돈(豚) 및 우(牛) 난소(卵巢)의 혈철소(血鐵素)에 관(關)하여

김화식,장인호,이재현,Kim, Hwa Sik,Jang, In Ho,Lee, Jae Hyun 대한수의학회 1971 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

60 cases of swine and bovine ovaries were investigated for detecting the homosiderin pigment by means of Perl's prussian blue reaction. The results abtained were as follows; 1. Among the 30 cases of normal adult swine ovaries, 20 cases (66.6%) were presented as positive. 2. The hemosiderin pigment was detected in corpus albicans, connective tissue of corpus luteum, theca externa of follicles and interstitial tissue of ovary in swine. 3. The morphological characteristics of the hemosiderin pigment of swine ovaries were fine and coarse granules or amorphous and homogenous pigment. 4. In 30 cases of bovine ovaries, the hemosiderin pigment was not detected.

한우(韓牛)의 유주백혈구핵내(游走白血球核內)에 출현(出現)하는 성아체(性芽體) SEX BUD 에 관(關)하여

김화식,이차수,Kim, Hwa Sik,Lee, Cha Soo 대한수의학회 1968 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.8 No.1

Blood-examinations of 30 sexually intact female and male Korean cattle with normal blood values have been cescribed, to find drumstick (sex bud). The results obtained were as follows: 1) The cattle of positive appearance of drumstick in more than 500 neutrophils per individuals was 100% in female and 30% in male, respectively. 2) The appearance rate of drumstick in neutrophils to be found the hig hest in frequency of sex bud ranged in females from 0.2% to 2.0% (average 0.7%) and in males from 0% to 0.6% (average 0.08%). 3) Drumsticks were detected in lymphocytes (33%) as well as neutrophils and eosinophils in Korean cow.

초생추(初生雛)에 발생(發生)한 Aspergillosis

김화식,최원필,Kim, Hwa Sik,Choi, Won Pil 대한수의학회 1969 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

Aspergillosis outbroken in I to 2-week-old chicks in a poultry-farm at Tae-gu district were observed in april, 1959. Clinical and pathological manifestations of the cases were as follows: 1. Clinically, inappetence, drowsiness, and increased thirst were observed in the early stage. In the later stage, extreme dyspnea, emaciation and retarded growth were main features. There was diarrhea in a few cases. 2. Macroscopically, tubercle-like nodules in the lung and cloudy swelling of the parenchymatous organs were present. Histologically, the lung was shown suppurative bronchitis and bronchopneumonia. Hyphae, myceilia, sterigmata and free spores of aspergillus were observed in the center of the nodules and the bronchial lumen.

Sodium monofluoroacetate (Compound 1080) 중독(中毒)에 관(關)한 가토(家兎)의 병리해부학적(病理解剖學的) 연구(硏究)

김화식,Kim, Hwa Sik 대한수의학회 1961 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.1 No.1

Many losses in domestic animals have bern reported in this country, since sodium monofluoroacetate (Compound 1080) was used as a rodenticide. Lesions described inclubed multiple petechiae in epi- and endocardium, lung and intestinal mucosa, or superficial necrosis of the gastric mucosa. In this studies as to the poisoning 7 rabbits were administered 0.6mg (Group I), 0.4mg (Group II), and 0.3mg (Group III) of sodium monofluoroacetate per kilogram of body weight. and the results obtained were as follows: In addition to the changes mentioned above fatty degeneration in central parts of hepatic lobule or nut meg liver, haemorrhagic feci in cerebral cortex and leptomeninges and fatty degeneration in kidney and cardiac muscles were found.

우췌질증(牛膵蛭症)의 병리학적(病理學的) 변화(變化)와 췌질충란(膵蛭蟲卵)의 최염성(催炎性)에 관한 연구(硏究)

김화식,박무서,Kim, Hwa Sik,Park, Moo Seo 대한수의학회 1974 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

Histopathological changes in the pancreas of bovine eurytremiasis were dilatation and thickning of the pancreatic ducts inwhich infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes was prominent. The mucous epithelium showed papilliferous and adenomatoid hyperplasia. Proliferation of tissue mast cells in the mucosa propria of the pancreatic ducts was recognized. In addition, granulomatous inflammation was accompanied with the death of Eurytrema in the pancreatic ducts. Granuloma formation around Eurytrema eggs which were embolized in the lung of rabbit was observed on 15 and 20 days after injection.

우췌질증(牛膵蛭症)의 피내반응(皮內反應)에 관한 연구(硏究)

김화식,박무서,Kim, Hwa Sik,Park, Moo Seo 대한수의학회 1974 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

The studies were conducted on the allergic skin reaction of bovine eurytremiasis. In order to confirm the appearance of allergic skin reaction in this disease, a protein fraction of Eurytrema SPP(EPF) was extracted, and it's antigenicity was studied by means of intradermal reaction on the rabbits, goats and bovine. Rabbits used in this studies were divided into three groups: the first group was sensitized with EPF, the second group was sensitized with EPF, and the third group was served as control which is consisted with 5 non-sensitized and 2 saline injected rabbits. Three healthy native goats and bovine also used. Among these, 86 cases were eurytremiasis, 31 cases were fascioliasis and 71 cases non-infected. A protein fraction was also made from adult worm of Fasciola SPP(FPF) and tested the cross reaction between these two different fluke infestations. The results obtained were as follow: 1. Intradermal reaction was appeared in the infected cattle(bovine eurytremiasis) as well as in the EPF sensitized rabbits and goats. 2. In the EPF sensitized rabbits, the wheal of the intradermal reaction reacted the maximum size (increased wheal size of 5.0 to 9.0 mm) in 40 to 60 minutes and erythema in 60 minutes after intradermal injection of EPF antigen. In the EPF sensitized goats, the size of wheal reacted the maximum(increased wheal size of 5.5 to 8.0 mm) in 30 to 40 minutes, and then disappeared in 120 to 180 minutes after injection of EPF antgen. On the contrary, in the control groups of rabbits and goats, the wheal (7.0 mm) produced following antigen injection reached only to 7.5 to 8.5 mm. in 10 minutes without developing erythema, and then perished in 40 to 60 minutes after injection of EPF antigen. In the infected cattle, the wheal of the intradermal reaction reached the maximal sizes(increased wheal size of 4.0 to 11.0 mm) in 15 to 20 minutes and perished in 60 to 90 minutes after injection of EPF antigen. 3. It would be standardized that the positive reaction is above 4.0 mm, the negative below 2.0 mm and the suspective is 3.0 mm of the infected cattle. In the results of intradermal reaction, 87.2%(75 of 86 cases) was positive, 4.7%(4 of 86 cases) negative and 8.1% (7 of 86 cases) was suspective. However, in the non-infected control cattle, the wheal produced following injection disappeared in 30 to 40 minutes without increasing the wheal size in the most subjects or with incresing only to 1.0 to 2.0 mm in a few cattle. 4. In the results of intradermal reaction which were reciprocally tested in EPF sensitized rabbits by FPF antigen and in FPF sensitized. rabbits by EPF antigen, there were cross reacted. In the 31 cases if fascioliasis tested by EPF antigen, 11 cases were not specifically reacted with EPF antigen. Judging from the results of cross reaction in experimental rabbits and natural bovine fascioliasis, it would be expected when both EPF and EPF antigens are given intracutaneously on the same bovine patients of eurytremiasis or fascioliasis, the former antigen will produce the larger wheal in eurytremiasis, while the latter antigen will produce also the larger wheal in fascioliasis.

닭순환임파구내에 출현하는 Azurophil 과립의 동태에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

김화식,Kim, Hwa Sik 대한수의학회 1972 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

With an effort to clarify the nature of the azurphil granules which occasionally occur in the circulating lymphocytes, these granules were investigated by examining smear of the peripheral blood of the chikens in various stage of the individual growth and after injection of methylene blue and gentian violet. In addition, the fine structure of these granules were also investigated. The results were: 1. These granules were first occurred in the lymphocytes just after their hatching (0.004%). The proportion of lymphocytes containing these granules were increased with their growth and in adult chicken its occurrence was higher than mammals. 2. Marked variations in its fine structure, particularly in its size and cotents, were noted but they were believed to belong to categories of lysosome of de Duve. 3. Lymphocytes containing azurophil granule were increased after injection of the non-immunogenic substances, such as gentian violet and methylene blue. 4. From the above results, chicken is bettor animal to study theme granules because of its higher occurrence. They are believed to have intimate relationship with bodily cellular reaction against the foreign materials because they are increased after non-immunogenic stimuli.

조합의 재산귀속에 관한 연구 - 공동이행방식 공동수급체를 중심으로 -

김화식(Kim, Hwa-Sik) 한양법학회 2021 漢陽法學 Vol.32 No.2

After Enforcement Rules on the Operation of Joint Contracts was amended by Ministry of Strategy and Finance in Jan. 8, 1996, judicial opinions on how claims of construction costs shall belong to the partners of joint venture changed, but it was not clear. That is, if the parties express their intention to exclude the application of civil code provisions on the partnership-ownership, the claims of construction costs may belong to each partners separately. Subsequent judicial precedents did not come to a unified conclusion. In some cases it was concluded that the claims belonged to all the partners jointly, but in others it was not. In other cases of similar issues, while admitting that a joint venture is a civil partnership, obligations to return advance payment was settled separately by each partners. Contradictory precedents left the following questions: Is a joint venture a civil partnership? Is the legal nature of the civil code provisions on the partnership-ownership of partnerships compulsory or optional? In conclusion, can the claims for construction costs of joint ventures belong to each of the partners? Supreme Court en banc Decision 2009Da105406 decided May 17, 2012 made decisions that a joint venture is a civil partnership under civil code, and that the claims for construction costs of the joint ventures belong to each of its partners separately under special agreements of a contract for a construction work. But the Supreme Court Decision was not clear and still left the following problems; Which of the provision on partnership-ownership under civil code is interpreted as optional? Are these opinions generally applicable to a civil partnership? What does it mean that the attribution method on claims of a civil partnership can be laid down under special agreements of a contract for construction work? Experts in favor of the Supreme Court Decision say that it is based on the principle of freedom of contract. Opposite views, on the other hand, presuppose that the provisions of civil code, which define the method of belonging to the property of civil partnership, are compulsory. However, the specific solutions proposed by each opinion are various. The property of a civil partnership include everything with value as property. How this is attributed to partners is defined in § 271 (1) in part of Real Rights and § 704 in part of Claims. With regard to the relationship between the two articles, it is generally considered either that they duplicate one another or that § 704 is unnecessary. However, contrary to the opinion of the above theory, if § 271 (1) and § 704 can be assumed to have different meanings, § 271 could have the meaning of forcing only real right property to belong to partners, not all property of a civil partnership. So the attribution of claims of a civil partnership is determined by § 704. In short, the property of civil partnership as real rights is ruled by compulsory provisions on Partnership-ownership in Real Rights, the property of civil partnership as claims is ruled by a optional provision on Partnership-ownership in Claims. If such assumptions are allowed, the claims of a civil partnership, in principle, belong to the partners in accordance with § 704. However, if there are special agreements in the partnership contract that divide the claims of the civil partnership into partners, this implies the exclusion of § 704, so the attribution of the claims becomes as agreed by the partners. However, even if the special agreements exist in the agreement between the partnership and the third party, they do not define how the property of the partnership belongs. This is because matters related to the internal relationship of partnerships can be determined only by the terms of the partnership contract. These special agreements, in some cases, can only mean how third parties can implement their contracts. In conclusion, the meanings of Supreme Court en banc Decision in 2012 could be fo

가축(家畜)의 장기(臟器)와 조직(組織)에 존재(存在)하는 조직비만세포(組織肥滿細胞)의 정상분포(正常分布)와 감염증시(感染症時)의 태도(態度)에 관한 연구(硏究)

김화식,이재현,Kim, Hwa Sik,Lee, Jae Hyun 대한수의학회 1972 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

The frequency distribution and morphological characteristics of tissue mast cells in the various tissues of normal domestic animals (bovine, swine, dog and chicken) and systematically infected (Hog cholera, Canine distemper and Newcastle disease) animals were studied. The results were as follows: 1 In cattle, density of mast cells was higher in foetus (bovine) and young animals than in adults Differences in frequency distribution among individual animals were also observed. 2. In chicken, the highest number of mast cells was found in age group of 15 to 40 days, the moderate number in age group of one to 10 days, and the lowest number in age group of 40 days or older. 3. The morphologically, mast cells were usually round, ovoid, spindle, oval and irregular, and particularly in ovary of bovine, it was usually round and ovoid forms. 4. The largest numbers of mast cells were shown in ovary of bovine, intestine of swine and dog, and proventriculum of chicken. 5. In the systemic infections, the number of mart cells usually tends to increase.

REBA 기법을 이용한 PET병 제조공정의 인간공학적 분석

김화식(Hwa-Sik Kim),공병채(Byeong-Chae Gong),정선환(Seon-Hwan Cheong),최성대(Seong-Dae Choi) 한국산업융합학회 2009 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.12 No.4

Lacks of harmony of a person and machine according to productivity elevation pursuit is happened by enterprise common problem in Global competition age and productivity loss is caused being connected to worker's burden work. Burden work in PET bottle production Process which are arrangement, Packing, interior inspection is analyzed by Ergonomic analysis technique. REBA estimation point(10~11 points) means the high step of hazard on worker's burden. It is immediately required the improvement on the process. This thesis show you the improving methods like package, examination justice.