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NADH 센서를 이용한 생물학적 동시 탈질·질산화공정에서 질소, 인제거 영향인자 및 거동 평가
김한래,이시진(Si-Jin Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2008 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.34 No.5
In this study, the factors affecting on biological N and P removal using SND (simultaneous nitrification and denitrification) process were investigated and evaluated to find the possibility for treating N and P through SND with NADH by surveying N and P trace in aeration tank. The results on surveying the variation of NH₄+-N+NO₃−-N concentration in order to estimate the degree of SND in each point (P2, P3, P4, P5) of aeration tank showed that denitrification efficiency in P2 (front zone), nitrification and denitrification efficiencies in P4 (middle zone) were 67%, 86% and 39%, respectively. When it analyzed PO₄-³-P concentration in each point of aeration tank, PO₄-³-P concentration into P2 was 1.25 mg/L, increased to 2.22 mg/L by P release in P2 zone, decreased to 0.74 mg/L by P uptake in P4. Consequently, we could estimate which high P removal efficiency observed in this study was caused by biological phosphorus removal. To find the operating factors affecting effluent T-N, we analyzed the correlation among FN/M ratio, C/N ratio, Temp. and SRT etc and then the results showed that the correlation among FN/M ratio, C/N ratio and Temp was no high. However, in the relationship of SRT and other parameters (effluent NH₄+-N and effluent BOD), the short SRT could be affected on effluent NH₄+-N and so effluent BOD could be increased. Thus, SRT operation should be controlled over 10 days. The results for analyzing the correlation between SRT and influent NO₃--N in order to investigate the operating factors affecting effluent T-P showed that T-P or PO₄-³-P was no high correlation with SRT, whereas PO₄-³-P concentration increased along with increasing NO₃--N concentration into P2. Based on these results, we could obtain the conclusion which effluent PO₄-³-P concentration depend on NO₃--N concentration into P2 using regression analysis (R²=0.97). In this study, the factors affecting on biological N and P removal using SND (simultaneous nitrification and denitrification) process were investigated and evaluated to find the possibility for treating N and P through SND with NADH by surveying N and P trace in aeration tank. The results on surveying the variation of NH₄+-N+NO₃−-N concentration in order to estimate the degree of SND in each point (P2, P3, P4, P5) of aeration tank showed that denitrification efficiency in P2 (front zone), nitrification and denitrification efficiencies in P4 (middle zone) were 67%, 86% and 39%, respectively. When it analyzed PO₄-³-P concentration in each point of aeration tank, PO₄-³-P concentration into P2 was 1.25 mg/L, increased to 2.22 mg/L by P release in P2 zone, decreased to 0.74 mg/L by P uptake in P4. Consequently, we could estimate which high P removal efficiency observed in this study was caused by biological phosphorus removal. To find the operating factors affecting effluent T-N, we analyzed the correlation among FN/M ratio, C/N ratio, Temp. and SRT etc and then the results showed that the correlation among FN/M ratio, C/N ratio and Temp was no high. However, in the relationship of SRT and other parameters (effluent NH₄+-N and effluent BOD), the short SRT could be affected on effluent NH₄+-N and so effluent BOD could be increased. Thus, SRT operation should be controlled over 10 days. The results for analyzing the correlation between SRT and influent NO₃--N in order to investigate the operating factors affecting effluent T-P showed that T-P or PO₄-³-P was no high correlation with SRT, whereas PO₄-³-P concentration increased along with increasing NO₃--N concentration into P2. Based on these results, we could obtain the conclusion which effluent PO₄-³-P concentration depend on NO₃--N concentration into P2 using regression analysis (R²=0.97).
실규모의 고도처리공정에서 NADH변화 유형과 이를 활용한 공정제어
김한래,조종복,조일형(cho ih hyoung),이진우,장순웅(CHANG SOON WOONG),이시진(Si-Jin Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2008 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.34 No.6
In this study, we investigated the possibility of auto control and the proper operating factors in the BNR(Biological Nutrient Removal) process using an NADH(Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) fluorometer, which characterized the emitted fluorescence when activated by flashes of UV light at 460 nm. In terms of finding adequate operating parameters, results indicted that nitrification efficiency decreased in the controlled DO while denitrification efficiency decreased in the controlled pH. The above results indicated that controlled operating condition after combination with NADH, DO and pH was resonable. Result obtained from the correlation between NADH and pH showed that variation trend of influent loading was similar to those of NADH and pH, and also the variation cycle was repeated on a daily basis. Consequently, this result showed the increase of BOD loading caused the nitrification efficiency to decrease because air-flow, required for nitrification, was reduced, and so the NADH value was increased. From these results, it is possible to use NADH flourimetry to assess the variation of organic load and nitrification efficiency in the case of small change in influent pH such as in sewage and also to handle and operate the load variation in the auto control system using the NADH fluorometer. In this study, we investigated the possibility of auto control and the proper operating factors in the BNR(Biological Nutrient Removal) process using an NADH(Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) fluorometer, which characterized the emitted fluorescence when activated by flashes of UV light at 460 nm. In terms of finding adequate operating parameters, results indicted that nitrification efficiency decreased in the controlled DO while denitrification efficiency decreased in the controlled pH. The above results indicated that controlled operating condition after combination with NADH, DO and pH was resonable. Result obtained from the correlation between NADH and pH showed that variation trend of influent loading was similar to those of NADH and pH, and also the variation cycle was repeated on a daily basis. Consequently, this result showed the increase of BOD loading caused the nitrification efficiency to decrease because air-flow, required for nitrification, was reduced, and so the NADH value was increased. From these results, it is possible to use NADH flourimetry to assess the variation of organic load and nitrification efficiency in the case of small change in influent pH such as in sewage and also to handle and operate the load variation in the auto control system using the NADH fluorometer.
김한래,김택진,김기덕 중앙대학교 중앙사학연구소 2014 중앙사론 Vol.0 No.39
This study attempted to investigate the applicability of the Internet imagery map for Fengshui study by using it based on WEB 2.0. World-class IT firms are providing the imagery map of the whole world on the Internet. And they enable users to make use of knowledge information for relevant study beyond the simple imagery map by implementing Mashup in this imagery map in a diverse way. Accordingly, this study aimed to contribute to making a more objectified Fengshui study by applying this imagery map service to the Fengshui study. This study presented a method of analyzing the imagery map using Google Maps and Google Earth provided by Google, the world-class IT firm, and a possibility of analyzing Fengshui by using Naver Map and Daum Map, and Map of Onnara, the real estate portal site, and on-Map of the National Geographic Information Institute, the government agency. And it attempted to consider the possibility of their useful application in explaining the theory of divination based on topography using the imagery map by explaining their advantages and disadvantages and sharing them with each other.