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김태효 한국전략문제연구소 1998 전략연구 Vol.5 No.1
Studies on North Korea's change in the future maybe focused on three different levels of change: power elite, system, and state. This study aims to predict how North Korea will change in the future based on the evaluation of crisis management capability by North Korean power elites. North Korea has faced two kinds of crises: domestic and international crises. Challenge against governmental legitimacy, economic crisis, growing private self-regulation, and agitation among reform-oriented elites are the representative examples of domestic crises. North Korea also suffers from crises caused by external developments: North Korea has been pushed into the corner by the collapse of its socialist allies and the spread of democracy and market economy: North Korean leaders are afraid if their people are influenced by incoming information from the outside. Under Kim Il Sung's leadership, however, North Korea was able to break though major crises those caused by the raid on the Blue House (1968), the seizure of the Puebulo (1968), and the murder of American soldiers at the Panmunjom(1976). What enabled North Korea's successful management of these crises were its forceful theocracy and the existence of bipolar system. North Korean leaders correctly understood that neither the Soviet Union nor the United States could easily attack the other side because it would escalate into a major war involving massive nuclear attack. Thus, the Soviet Union and China as formidable allies of North Korea during the Cold War served as effective leverages for North Korea's intimidation against South Korea and the United States, North Korea also knew when it had to appease the U.S. to avoid possible retaliation. However. the situation has changed due to the end of the Cold War and the death of the Kim 11 Sung. and North Korea now has to find a new strategy to overcome current crises. Lack of charisma compared to his father, Kim Jong 11 heavily depends on military authority for ruling the country. After applying brinkmanship diplomacy for a few years in negotiating with the U.S. on nuclear crisis, North Korean policymakers are currently trying to get closer to the United States which they had branded as ringleader of imperialism. That is. North Korea attempts to gain economic benefits as much as possible from western countries mainly from the U.S. and to ensure its security by obtaining America's promise not to attack first. Future development of the North Korean situation depends on the leadership of the North Korean regime. North Korea will desperately try to keep its regime alive adopting a few economic reforms: for example, it has designated a few cities and is inviting foreign investment. Kim Jong Il regime will also attempt to take advantage of America's soft-landing policy for getting economic and political support from concerned countries. However. it is doubtful how long these measures will work for North Korea. North North has no choice but to open its economy to sustain its system and the taste of capitalism will gradually change the public's viewpoint against their government, even into a hostile one. At the point when the North Korean regime is no more economically able to compensate its elite group, even they might turn their back against the Kim Jong Il leadership. It is highly likely that North Korea's crisis management will fail not due to outside shock but due to gradual and slow resistance from the inside.
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SnO_(x)/Pt 박막형 가스 감지소자의 가스 감지특성
김태효,이성필 경남대학교 신소재연구소 1991 論文集 Vol.1 No.-
SnO_(x)/Pt 박막형 가스감지소자를 제조하고 그 특성을 측정하였다. SnO_(x)/Pt 박막은 SnP_(2)에 Pt를 중량비로 2% 섞은 표적을 전자선 가열중착법으로 형성하였다. 소자의 전도도는 온도의존성을 보였고, CO가스에 대한 감도는 2000ppm 이하의 낮은 농도범위에서 가스농도의 평방근에 비례하였다. 최적동작온도는 약 300℃였고, CO 가스농도가 5000ppm에서의 응답 시간은 약 20초였다. SnO_(x)/Pt thin film gas sensors were fabricated and their performance characteristics were measured. The SnO_(x)/Pt films were deposited by vacuum evaporating the SnO_(2) target mixed with 2 wt% P_(1). The conductivity showed the temperature dependence and the sensitivity to CO gas was proportional to the square root of gas concentration below 2000ppm. The optimum operating temperature of the fabricated devices was about 300℃ and the response time in 5000ppm CO gas was about 20 sec.
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김태효 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1998 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.2
본 논문에서는 슬리트형 레이저 투광기를 3차원 물체에 투영하여 화상처리에 의한 물체의 위치 및 자세를 계측하고 3차원 형상을 복원하였다. 고정밀 화상을 취득하기 위해 2048개의 화소를 가진 성형 CCD와 회전거울 장착한 고정밀 카메라를 사용하였다. Calibration에서 4개의 기준점을 설정하고 이의 실제 치수를 잰 후 2차원의 카메라좌표에 사상(mapping)하였으며, 카메라의 35㎜ 렌즈에 대한 오차특성을 조사하였다. 대상 물체의 계측에서 취득된 2차원의 선화상(line image)을 화상처리를 이용하여 데이터의 잡음을 제거하고 불연속 라인을 연결한 후, 2 차원 선화상들을 조합하여 3차원 형상화상을 얻었다. 여기서 세로방향의 분해능을 0.5㎜로 실현하였다. In this paper, we measured the 3-D position and orientation of a given object and reconstructed its 3-D shape using the slit type of laser projector and some image processing algorithms. In order to acquire high precision image, we used the camera which has liner CCD device composed of 2048 cells and rotating mirror. We first set 4 reference points and established their real lengths among them, then mapped their object coordinates into the camera coordinates, finally measured the error of camera lens(35㎜) in calibration. In practical object measurement, we removed some noises and connected the discontinuities of the line images using some image processing, then obtained the 3-D shape image that the 2-D line images are juxtaposed in order. The 3-D shape image has a resolution of 0.5㎜(vertical direction).
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김태효 서울대학교 국제학연구소 2013 국제지역연구 Vol.22 No.1
The author will analyze recent changes in global political and economic order and examine the challenges and tasks these changes created for the ROK’s foreign policy. I identify three important changes in global governance: the rise of new major actors, the emergence of an ‘Asian age’, and the spread of democracy. Accordingly, existing discussions and arguments about global governance should be modified. First, the roles played by non-governmental actors should not be overestimated, and more attention should be given to the roles of states and international institutions. Second, since the emergence of Asia is being led by the emergence of China, China’s role and responsibility on key issues need to be specifically examined. Third, although the spread of democracy is considered an irreversible trend, various domestic and international conflicts have occurred during the democratization process, which calls for caution and a sophisticated approach. This paper reviews and evaluates the Lee Myung-Bak government’s “Global Korea” diplomacy, focusing on how it incorporated the challenges of changing global governance. I argue that “Global Korea” diplomacy was timely and appropriate because it preemptively responded to the changing global order by expanding the country’s network of global cooperation. ROK efforts to become one of the rule-setters on three so-called key issues (security, economy, and climate change) of global governance will enable the country to better serve its national interest through international cooperation. North Korea is the biggest concern for peace and stability in Northeast Asia, and the ROK should pursue its North Korea/unification policy in accordance with universal norms and values. For Global Korea leadership to be successful there should be two virtues: the ‘wisdom’ to quickly read the code of rapidly changing global governance and to prepare for it, and the ‘courage’ to push the right strategy in a consistent and unwavering way. 필자는 최근 몇 년 기간에 일어난 국제정치질서 변화의 본질과 성격을 몇 가지 이슈에 따라 분석하고, 이러한 변화들이 대한민국의 대외정책에 어떠한 과제를 던졌는지 살펴보고자 한다. 현재 일어나고 있는 글로벌 거버넌스의 변화는 주요 행위자의 다극화, 아시아 시대의 도래, 민주주의의 확산이라는 세 가지 현상으로 요약된다. 이러한 변화는 기존의 글로벌 거버넌스 논의에 다음과 같은 새로운 함의를 시사한다. 첫째, 비국가 행위자들(NGOs)이 글로벌 거버넌스에서 수행하는 역할이 과대평가되어서는 안 되며, 글로벌 이슈를 주도하는 주요 국가 및 국제제도의 역할에 보다 주목해야 한다. 둘째, 중국의 부상(浮上)이 사실상 아시아 시대의 도래를 주도하고 있는 상황에서 쟁점 이슈들에 관한 중국의 역할 문제를 구체적으로 검토해야 한다. 셋째, 민주주의의 확산 자체가 시대적 조류로 당연시되고 있으나 그 과정에서 빚어지는 국내 및 국제관계 차원의 여러 갈등 및 분쟁요인에 대한 검토와 대비가 필요하다. 이러한 글로벌 거버넌스 논의의 변화 속에서 이명박 정부가 천명한 글로벌 코리아 외교의 지향점과 추진내용을 검토하고 평가한다. 글로벌 코리아 외교는 세계질서의 변화에 대한 선제적 대응과 이에 부합하는 글로벌 협력 네트워크의 확충이라는 관점에서 시의 적절하다. 안보, 경제, 기후변화라는 미래 글로벌 거버넌스의 3대 이슈에 있어서 대한민국이 주요 의제설정자의 일원이 되었다는 것은 우리 국익에 부합하도록 국제협력을 만들어 갈 수 있는 토대를 구축했다는 의미를 지닌다. 북한 문제가 한반도와 동북아시아의 잠재적 불안요인인 만큼, 대북정책을 보편 타당한 국제규범의 공감대에 부합하도록 추진하면서 통일외교 역량을 강화해야 한다. 글로벌 코리아의 리더십은 글로벌 거버넌스의 변화무쌍한 시대적 코드를 먼저 읽고 이에 대처하는 ‘지혜’의 덕목과, 이로 비롯된 전략을 흔들림 없이 일관되게 추진하는 ‘용기’라는 덕목 두 가지에 의해 좌우될 것이다.
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