technical guidances should be given for applications of water quality models, and 5) the seasonal TMDL would be allowed. In order to maximize the benefits of the TMDL policy, the local governments would need to implement the following strategies: 1) the increment of an assimilative capacity of the receiving water, 2) the effective controls of the non-point source pollution, 3) the advanced treatment of the point sources, 4) application of system optimization techniques along with effluent trade, and 5) utilization of watershed management systems.