Qualitative Analysis of ‘Inanimate Subject+Active Verb’ Structure in Editorials and its Pedagogical Implications in Korean-into-English Translation

마승혜 한국통번역교육학회 2015 통번역교육연구 Vol.13 No.2

A particular syntactic pattern, an inanimate subject with an active verb(IS+AV), is quite common in journal articles with scientific topics in English. Asian students, however, are known to have difficulties in employing this pattern in their English writings and translations. For this reason newspaper editorials with animate and inanimate(including abstract) topics are categorized and compared in detail to investigate the context that the pattern is used and the difference between the two kinds of editorials with a specific regard to the frequency of the ‘IS+AV’ pattern. Based on the analysis of 10 editorials from The New York Times, this paper substantiates previous researches that have claimed the ‘IS+AV’ pattern is particularly popular in texts in scientific genre. Besides, the proportions of this pattern in Korean students' translations of an editorial with an inanimate topic are analyzed to see how much they can employ this pattern in translating an inanimate topic editorial into English. It is drawn from the analysis that the Korean students participated in the test are not skillful in employing this pattern in translating an editorial with an inanimate topic.

북한소설 『벗』 영역본의 명시화 전략 분석: 감정표현을 중심으로

마승혜,김순영 한국동서비교문학학회 2021 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.- No.55

As a North Korean novel, Friend, was selected as one of The Best World Literature of 2020 by Library Journal, an American trade publication for librarians, and was promoted as a Korean book that sold the most copies in France, the North Korean literature is gaining attention in the literary field. According to the cultural identification proposed by Edward T. Hall, the North Korean language and culture belong to high-context culture that exhibits less-direct verbal and nonverbal communication, whereas English and the English-speaking culture belong to low-context culture that relies heavily on explicit verbal skills for communication. Hence, when the North Korean novel is translated into English, the indirect or implicit messages need to be explicitly enunciated for greater understanding of the readers in the English-speaking culture. Out of many cultural elements that require explicitation, emotional expressions deserve a detailed investigation, since how accurately the emotions are translated holds a lot of sway over the comprehension and acceptance of the novel transferred from a different culture. Therefore, this study analyzes and categorizes the expilcitation strategies employed in the translation of Friend and seeks implications for translation of emotional expressions from high-context to low-context culture.

디아스포라 문학과 K-푸드 : Crying in H Mart와 영미권 독자 반응 분석을 중심으로

마승혜 인문콘텐츠학회 2023 인문콘텐츠 Vol.- No.71

본 연구에서는 최근 화제가 된 디아스포라 문학 Crying in H Mart( H 마트에서 울다 )에서 K-푸드가 어떻게 묘사되고 있는지 상세히 분석하였다. 음식은 민족의 정체성을 규정하는 문화적 요소이고, 음식 문화가 나타내는 문화적 중요성이 더욱 커지고 있다. 게다가 K-푸드 열풍이 전 세계적으로 거세지고 있기 때문에 K-푸드를 주요 소재로 다룬 디아스포라 문학에서는 K-푸드를 어떻게 묘사하여 K-푸드 세계화에 기여하는지 살펴본다. 텍스트 분석 결과 K-푸드의 맛과 식감, 그리고 먹는 방법을 상세하고 긍정적으로 묘사하여 해외 독자의 미각과 호기심을 자극한다. 그리고 방대한 분량의 해외 독자 서평을 코퍼스로 구축하여 텍스트 마이닝을 통해 분석한 후, K-푸드와 K-컬쳐를 간접 체험한 해외 독자는 이 책을 읽고 어떠한 깨달음과 인식 변화를 겪는지 정량적·정성적인 측면에서 모두 살펴본다. 코퍼스 분석 결과 해외 독자들은 주로 K-푸드에 대해 흥미가 증진되었음을 언급하고, 한식 문화의 독특한 특성과 음식을 통한 관계 맺기, 감정 표현, 위로 등을 깨닫게 되었음을 말한다. 결론적으로 한국 문화 세계화에 있어서 디아스포라 문학의 잠재적 기능을 확인하였고, 연구 방법론적으로는 인문 콘텐츠 분석에 빅데이터 분석 툴을 활용함으로써 디지털 인문학을 실천하는 일방향을 모색해 보았다. This study conducts a detailed analysis of how K-food is portrayed in the recent diaspora literature Crying in H Mart, which has garnered significant attention in the Anglo-American book market. Food serves as a cultural element that defines a nation's identity, and the cultural significance represented by food culture is steadily gaining prominence. Moreover, due to the global popularity of the K-food trend, diaspora literature that showcases the cultural characteristics of both cultures can act as a conduit for introducing K-food, thereby contributing to the globalization of K-food. The results of the textual analysis reveal that K-food is depicted in great detail and in a positive light, with a focus on its taste, texture, and eating methods, piquing the taste buds and curiosity of overseas readers. Furthermore, by constructing a corpus comprising a substantial volume of overseas reader reviews and employing text mining, this study examines both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of how overseas readers’ perceptions evolve after experiencing K-food and K-culture through the book. The analysis results indicate that overseas readers frequently express heightened interest in K-food and a newfound understanding of the unique characteristics of Korean food culture, including its role in fostering relationships, facilitating emotional expression, and providing comfort. Lastly, this study explores the application of digital humanities by utilizing big data analysis tools in the analysis of humanities content.

역사문학 번역 충실성에 대한 일고찰 - ‘위안부’ 소설 White Chrysanthemum을 중심으로

마승혜,김순영 한국통역번역학회 2021 통역과 번역 Vol.23 No.2

Historical events can be remembered with the past memories left in official records, testimonies, and literary works. Historical novels, in particular, serve as a powerful channel to reveal the sufferings of Japanese military ‘comfort women’ survivors and understand their incurable psychological as well as physical wounds. The novels can serve as the foundation for the trans-generational solidarity that will contribute to resolving the unrealized justice. Therefore, historical novels are rigorously written based on records and testimonies and, accordingly, the translation of these works needs to be faithful to the original texts. In particular, the emotional distress that the survivors had to experience, the interactions between offenders and victims, and symbolic meanings in the original should be meticulously translated and recorded so that the novels can function as complementary records. By doing so, the novels and translations can reveal the coercive nature in recruiting the ‘comfort women’ and seek resolutions to move forward. Therefore, this study compares and analyzes the ‘comfort women’ novel, White Chrysanthemum, and its Korean translation and contemplates how the above-mentioned points can and should be faithfully translated and accurately delivered to future generations.

웹툰 한영 번역양상 및 멀티모달 기계번역(MMT) 활용 가능성 모색 - 의성어/의태어를 중심으로

마승혜,김순영 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2021 통번역학연구 Vol.25 No.4

As K-Webtoons gain global popularity, global fans captivated by K-Webtoons ask for more content to be translated faster than before. In webtoons, onomatopoeia and mimetic words play a crucial role in creating vivid imagery and strengthening sensory effect, so studies on how to translate onomatopoeia/mimetic words in webtoons would contribute to the globalization of the K-Webtoons. Previous research on onomatopoeia translation has mostly focused on onomatopoeia/mimetic words in literary texts such as novels or poetry. Onomatopoeia/mimetic word translation in webtoon is quite different from that in literary texts; therefore, this study first investigates how webtoon onomatopoeia/mimetic words are translated into English. Second, as the demand for webtoon translation rises, faster translation is also getting important. To satisfy this rising demand, it is explored to utilize machine translation in webtoon translation. Webtoon machine translation outcome reveals that it has limitations in translating polysemous onomatopoeia/mimetic words. Hence, in the final chapter, the concept and development of MMT is introduced as a way of complementing the limitation of existing machine translation and specific ways to enhance the performance of MMT are suggested.

문학작품 기계번역의 한계에 대한 상세 고찰

마승혜 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2018 통번역학연구 Vol.22 No.3

Artificial Intelligence(AI) is all around us, from phones and cars to even conducting surgery and writing novels, impacting our everyday lives and work. The field of interpreting and translation has also been daunted by the rapid development of machine interpreting and translation. Certain parts of the interpreting and translation processes would surely been replaced by machine working; however, other parts, especially those that require delicate transfer of feelings and contexts, will remain in the domain of human working. Literary translation is a good case in point. Literary translation from Korean into English, in particular, needs to reflect the differences in the usage of both languages. Deborah Smith, the translator of The Vegetarian, mentioned that she had paid a lot of attention to transfer Korean that has characteristics of ambiguity, repetition, and plain prose to English that is characterized by precision, concision, and dynamism. She harnessed her competences of interpretation, decision-making, creative representation, and communication for readers to translate The Vegetarian, reflecting the differences between Korean and English. On the contrary, Google, one of the most frequently used neural machine translation systems, does not recognize the differences between Korean and English, and the differences are not reflected in literary translation, which gives rise to critical errors in final translation outcome. This detailed investigation on errors in literary translations done by Google gives us implications as to what machine translation cannot take over and where human translators can stand.

다단계 기계번역을 활용한 비전문가 번역 품질 향상 방안 모색 —학부 실습 과정 및 결과 분석을 중심으로

마승혜,성승은 한국번역학회 2019 번역학연구 Vol.20 No.4

The rapid development of machine translation(MT) has recently facilitated the spread of non-professional translations. Non-professionals or amateur translators participate in translation works in a wider range of contexts, emerging as a new distinctive social and cultural phenomenon. Therefore, this research explores ways to help non-professional translators make full use of MT systems. One of the ways suggested in this research is to run MT twice or a relay MT. It is applied to a Korean-English translation practice of 51 undergraduate students majoring in English interpreting and translation. The hypothesis at the practice is that the MT would produce better translation output in English if it goes through Korean-Japanese-English translation process because the quality of MT output depends heavily on accumulated parallel data. It has long been known that Japanese-English translation parallel data have been systematically stored, whereas the history of collecting Korean-English translation data is not as long as that between Japanese and English. The participants compare and analyze two MT outputs, and many of them conclude that the Korean-Japanese-English MT is better to post-edit than the Korean-English MT. They also emphasize that building their translation capacity is as important as knowing how to make use of MT efficiently because ultimately, they are the ones who judge the MT quality and make final decisions.

번역서 표지에 대한 사회기호학적 분석 및 평가—「82년생 김지영」 번역서의 앞표지와 주제 간의 일관성을 기준으로

마승혜,김순영 한국번역학회 2022 번역학연구 Vol.23 No.3

The first encounter with a book occurs at the cover, and the book cover influences readers’ decision-making about whether to buy the book or not. If the book cover has little relevance to the original content and theme, the book may be misrepresented, ultimately misleading the readers who attempt to predict the content based on the book cover. In this respect, this study analyzes the book covers of Kim Ji-young, Born 1982 translations. Contributing to the globalization of Korean literature, this novel was delivered into other cultures with various cover illustrations at the front. The main themes of this novel are disclosing identity crisis of women in Korean society, constructing solidarity among women, and sharing anxiety and grief with other women. The congruence between the cover design and the theme of the book is one of the important elements for successful cover designs. Therefore, this paper takes a social-semiotic approach to analyze the book covers of Kim Ji-young, Born 1982 translations published in 20 countries and evaluates them on the basis of congruence between the cover and the theme.

번역사회학적 작품분석을 바탕으로 ‘위안부’에 대한 초국적 이해 모색—증언소설 '한 명' 번역을 중심으로

마승혜 한국번역학회 2023 번역학연구 Vol.24 No.1

This study explores the social implications of translation by comparing and analyzing a testimonial novel One Left and its English translation. According to the sociology of translation, the translator-translation outcome-reader response are closely correlated; therefore, they need to be investigated holistically. In this study, the translators’ habitus and capital that made the translation possible are examined, including the publishing field at the time when One Left was published in the Anglo-American society. In addition, the translators’ illusio, i.e., the motivation behind carrying out the translation, is investigated. It turns out that the descriptions of places in the translation are more detailed and specific than those in the original, which strengthens the validity of the existence of comfort stations for foreign readers. Furthermore, how the comfort women had felt and what they had experienced in the comfort stations are more concretely conveyed in translation, which helps readers from other cultures to imagine the victims’ excruciating pain. Thanks to the translators’ practice and effort, readers in the Anglo-American society were able to learn about the painful history of the comfort women and their awareness of the issue has been raised. Such accurate and better understandings of the comfort women issue can lay the foundation for transnational discussions and even resolution of the issue.

부르디외(Bourdieu)의 사회학 관점에서 살펴본 이산문학 혼종성: 이민진(Min Jin Lee)의 Pachinko를 중심으로

마승혜,김순영 한국동서비교문학학회 2022 동서 비교문학저널 Vol.- No.62

This study analyzes linguistic hybridity in Min-jin Lee’s Pachinko from the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of sociology, with specific focus on the concepts of habitus, capital, and field. First, Lee’s habitus is specifically examined as a Korean American writer. Her awareness that representing history accurately is crucial, and her belief that literature can be one of the ways of conveying history are also examined. In addition, as a history major, Lee accumulated a wide range of historical knowledge, cultivated a capability for meticulous historical research, and strengthened her skills as a writer by participating in various workshops. Two critical changes in the social field, the spread of the Korean Wave and the increase in the number of Korean diaspora writers, made it possible for Pachinko to garner global popularity. However, when Pachinko was translated into Korean, the marked linguistic hybridity in the original was transformed into an unmarked language in the translation and, consequently, the author’s intention and message that are to be conveyed through such hybridity disappeared. The feeling of otherness and unfamiliarity that is intentionally created through linguistic hybridity can be tarnished in the process of translation if the linguistic markedness in the original is not preserved. In consequence, the quality of the work can be damaged by the removal of the linguistic hybridity in translation; therefore, linguistic hybridity in diaspora literary works, which is the meaningful outcome of cultural translation, should be carefully preserved in inter-lingual translation.