게임을 활용한 공감훈련이 초등학생의 친사회적 행동 증진에 미치는 영향

김형회,Kim, Hyung-Hoe 한국초등상담교육학회 2005 초등상담연구 Vol.4 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of game-centered empathy training on the prosocial behaviors of elementary schoolers in a bid to suggest how their prosocial behaviors could be boosted. The research questions were posed as below: 1. Does game-based empathy training improve the overall empathy of school children? 2. Does game-based empathy training have a better effect on the cognitive empathy of school children or their emotional empathy? 3. Does game-based empathy training enhance the prosocial behaviors of school children? The subjects in this study were 62 children in their fourth year of D elementary school in Eumseong-gun, north Chungcheong province. They were divided into an experimental group and a control group, and a survey was conducted before and after the experimental group under-went empathy training for about six weeks. The instrument used in this study was David(1980)'s Interpersonal Reactivity Index adopted by Park Sung-hee(1996) to suit school children. Another instrument was Park Sung-hee (1997)'s inventory to assess the prosocial behaviors of children. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 for Windows program, and reliability analysis and t-test were employed. The findings of the study were as follows: First, as for the effects of the game-based empathy training on the overall empathy of the elementary school youngsters that included both emotional and cognitive empathy, both groups got lower scores in posttest than in pretest. The experiment produced unexpected results, as the experimental group got significantly lower scores. This fact indicated that the game-based empathy training was ineffective. Second, the game-centered empathy training didn't exercise any influences on their cognitive and emotional empathy. The experiment had a reverse impact on the cognitive and emotional empathy of the experimental group, which implied that the training served as a factor to deteriorate the two types of empathy, and the hypothesis posed in this study was rejected. Therefore, which type of empathy could make a better progress by being exposed to the training couldn't definitely be determined. Third, the game-based empathy training didn't serve to Improve the prosocial behaviors of the elementary schoolers. There was no change in the experimental group, and this fact signified that there's something wrong with the attempt to develop school children's empathy to step up their prosocial behaviors. Based on the above-mentioned findings, the following conclusion was reached: First, the game-centered empathy training had no effects on boosting the overall empathy of the school children. Second, the game-centered empathy training couldn't be said to be effective in improving either cognitive empathy or emotional one. From a viewpoint of relativity, that could be said to affect emotional empathy more than cognitive one. Third, the game-based empathy training wasn't effective in improving prosocial behaviors. Rather, that resulted in interrupting the promotion of prosocial behaviors.

우리나라 年金保險에 關한 考察

金亨會(Hyung Hoe Kim) 서울대학교 보건환경연구소 1970 보건학논집 Vol.7 No.2

폐경기 여성에서 연령, 폐경후 경과기간 및 혈청 지질 농도에 따른 hs-CRP의 변화

정은주 ( Eun Joo Jung ),김기형 ( Ki Hyung Kim ),김형회 ( Hyung Hoe Kim ),이규섭 ( Ku Sup Lee ) 대한폐경학회 2004 대한폐경학회지 Vol.10 No.1

정보경제방법을 이용한 병원정보시스템의 경제성분석

채영문 ( Young Moon Chae ),김석 ( Seok Kim ),조경원 ( Kyung Won Cho ),김혜숙 ( Hye Sook Kim ),강성홍 ( Sung Hong Kang ),김형회 ( Hyung Hoe Kim ),박춘복 ( Chun Bok Park ) 한국보건정보통계학회(구 한국보건통계학회) 2010 한국보건정보통계학회지 Vol.35 No.2

Objectives: To perform economic analysis for the newly developed hospital information system (HIS) based on EMR by using information economic (IE) approach and to perform the sensitivity analysis for the hypothetical parameters and the scenarios on the number of hospitals to be disseminated. Methods: We used IE approach in order to quantify intangible benefits in a systematic manner. IE attempts to categorize benefits into five value types: direct benefits, value acceleration, value linkage, value restructuring, and innovation valuation. While actual hospital data were used in most of the analysis, some data were extrapolated from the literature if actual data were not available. Patient waiting time for two outpatient departments were compared for two hospitals (with EMR and without EMR) in order to estimate the time savings from the reduction in waiting time. Results: Benefits to costs (B/C) ratio was 0.47 if only direct benefit was included but it was increased to 0.86 if value acceleration was added; was increased to 0.93 if value linkage was included; increased to 1.50 if value restructuring was added; and was increased to 1.51 of innovation valuation was added. Conclusions: IE analysis showed that HIS was economically profitable project if all intangible benefits were included. Sensitivity analysis showed that B/C ratio was further increased if the same system was disseminated to other public hospitals

진단검사코드 표준화를 위한 LOCAL-LOINC 코드 매핑 시스템의 설계 및 구현

송혜주(Hyr-Ju Song),안후영(Hoo-Young Ahn),박영호(Young-Ho Park),김신영(Shine-Young Kim),김형회(Hyung-Hoe Kim) 한국정보과학회 2008 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.35 No.1

본 논문에서는 의료기관의 검사코드인 LOCAL 코드(Local Code)를 LOINC 코드(Local Laboratory Result Code)와 매핑하기 위한 알고리즘을 구현하고, 이를 기반으로, LOCAL 코드의 매핑 및 입력을 지원하는 새로운 시스템을 제안한다. 이를 위해, 먼저, LOCAL 코드를 변환하여 LOINC의 여섯 가지 속성을 추출한 대응 코드로 생성한다. 추출한 대응코드는 LOINC 코드와 매핑하는 키 값이 된다. 대응코드와 LOINC 코드의 매핑은 각 속성을 우선순위에 따라 비교하는 과정을 포함하며, 매핑 결과 수에 따라 자동 매핑되거나, 상 하위 개념을 조합 또는 System 코드를 재검색하는 결과 최소화 단계를 수행한다. 본 연구에서는 매핑 알고리즘을 기반으로 LOINC 코드로 매핑 하고, 새로운 LOCAL 코드를 LOINC 코드로 입력할 수 있는 새로운 시스템을 구축하였다. 본 연구의 목표는 LOINC를 활용하여 방대한 진단검사 결과데이터를 표준화하고, 이를 통해 의료 기관 간 EMR을 실현하고 구축하는 기반요소를 마련하는데 있다. 본 연구를 통해, 국내 의료기관 간 검사 결과의 통합과 호환이 가능하게 할 것이며, 검사코드의 표준화를 위한 기반요소를 마련할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

우리나라 年金保險에 關한 考察 : 公務員 年金制度를 中心으로

金亨會 서울大學校保建大學院 1970 公衆保健雜誌 Vol.7 No.2

It is one of the current policies of this country to introduce social insurance and expand it step by step. In order to obtain data required for the extension and development of pension insurance aimed at supporting the living of retired and aged persons, wisits were made to the Pension Bureau of the Ministry of Gvernment Administration from September 1 to October 20, 1970. As the results of studies and analysis conducted of data thus obtained on the operating status of the government employees' pension system, the following conclusion was reached: 1) As of the end of 1970, the total number of government employees suject to the application of the Government Employees's Pension Law was 410,150. Ordinary category employees constituted 49.1 per cent or the greatest proportion, educational employees 30 per cent, manual workers 20.7 per cent, and judges 0.2 per cent or the smallest proportion. 2) The government employees were broken down by seniority of service into the following gro-ups those with seniority one year to five years constituted 51.7 per cent or the greatest proportion, those with seniority of six 10 years 22.5 per cent, those with seniority of 11 to 15 years 9.9 per cent, those with seniority of 16 to 20 years 13.2 per cent, and those with seniority of more than 20 years only 2.7 per cent. 3) The average annul increase rate for the number of government employees entitled to benefit from the pension system was 5.9 per cent. Their retirement rate was6.1 per cent. 4) The government employees who retired in 1970 were broken down into the following groups of seniority:those with seniority of one year toi four years constuted 49.8 per cent or the greatest proportion, those with seniority of five to none years 26.5 per cent, and those with with seniority of 15 to 20 years 11.2 per cent or the smallest proportion. 5) Studies should be made to devise the method of benefiting the government employees excluded from the application of the Government Employees' Pension Law and to set the scope of application under a consolidated system. 6) The greatest of the financial resources for the apyment of insurance money was procured by way of contribution made by the Government and premiums paid by employees. The rates of both the contribution made by the Government and the premium paid by employees were same at 2.3 per cent from 1962 to 1968, 2.5 per cent in 1969, and 5.5 per cent in 1970. 7) The payment of pension constituted the greatest percentage of insurance money paid, and the accumulated reserve funds and the reserve funds constituted large proportions, while managerial expenses occupied only 1 to 3 per cent. 8) The increase rate of the Pension Fund reached an average of 36 per cent per annum. Its amount increased from \1, 730,000,000 in 1962 to 13,560,000 at the end August 1970. 9) The rates of contribution made by the Government and premium paid by employees under the pension insurance policy should be determined in such a way as to insure their we living of government employees and the promotion of their welfare As measures incidental to the merger of the short-term insurance money(formedical treatment) and the long-term insurance mo-ney(for the payment of pension), it is recommended that the contribution rates be readjusted. 10) There were 16 kinds of insurance money comprising seven kinds of short-term insurance money and nine kinds of long-term insurance money. The short-term insurance money was to be paid for medical treatment, delivery of child, funeral and ritual, while the long-term insurance money was to be paid for retirement, injury, and the living expenses of breaved families. 11) The average annual payment of insurance money was \38,429 per case. The amount of short-term in surance money was\5,039 and that of long-term insurance money \86,050. 12) The average annual amount of contribution by each employee was \1,750 in 1962, \3,060 in 1967, and \6,900 in 1969. The average amount of benefit given to each employee reached \342 in 1962, \4,600 in 1967, and \13,600 in 1969. 13) The government employees' pension system is a safe and permanent means of insuring their living. Its effects are being sharply elevated. Individual beneficiaries are free to choose a lump-sum payment or yearly installment payments. The ration of insurance money to the amount of contribution made by the beneficiary was 9.3-fold under the government employees' pens-ion system the corresponding figure under the average rivate insurance policy was only 1.3-fold. 14) It is the fundamental objective to seek the qualitative improvement of insurance and to make it realistic as a means of supporting the living of the insured. 15) A single insurance prganization is recommended as a prerequisite to the consolidation of pension insurance. Also essential for the operation of insurance is to train skilled insurance personnel and appropriately assign them. In view of the improtance of statistics concerning insurance, the establishment of an organization exclusively engaged in statistics is desirable.

HLA 검사 신빙도 검증

손한철,김신영,이대동,이선민,김형회 부산대학교 병원 암연구소 2007 부산대병원학술지 Vol.- No.21

Background: To standardize the histocompatibility test, we have performed a proficiency survey by compare our results with other reports from nationwide HLA laboratories in Korea. Methods: During a three-year periods, 6 trials of proficiency survey were performed with 35 laboratories. Test number and items included in each survey were 3 HLA DNA typings including HLA -A -B -C and -DR, and 6 HLA crossmatch tests. HLA A-B-DR haplotype frequencies were estimated by the maximum likelihood method using the computer program developed at the 11th International Histocompatibility Workshop. Results: High consensus (>90%) was obtaiend for HLA-DNA antigen typings. And low consensus was obtaiend for 19 of 30 trails in HLA crossmatch but not unacceptable. A total of 39 A-B-DR haplotypes with frequencies ≥0.5% were identified in Koreans, among which 17 haplotypes showed frequencies≥ 1.0%, which were similar results with other reports. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that there are high proficiency in HLA laboratory of PNUH but high resolution program will be necessary for improvement of HLA crossmatch.