사회과 교과서의 사회적 소수자 관련 내용 분석

박가나(Park, Ga-Na) 한국사회과교육연구학회 2016 사회과교육 Vol.55 No.2

본 연구는 사회과 교과서의 사회적 소수자에 대한 서술 내용과 경향성을 파악하기 위해 두 가지 연구문제를 설정하여 교과서를 분석하였다. 분석 대상 교과서는 2009 개정교육과정의 적용을 받는 중·고등학교 사회과 교과서로 중·고 사회, 고등학교 사회·문화, 법과사회 각 3종씩 총 15개였다. 첫 번째 연구문제와 관련하여 소수자의 정의와 속성에 대한 내용, 유사개념과의 관계, 유형, 관점, 정책 등을 구분하여 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 소수자에 대한 정의와 속성을 분석한 결과, 학교급이 올라감에 따라 보다 구체화되고 있으나 전반적으로 볼 때 서술의 양이나 구체성은 아직 부족했고, 특히 사회적 소수자는 사회적 약자나 취약계층과 크게 구분되지 않은 채 사용되고 있었다. 둘째, 언급되는 소수자의 범주를 볼 때 여성과 장애인, 혹은 외국인노동자 등 전통적으로 전형적인 사회적 약자임과 동시에 소수자인 집단에 국한하여 제시되고 있었다. 셋째, 소수자에 대한 관점은, 중학교에서는 전반적으로 관점에 대한 서술 자체가 부족했고, 고등학교의 경우 <사회>는 온정주의와 권리적 관점의 혼용을 보이는 반면, <사회·문화>의 경우에는 주로 권리적 관점으로 서술되고 있어 각 과목 간 관점에 대한 서술의 일관성이 나타나지 않았다. 넷째, 소수자 정책과 관련해서, 정도의 차이는 있었지만 세 과목에서 모두 언급하고 있는 소수자 관련 정책은 적극적 우대 정책이었다. 두 번째 연구문제는 소수자와 관련되는 다른 단원(다문화와 민주주의·인권)에서의 서술 내용은 어떠한지 확인하는 것이었다. 먼저, 다문화사회 관련 단원에서는 학교급이나 교과서별 차이 없이 주로 인종, 민족적 소수자에 초점을 맞추고 있었다. 민주주의와 인권 단원의 서술은 공통적으로 평등권의 실현과 관련하여 언급하고 있었으나 그 비중은 적었고, 모든 교과서에 공통적으로 제시되는 소수자의 사례는 장애인과 여성에 국한되는 경향이었다. 이와 관련한 논의점은 다음과 같다. 우선, 소수자는 사회적으로 보호받아야 함과 동시에 최근에는 스스로 구별되는 정체성을 선택하는 능동적 성격도 가진다는 점을 반영하여. 보호받아야 하는 존재임과 더불어 그들 역시 다른 집단과 다름없는 동등한 권리를 가진 집단이라는 입장도 제시할 필요가 있다. 또한 여성과 장애인, 외국인노동자 외 최근 우리사회에 나타나고 있는 다양한 소수자를 다양하게 언급하여 이들에 대한 이해를 높이는 것이 필요하다. 더불어 다문화사회 단원에서는 인종, 민족 중심, 인권 단원에서는 장애인, 여성 중심에서 벗어나 앞으로 보다 다양한 소수자들에 대한 언급을 통해 소수자에 대한 서술의 방향을 전환시킬 필요가 있다. An object of this study is to make sure the minority group of describing the contents of the social studies textbooks. To this end it has set up two of the problem of the study, were analyzed textbooks. Textbook to be analyzed, middle and high school social studies textbooks-in subject to the application of the revised curriculum of 2009 was a total of 15. First of all, the results of analysis of the definition and attributes of the minority, as the school meals increases, had been more concrete. However, it was still missing the amount and specificity of the overall narrative. In particular minority group had been mixed remains have not been classified as large as the socially disadvantaged and vulnerable layer. Secondly, the minority who have been described in textbooks was women, people with disabilities and foreign workers. These are minority at the same time to be the most typical socially vulnerable in our society. Thirdly, the results of analysis of the minority viewpoint, narrative consistency between each subject was observed. Fourth, the results of analysis of the minority policies, the policies mentioned in all subjects were affirmative action. On the other hand, in the section of the multi-cultural society, textbook had described a multi-cultural society primarily race, from the ethnic point of view. In the section of democracy and human rights, textbook had described minorities in parts of the equality. Examples being presented in common to all textbooks, was handicapped and women. In future, textbooks must reflect changes in society not only is described a minority in the weak. Further, it is necessary to mention our various minority of cases shown in society more variously. In a multicultural societyrelated section, it is necessary to de-race, de-ethnic from the narrow concept.

청소년 참여활동에 대한 인식조사 연구

박가나 ( Ga Na Park ) 한국사회과교육학회 2007 시민교육연구 Vol.39 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate youth`s perception of ``youth participation`` and the current conditions of it in Korea, in order to propose better strategies for youth participation. For this study, 534 youth participated in the survey which provided concrete statements about ``youth participation`` and questions about their own participation experiences. The main results of this study are as follow: First, Youth didn`t know well about current youth participation catalogues in Korea. Respondents only exceeded a majority on 4 of 12 youth`s activities. and youth`s experiences also incline to service learning activity which conducted in school and community. Second, Youth mostly were unhappy with their own experiences. Many of them think that they didn`t have time enough to take an active part for satisfaction, and didn`t exercise their empowerment sufficiently. But, Youth think that youth participation activity is important and need to both youth oneself and our society. and many have expressed intent participate these activities in the future. Based on the above results, to activated youth participation, we have to provide more chances for an easily access. We should be prepared to appropriately programs to youth`s needs and youth`s problems.

참여민주주의적 관점에서 본 2007 개정 고등학교 사회 교과서 정치단원의 참여 내용 분석

박가나 ( Ga Na Park ) 한국사회과교육학회 2012 시민교육연구 Vol.44 No.2

The purpose of this paper is analysis of high school social studies textbooks by the 2007 revision curriculum from the viewpoint of participatory democracy. Concretely, Frequencies of sentences in the textbooks or subjects in the research activities, illustrations, reading materials are measured at the quantitative analysis. and meaning of the text are examined at the qualitative analysis. The results of analysis is as follow. Mostly the contents related to participation are described from the viewpoint of participatory democracy, but the results also show insufficiency in method of participation, issues of participation. and The diversity needs more in subject and learning activities of the research activities, illustrations, reading materials. Therefore, it is necessary to present more diverse participation cases and methods. The issue of legality had better in a way to make research activity. and it is also necessary to increase practical programs for behavioral sphere of participatory citizenship in research activity.

외식소비자의 HEXACO 성격유형 측정도구 개발

박가나 ( Ga Na Park ),김진강 ( Jin Kang Kim ),정은성 ( Eun Seong Jeong ) 대한관광경영학회 2013 觀光硏究 Vol.28 No.5

외식산업은 고객만족을 이끌어내기 위하여 고객의 수요의 파악을 통해 고객지향적인 전략을 추구해야 한다. 최근의 외식산업 관련 최근 연구들에서는 고객의 성격유형과 같은 심리적 특성의 분석을 통한 고객의 수요의 충족에 대한 중요성을 제기하고 있다. HEXACO 성격유형 모델은 어휘연구를 바탕으로 각 개인의 성격의 특성을 유형화한 측정 도구로서 다양한 분야에서 활용하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 외식소비자들의 성격유형을 분석할 수 있는 측정도구로서의 HEXACO 모델의 정밀정확도, 신뢰도, 그리고 타당도 검증을 통하여 향후 외식소비자 관련 연구의 적용방안을 제시하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이와 같은 연구목적을 도출하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 크론바하 알파검증을 통해 HEXACO모델의 신뢰도를 제시하였다. 그리고 HEXACO모델의 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 개념타당도의 검증하여 이를 만족하지 못한 측정변수들을 제거한 후, 확인적 요인분석을 통해수렴 및 판별타당도를 검증하여 향후 외식소비자 관련 연구에서 적용이 가능한 잠재변수와 측정변수를 제시하였다. Restaurant business must be customer oriented through identifying customer needs in order to lead to their satisfaction and increased retention. To address this purpose, recent studies stress that tourism and hospitality industry, including restaurant business is to verify customers` psychological characteristics like personality to provide their diverse needs. The HEXACO model has been widely recognized as a psychometric property to measure individuals` personality in the last few decades. This study aimed to explore precision and accuracy, reliability, and validity whether the HEXACO model applies to the study of restaurant industry consumer through Cronbach`s alpha test, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis.

국가수준 학업성취도 평가를 위한 사회과 평가 틀 개발 연구

김혜숙 ( Hye sook Kim ),박가나 ( Ga Na Park ) 한국지리환경교육학회 2010 한국지리환경교육학회지 Vol.18 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 변화된 국가수준 학업성취도 평가의 목적에 부합하고 교육과정의 변화에 능동적으로 대처하며, 기존의 사회과 평가 틀의 문제점을 보완할 수 있는 새로운 사회과 평가 틀을 개발하는 것이다. 개발은 평가영역 설정, 성취기준 개발, 성취수준 진술문 개발의 세 가지를 중심으로 진행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 평가영역은 교육목표분류학의 최근 연구 성과를 검토한 후 교육과정과 사회과 학업성취도 평가 문항을 분석하여 내용영역은 기존과 같이 유지하고, 행동영역은 인지과정의 위계를 고려할 수 있도록 기억, 이해, 분석, 활용의 4영역으로 설정하였다. 둘째, 사회과의 성취기준을 새롭게 개발하였다. 개발의 초점은 교육과정에 근거하되 교육과정의 변화에도 지속적으로 사용할 수 있으며, 학업성취도 평가에 실질적 으로 활용할 수 있는 성취기준이 되도록 하는 데 두었다. 셋째, 성취수준 설정의 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있는 성취수준 진술문을 개발하였다. 이러한 연구 결과에 대해서는 앞으로 실제 현장 적용을 통해 평가 틀의 타당성에 대한 점검이 이루어져야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to develop a new assessment framework to come up to objectives of National Assessment of Educational Achievement(NAEA), for changes in curriculum and to complement the existing problems. The results are as follows. First, after reviewing recent studies on the Taxonomy of Educational Objectives and analyzing social studies curriculum and recent NAEA items, the behavior area was divided into four kinds of elements: remembering, comprehension, analysis, utilization. Second, the achievement standards of social studies was newly developed. The focus of development is based on social studies curriculum, used continuously regardless of the revision of the curriculum and to be practical about NAEA. Third, the achievement level statement was developed to be used as the basis for standard setting the achievement level. It is necessary to check validity of the assessment framework through applying it in real evaluation in the future.

2004년~2008년 국가수준 사회과 학업성취도 평가 성취수준별 대표문항 분석 연구

길현주 ( Ghil Hyun Joo ),박가나 ( Ga Na Park ) 한국사회과교육학회 2010 시민교육연구 Vol.42 No.2

The purpose of this study is to identify the ability of student in achievement levels. For this purpose, we analyzed the questions of social studies in National Assessment of Educational Achievement in 2004~2008. Specifically, in achievement levels we confirmed differences depending on the behavior area and examined differences depending on the characteristics of materials like degrees of complexity and familiarity. The results are as follows. First, there were no differences in behavior area in achievement levels. Second, we recognized differences according to the characteristics of materials in achievement levels. In familiarity of materials, high degree of familiarity is related to basic level. In the complexity of materials, basic level is related to simple materials, but in excellent level, there are many items that have materials of high degree of complexity. Implications are as follows: 1. The characteristics of questions should be analyzed more closely through specified analytical framework. 2. It is necessary to develop a variety of materials in National Assessment of Educational Achievement. 3. Items should be developed to response on hierarchical thinking. 4. In social studies class, we need to facilitate students to interpret meanings of materials that are complicated and unfamiliar.

사회과 교사들의 교육과정 재구성 경험에 관한 이해 -혁신학교 사례를 중심으로-

길현주 ( Hyun Joo Ghil ),박가나 ( Ga Na Park ) 한국사회과교육학회 2015 시민교육연구 Vol.47 No.1

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the meaning of curriculum reconstruction from two social studies teachers`` experience. For this purpose, we selected two cases of social studies teacher that they actively practised curriculum reconstruction in the middle school. Employing various methods including focus group interviews, observations, and collections of teachers`` essay about instruction and curriculum reconstruction, this study tried to show the characteristic and the meaning of two teachers`` reconstruction of curriculum. We found that two teachers`` curriculum reconstruction was characterized as a co-work with their colleague. They replaned their own curriculum according to their belief and values. They set up and gave shape to an educational plan and practised curriculum reconstruction through in-deep considerations about their community, the nature of the curriculum, identity as a teacher. Teachers`` collaboration also would help resolve some of their anxiety and difficulties which they felt during develop their own curriculum. They initiatively interpreted and understood textbooks, students, and standards of accomplishment with their own educational belief. This study interpreted that the experience which two teachers gained by reconstructing of curriculum was characterized that as an opportunity for development and that deepening their understanding of students and teachingprofession and as a process in collective intelligence with their colleague.

연구논문(硏究論文) : 광주 지방 관광호텔 직원 역할스트레스가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 -성별 조절 효과-

곽춘려 ( Chun Li Guo ),박가나 ( Ga Na Park ) 한국관광산업학회 2011 Tourism Research Vol.32 No.-

The purpose of this study is on the effects of role stress of regional tourist hotel employees on their life quality. The survey was conducted from Apr. 12th to Apr. 30st, 2011. Out of 200 copies of the questionnaire, 162 employee of eight GwangJu` tourist hotels were answered the questions. For statistical data handling, SPSS 18.0 was used on an exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, t-test analysis, and regression analysis. The major findings of the study are summarized as follows: First, the results of the analysis showed that role stress of regional tourist hotel employee was composed of 3 subordinate factors - role ambiguity, role conflict, role overload. Second, the results of analyzing the moderating effect of the Gender on the relationship between role stress and life quality. results showed that role stress had significant influence on the life quality. Third, regarding the moderating effect of the Gender on the role stress and life quality, the Gender hasn`t shown moderating effect.