On how to use anaphoric definites in Korean

박명관 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2022 언어연구 Vol.39 No.1

This paper investigates the anaphoric definite use of bare NPs in Korean, especially responding to Kim’s (2021a, b) recent proposed analysis for bare NPs and demonstratives (i.e., demonstrative ku plus NPs) in certain structural environments. Specifically, Kim (ibid.) claims that continuing topics prefer to be expressed by demonstratives rather than bare NPs, and that likewise, the Nominative Case-marked subjects of verbs are more likely expressed not by bare NPs but demonstratives than those of adjectives. Kim suggests a cartography-cum-optimality approach in accounting for the two forms of anaphoric definites in Korean, but this syntactic approach is grounded on the unmotivated assumption that bare and demonstrative NPs belong to the same category and compete with each other to encode anaphoric definiteness in Korean. We take a different tack from Kim’s, proposing that the preference for demonstratives rather than bare NPs as a (continuing) topic is attributed to the fact that NUN as a topic marker increases the discourse salience of the NP with it, and that the demonstrative ku encoding familiarity serves as a reinforcing device to do so. On the other hand, the tendency for Nominative anaphoric definite subject NPs of verbal predicates to come with the demonstrative follows from the information structure-theoretic dynamics. While Nominative subject NPs of verbs can enter into thetic (vs. categorical) interpretation in Spec,VP, they may be construed as indefinites. But when they come with the demonstrative, they can surely undergo proper interpretation as anaphoric definites.

'-Tul' in Korean both as an Associative and as an Additive Plural Marker

박명관 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2023 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.24 No.2

This paper investigates the grammatical identity of the plural marker ‘-tul’ in Korean. We first explore this issue from comparative morpho-syntactic perspectives. Noting that like in Turkish but unlike in English, ‘-tul’ can give rise to associative plurality, we propose that as cross-linguistically attested, it is generated in the outer layer of a nominal projection. Showing that ‘-tul’ with a common noun allows for an additive plural (ADP) (or sum) reading as well as an associative plural (ASP) (or ADP-like) one, we argue that the attempt to deduce the former reading from the latter one does not work out. Particularly, ‘-tul’ with some collective nouns in Korean yields a genuine kind of additive plurality. Thus, it is safe to say that ‘-tul’ in Korean serves both as an ASP and as an ADP marker, which the ASP-only approach by Jiang (2017) and Nakanish (2018) cannot capture. To further support this thesis, we move on to examine the plural markers in East Asian languages to show that Korean ‘-tul’ behave syntactically like Japanese ‘-tachi’ but unlike Chinese ‘-men.’

Phase, Cyclicity and Extraction out of Ellipsis in English

박명관 한국생성문법학회 2004 생성문법연구 Vol.14 No.4

This paper explores both Wh- and A-movement out of ellipsis in English. In particular, we place argument Wh-, adjunct Wh- and A-moved elements in the ellipsis clause, and overt indefinite expressions, phonetically null arguments and adjuncts, focused expressions and universally quantified expressions in the corresponding antecedent clause, and investigate into their syntactic behaviors. This paper argues for the phasehood of vP, showing that it plays a crucial role in accounting for derivational steps of both movement and ellipsis. Furthermore, by showing that intermediate traces come into play for the identity condition on ellipsis, we argue for a cyclic process of movement through either vP or CP.

When Things are Cumulated or Distributed Across Coordinate Conjuncts

박명관 한국생성문법학회 2005 생성문법연구 Vol.15 No.4

In this paper, with new sets of data I argue that, among several previous works on the right node raising (RNR) construction, the multi-dominance approach is on the right track to accounting for the peculiar properties of the construction, but demonstrate that the approach needs a certain modification. In particular, I argue that the multi-dominance structure of the construction results from adding up the first-conjunct right edge element to the second-conjunct one. I also show that the resulting multi-dominance structure of the construction allows two separate singular DPs in each conjunct to contribute together to a plural interpretation.

English Heavy NP Shift as Clause-internal Fragmenting

박명관,김재준 한국현대언어학회 2016 언어연구 Vol.31 No.4

This paper provides a specifying coordination based analysis of Heavy NP Shift (HNPS) in English. Proposing that the clause involving HNPS has bi-clausal vP or TP coordination, we submit that HNPS is derived by leftward movement of one surviving phrase from the second clause to be deleted. We then show that the well-known restrictions on HNPS like the Right Roof constraint or the ban on preposition-stranding HNPS follow from this conception of HNPS. Specifically, the Right Roof constraint is attributed to the economy requirement of sentence structure building in English, which employs left-branching. The ban on preposition-stranding HNPS is due to the fact that the empty category or null argument as an object of a preposition in the first coordinate clause ends up not being licensed appropriately. We also examine the hierarchical effects that HNPS exerts on the clause involving it

영어 자동격의 허가와 제약

박명관,조성은 현대문법학회 2004 현대문법연구 Vol.36 No.-

This paper examines non-default/default case environments in English and explores the nature of default case and its realization mechanism in this language. We advance four claims about the default case licensing mechanism: (ⅰ) The default case mechanism is capitalized on to spell out nominal expressions whose Case feature fails to be valued because of the deficiency of the Case value-licensing head, (ⅱ) Nominal expressions without Case valuation have case form through default case licensing at the morphological/phonological component, (ⅲ) Both Nominative and Accusative case can be default case in English, (ⅳ) The selection of the particular Case value through the default case mechanism depends on several factors such as relative positions of nominal expressions and the invariant strong form constraint (Quinn 2002).

영어 생략구문에서의 이동과 생략의 상호작용 : 생략에 의한 개선(Repair by Ellipsis) 효과를 중심으로

박명관 한국중앙영어영문학회 2005 영어영문학연구 Vol.47 No.3

This paper explores the asymmetry in repair by ellipsis between IP and VP ellipsis. The former renders amnesty effects to violations of the Subjancency condition when the ‘record’ or star(*)-marking of the violations is included in the elided IP. In contrast, the latter does not, even though it is included in the elided VP. In addition, it is noted that the elided VP is a simple one when extraction takes place out of it. On the basis of this asymmetry, this paper has advanced three points. First, movement proceeds in a cyclic fashion, and the chain formed by movement undergoes adjustment in the mapping from Overt Syntax to Logical Form. In particular, argument Wh-movement forms an operatorvariable chain, deleting other intermediate traces. Second, ellipsis also proceeds cyclically, especially in meeting the identity/parallelism condition on ellipsis. It is proposed in this paper that the size of ellipsis is determined by the minimal constituent requirement for the identity condition on ellipsis. Third, various elements in the antecedent clause of the ellipsis construction, such as overt and covert indefinite expressions, universally quantified expressions and focused elements, take different scope-taking strategies. It is noted that their different scope possibilities in the antecedent clause affect the scope of Wh-movement in the ellipsis clause.

좁은 평행평판전극 사이의 ER유체 유동의 가시화

박명관,이은준,오시마 슈조,야마네 류이치로,Park, Myeong-Kwan,Rhee, Eun-Jun,Oshima, Shuzo,Yamane, Ryuichiro 대한기계학회 1999 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.23 No.7

The purpose of present research was to get characteristics and basic knowledges of electrorheological(ER) suspension. To observe behaviors of the ER suspensions. transparent conductive plates were used to visualize the flow of ER suspensions between two parallel plate electrodes. The influence of flowing speed and intensity of electric field on the ER fluid were examined in circle-shaped electric field, and it takes several hundred milliseconds that suspensions in flow cluster. The present study also conducts a numerical analysis adopting the Bingham model. It is found that simple Bingham model can not property describe the flow behavior in the parallel plates.

Head Movement and the PF Interface

박명관 서울대학교 언어교육원 2002 語學硏究 Vol.38 No.3

In Defense of Edge Coordination in Syntax

박명관 한국중원언어학회 2023 언어학연구 Vol.- No.66

This paper argues in support of edge coordination that applies at the periphery of two conjuncts formed in the course of syntactic derivation. Chomsky (2020, 2021) recently proposes FORM SET, which applies Merge/MERGE to build a set of conjuncts, which in turn get linearized via the subsequent operation of FORM SEQUENCE. On top of FORM SET/FORM SEQUENCE, in this paper we argue for introducing edge coordination to grammar to account for derivationally constructed coordinate structure and its interaction with other modules of grammar such as agreement and binding phenomena in the respectively construction of English, which has been investigated in great details by Bošcović (2022). It will be shown below that the coordinate structure newly formed in the course of syntactic derivation in the construction at issue enters into subject-verb agreement and also feeds into the representation where Binding Conditions (A) and (B) apply, which renders compelling evidence for the validity of postulating edge coordination as an independent syntactic operation besides FORM SET/FORM SEQUENCE.