http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
김혜원(H. W. Kim),김동아(D. A. Kim),김장환(J. H. Kim),서원산(W. S. Seo),손병창(B. C. Son),추유진(Y. J. Choo),이진복(JB. Yi) 한국재활복지공학회 2018 재활복지공학회논문지 Vol.12 No.4
본 연구는 국내의 보조기기 분류가 법과 제도에서 통일성이 부족하고 최신 국제표준이 반영되어 있지 않으며 보조기기를 서비스할 보조공학사의 직무대상 범위도 분명하지 않는 등 많은 문제에 처해있는 상황을 분석하고 이를 개선할 수 있는 새 분류체계를 제시하기 위해 진행되었다. 국내의 법과 제도에서는 ‘보조기기’를 포함해 모두 9가지의 유사 명칭이 혼재되어 있어 ‘장애인보조기기법’의 제정을 무색하게 하고 있으며, 5년마다 갱신되고 있는 국제표준 최신판도 아직 도입되지 않고 있다. 이러한 문제의 해결을 위한 분류체계개선안은 최상위에 3종의 분류를 추가하고 최신 국제표준의 변화상을 반영하였으며 신기술 제품을 편입할 수 있도록 부분적으로 확장하였다. 이 개선안을 통해 미흡한 법 · 제도를 보완하여 공급자는 보조기기 관련사업 영역의 불확실성을 해결하고 수요자는 그 가치를 효과적으로 누릴 수 있을 것이다. The research was conducted with the purpose of improvement of the national classification system for the assistive products. Based on the law and the systems that are in tact, with the inclusion of the term "assistive products", there are 9 similar labels that are being used for assistive products. With the most recent version for the international standard, which is revised every 5 years, It’s not being taken into consideration for over the past 6 years. The need for the new classification system for assistive products and remedy was suggested following a comparison that was conducted between the most up-to-date international standard and the 2011 international standard, which is the current basis by which assistive products are classified, and an observation of the current domestic situation which is facing problems associated with provisions in the law. The research is able to supplement inadequacies associated with laws dealing with assistive products and can provide stability and effectiveness to demanders while also providing suppliers with methods to enhance productive capacity.
김혜원 ( Kim H. ),조순영 ( Joe S. ),강점숙 ( Kang J. S. ),서송화 ( Seo S. ),이건희 ( Lee G. ) 국군의무사령부 2020 대한군진의학학술지 Vol.51 No.1
Objectives; The purpose of this study was to grasp epidemiological baseline data of ROK female soldiers’ health status and health behavior and prioritize their health problems. Methods; This descriptive survey was performed to 569 female soldiers of ROK with 106-item structured questionnaire composed of health status, health behavior, and women’s health status between March and June in 2019. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, х<sup>2</sup>-test, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Scheffe test. Results; Perceived health status of the participants was 7.00±1.69 out of 10 points and sleep quality was 6.95±3.13 points. Frequent health problems were dental disease, anemia, vaginitis, chronic rhinitis, allergies, urinary tract infection in order. 4.9% were depressed and 2.7% had suicidal idea. Mean BMI was 22.14±2.57, smoking rate was 4.9%, and high risk alcohol use rate was 2.1%. Stress as a woman was 4.10±2.57 out of 10 points. Preterm rate was 9.9%, and abortion rate was 27.8%. The most common female health problem was premenstrual syndrome. Pap smear rate within the last 2 year was 48.4%, regular breast self examination rate was 13.6%. Conclusions; The results revealed that there are in need of various educational interventions to improve female soldiers’ health status and suggested that the necessity of policy development and further research to enhance female soldiers' readiness.
임정규,홍사악,박찬웅,김명석,서유헌,신상구,김용식,김혜원,이정수,장기철,이상국,장우현,김익상,Lim J.K.,Hong S.A.,Park C.W.,Kim M.S.,Suh Y.H.,Shin S.G.,Kim Y.S.,Kim H.W.,Lee J.S.,Chang K.C.,Lee S.K.,Chang K.C.,Kim I.S. 대한약리학회 1980 대한약리학잡지 Vol.16 No.2
The pharmacological and microbiological studies of Cefoperazone (T-1551, Toyama Chemical Co., Japan) were conducted in vitro and in vivo. The studies included stability and physicochemical characteristics, antimicrobial activity, animal and human pharmacokinetics, animal pharmacodynamics and safety evaluation of Cefoperazone sodium for injection. 1) Stability and physicochemical characteristics. Sodium salt of cefoperazone for injection had a general appearance of white crystalline powder which contained 0.5% water, and of which melting point was $187.2^{\circ}C$. The pH's of 10% and 25% aqueous solutions were 5.03 ana 5.16 at $25^{\circ}C$. The preparations of cefoperazone did not contain any pyrogenic substances and did not liberate histamine in cats. The drug was highly compatible with common infusion solutions including 5% Dextrose solution and no significant potency decrease was observed in 5 hours after mixing. Powdered cefoperazone sodium contained in hermetically sealed and ligt-shielded container was highly stable at $4^circ}C{\sim}37^{\circ}C$ for 12 weeks. When stored at $4^{\circ}C$ the potency was retained almost completely for up to one year. 2) Antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates. Among the 230 clinical isolates included, Salmonella typhi was the most susceptible to cefoperazone, with 100% inhibition at MIC of ${\leq}0.5{\mu}g/ml$. Cefoperazone was also highly active against Streptococcus pyogenes(group A), Kletsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella flexneri, with 100% inhibition at $16{\mu}g/ml$ or less. More than 80% of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes and Salmonella paratyphi was inhibited at ${\leq}16{\mu}/ml$, while Enterobacter cloaceae, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aerogenosa were somewhat less sensitive to cefoperagone, with inhibitions of 60%, 55% and 35% respectively at the same MIC. 3) Animal pharmacokinetics Serum concentration, organ distritution and excretion of cefoperazone in rats were observed after single intramuscular injections at doses of 20 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. The extent of protein binding to human plasma protein was also measured in vitro br equilibrium dialysis method. The mean Peak serum concentrations of $7.4{\mu}g/ml$ and $16.4{\mu}/ml$ were obtained at 30 min. after administration of cefoperazone at doses of 20 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg respectively. The tissue concentrations of cefoperazone measured at 30 and 60 min. were highest in kidney. And the concentrations of the drug in kidney, liver and small intestine were much higher than in blood. Urinary and fecal excretion over 24 hours after injetcion ranged form 12.5% to 15.0% in urine and from 19.6% to 25.0% in feces, indicating that the gastrointestinal system is more important than renal system for the excretion of cefoperazone. The extent of binding to human plasma protein measured by equilibrium dialysis was $76.3%{\sim}76.9%$, which was somewhat lower than the others utilizing centrifugal ultrafiltration method. 4) Animal pharmacodynamics Central nervous system : Effects of cefoperazone on the spontaneous movement and general behavioral patterns of rats, the pentobarbital sleeping time in mice and the body temperature in rabbits were observed. Single intraperitoneal injections at doses of $500{\sim}2,000mg/kg$ in rats did not affect the spontaneous movement ana the general behavioral patterns of the animal. Doses of $125{\sim}500mg/kg$ of cefoperazone injected intraperitonealy in mice neither increased nor decreased the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. In rabbits the normal body temperature was maintained following the single intravenous injections of $125{\sim}2,000mg/kg$ dose. Respiratory and circulatory system: Respiration rate, blood pressure, heart rate and ECG of anesthetized rabbits were monitored for 3 hours following single intravenous inje