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박기덕,신기일,Pak, Gi-Deok,Shin, Key-Il 한국통계학회 2010 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.17 No.6
무응답 대체(non-response imputation) 방법에 관한 많은 이론과 방법이 제안되었으며 실제 자료 분석에 이용되고 있다. 흔히 횡단면 무응답 대체를 위하여 다중대체법(multiple imputation)이 사용되고 있으며 2차년도 이상의 패널자료에는 종시점회귀대체법(cross-wave regression imputation)이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 패널자료 분석을 위하여 종시점회귀대체법의 일반형태인 시계열 대체법과 횡단면 무응답 대체법을 결합한 시계열-횡단면 다중 대체법을 제안하였다. 노동부의 매월노동통계 자료를 이용하여 제안한 방법과 기존의 종시점회귀대체법을 비교하여 우수함을 보였다. Several non-response imputation methods are suggested, however, mainly cross-sectional imputations are studied and applied to this analysis. A simple and common imputation method for panel data is the cross-wave regression imputation or carry-over imputation as a special case of cross-wave regression imputation. This study suggests a multiple imputation method combined time series analysis and cross-sectional multiple imputation method. We compare this method and the cross-wave regression imputation method using MSE, MAE, and Bias. The 2008 monthly labor survey data is used for this study.
박기덕,Ji Hae Lee,박용범 대한재활의학회 2012 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.36 No.4
Objective To identify the volumes of contrast material needed to reach the specific landmarks and contrast pattern during Kambin’s triangle approach (KB-A) in lumbar spinal stenosis.Method Sixty patients undergoing KB-A were investigated. Fifty-six patients were included in this study. KB-A were performed with the use of contrast-enhanced fluoroscopic visualization. After confirming the appropriate spinal needle position, a slow injection of up to 5.0 ml of nonionic contrast material was carried out. Under intermittent fluoroscopic guidance, contrast volumes were recorded as flow reached specific anatomic landmarks: ipsilateral inferior or superior neural foramen.Results After 2.0 ml of contrast was injected, 93.2% of KB-A cases spread to the medial aspect of the inferior pedicle of the corresponding level of injection and 86.3% of KB-A spread to the medial aspect of the superior pedicle of the corresponding level of injection. After 3 ml of contrast was injected, 95.3% of KB-A spread to cover both the medial aspect of the inferior pedicle and the superior pedicle of the corresponding level of injection. A volume of 2 ml of injectate reaches the anterior epidural space 100% of the time.Conclusion This study demonstrates injectate volumes needed to reach the specific anatomic landmarks in KB-A. A volume of 3.0 ml of injectate reaches both the medial aspect of theinferior pedicle and the superior pedicle 94.6% of the time. Therefore, Interventionalists may consider a 1-level instead of a 2-level injection for patients with a bleeding risk or for 2 level central pathology.
박기덕 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1992 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.15 No.2
실험용 동물로 가장 많이 사용되는 흰쥐에서 쉽고 정확하게 시행할 수 있는 경추부 체감각신경유발 전위검사 방법에 대하여 자세히 기술하였으며 이방법으로 얻은 유발전위의 정상치에 대하여 기술하였다. Somatosensory Evoked Potential(SEP) is a useful study in animal experiments as well as in evaluation of human diseases. But in animal experiments most methods of obtaining the potential are difficult and usually require surgical or complex procedures. In this article easy and accurate methods of obtaining cervical SEPs is presented in addition to its normal data of 55 female Spraque-Dally rats. Another advantage of this methods is that serial studies are possible because of its relative noninvasiveness.